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Gutierrez-Oviedo FA, Richards AT, Javaid A, You M, Zang Y, Senevirathne ND, McFadden JW. Effects of abomasal infusion of soybean or sunflower phospholipids on nutrient digestibility and milk production in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00811-7. [PMID: 38788840 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The fatty acid (FA) and phospholipid composition of dietary lecithin may influence FA digestibility and milk production in cattle. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (99.4 ± 9.2 d in milk [DIM]; 48.9 ± 3.8 kg milk/d) were enrolled in a 3 × 3 incomplete Latin square design with 3 treatments provided as continuous abomasal infusates spanning 14-d experimental periods: water (CON), soybean phospholipids (SOY; 74.5 g of deoiled soy lecithin), or sunflower phospholipids (SUN; 133.5 g of hydrolyzed sunflower lecithin). Cows were fed the same diet, which contained (% dry matter) 27.0% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 15.6% crude protein (CP), 26.2% starch, and 5.87% FA. Treatments did not modify body weight, milk fat, protein, or lactose contents, or the efficiency of producing energy-corrected milk. Cows infused with SUN had greater milk yields than those receiving SOY or CON treatments. Cows infused with SUN had higher total solids, protein, and lactose yields than cows receiving the SOY or CON treatments. Sunflower phospholipids enhanced feed efficiency (milk yield/dry matter intake) relative to SOY or CON. Treatment did not affect intakes or apparent total-tract digestibilities for NDF, CP, starch, or 16-carbon (16C) FA. Cows receiving SUN had greater total FA and 18-carbon (18C) FA intakes than SOY or CON, but treatments did not impact their digestibility. Milk FA composition was modified by treatment. Cows receiving SUN had a greater concentration of polyunsaturated FA and lower concentrations of saturated FA and monounsaturated FA in milk relative to SOY or CON. In conclusion, the abomasal infusion of SUN improved milk production and milk FA composition, indicating potential benefits for dairy cow nutrition and milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Javaid
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853
| | - Mingyang You
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853
| | - Yu Zang
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853
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2
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Demmelmair H, Uhl O, Zhou SJ, Makrides M, Gibson RA, Prosser C, Gallier S, Koletzko B. Plasma Sphingomyelins and Carnitine Esters of Infants Consuming Whole Goat or Cow Milk-Based Infant Formulas or Human Milk. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00223-2. [PMID: 38615734 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infant formulas are typically manufactured using skimmed milk, whey proteins, and vegetable oils, which excludes milk fat globule membranes (MFGM). MFGM contains polar lipids, including sphingomyelin (SM). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was comparison of infant plasma SM and acylcarnitine species between infants who are breastfed or receiving infant formulas with different fat sources. METHODS In this explorative study, we focused on SM and acylcarnitine species concentrations measured in plasma samples from the TIGGA study (ACTRN12608000047392), where infants were randomly assigned to receive either a cow milk-based infant formula (CIF) with vegetable oils only or a goat milk-based infant formula (GIF) with a goat milk fat (including MFGM) and vegetable oil mixture to the age ≥4 mo. Breastfed infants were followed as a reference group. Using tandem mass spectrometry, SM species in the study formulas and SM and acylcarnitine species in plasma samples collected at the age of 4 mo were analyzed. RESULTS Total SM concentrations (∼42 μmol/L) and patterns of SM species were similar in both formulas. The total plasma SM concentrations were not different between the formula groups but were 15 % (CIF) and 21% (GIF) lower in the formula groups than in the breastfed group. Between the formula groups, differences in SM species were statistically significant but small. Total carnitine and major (acyl) carnitine species were not different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The higher total SM concentration in breastfed than in formula-fed infants might be related to a higher SM content in human milk, differences in cholesterol metabolism, dietary fatty acid intake, or other factors not yet identified. SM and acylcarnitine species composition in plasma is not closely related to the formula fatty acid composition. This trial was registered at Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12608000047392.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Demmelmair
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany.
| | - Olaf Uhl
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Shao J Zhou
- Food and Wine, School of Agriculture, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Maria Makrides
- Woman's and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Robert A Gibson
- Food and Wine, School of Agriculture, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Colin Prosser
- Science Department, Dairy Goat Co-operative (NZ) Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Sophie Gallier
- Science Department, Dairy Goat Co-operative (NZ) Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany
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3
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Hennebelle M, Villeneuve P, Durand E, Lecomte J, van Duynhoven J, Meynier A, Yesiltas B, Jacobsen C, Berton-Carabin C. Lipid oxidation in emulsions: New insights from the past two decades. Prog Lipid Res 2024; 94:101275. [PMID: 38280491 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Lipid oxidation constitutes the main source of degradation of lipid-rich foods, including food emulsions. The complexity of the reactions at play combined with the increased demand from consumers for less processed and more natural foods result in additional challenges in controlling this phenomenon. This review provides an overview of the insights acquired over the past two decades on the understanding of lipid oxidation in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. After introducing the general structure of O/W emulsions and the classical mechanisms of lipid oxidation, the contribution of less studied oxidation products and the spatiotemporal resolution of these reactions will be discussed. We then highlight the impact of emulsion formulation on the mechanisms, taking into consideration the new trends in terms of emulsifiers as well as their own sensitivity to oxidation. Finally, novel antioxidant strategies that have emerged to meet the recent consumer's demand will be detailed. In an era defined by the pursuit of healthier, more natural, and sustainable food choices, a comprehensive understanding of lipid oxidation in emulsions is not only an academic quest, but also a crucial step towards meeting the evolving expectations of consumers and ensuring the quality and stability of lipid-rich food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hennebelle
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Pierre Villeneuve
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier F34398, France; Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Erwann Durand
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier F34398, France; Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Lecomte
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier F34398, France; Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - John van Duynhoven
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Unilever Food Innovation Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Betül Yesiltas
- Research group for Bioactives - Analysis and Application, Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Jacobsen
- Research group for Bioactives - Analysis and Application, Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Claire Berton-Carabin
- INRAE, UR BIA, Nantes 44300, France; Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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4
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Harasym J, Banaś K. Lecithin's Roles in Oleogelation. Gels 2024; 10:169. [PMID: 38534587 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This manuscript analyzes the research considering the exploitation of lecithin in oleogelation. The main objective of the work was to gather, analyze, and extract from the existing research data the information that enables us to identify lecithin-dependent roles. Oleogelation is still under research, while using various oleogelators and structurants provides changes on different physico-chemical levels. Multivariable formulations do not facilitate the elucidation of the specific role of any of them. Lecithin, due to its complex structure, big molecule, and amphiphilic nature, can provide different functionalities in complex matrices like oleogels. Therefore, this review identifies and categorizes the functionality of lecithin in oleogelation into four main roles: 1. oleogelation facilitator; 2. structure-forming impact; 3. texturing agent; and 4. functionality provider. Also, the origin and structure-forming characteristics of lecithin, as well as a short summary of the oleogelation process itself, are presented. Our critical analysis allowed us to identify the roles of lecithin in the oleogelation process and categorized them as follows: oleogelator, emulsifier, structural organization facilitator, structural modifier, crystal characteristics modifier, self-assembly promoter, thermal behavior changer, hydrogen-bonded networks promoter, hydrogel structure modifier, texture and structural modifier, gel-like state promoter, oil capacity enhancer, functionality provider, shelf life extender, and bioavailability and bioaccessibility enhancer. Lecithin came out as an important and multifunctional compound whose applications in oleogelation need to be thoroughly pre-considered. It is crucial to grasp all the possible roles of used compounds to be able to predict the final functionality and characteristics of formed oleogel matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Harasym
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland
- Adaptive Food Systems Accelerator-Science Centre, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karol Banaś
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland
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5
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Hanley L, Ghazani SM, Marangoni AG. Giant multilamellar and large unilamellar lecithin vesicles for the encapsulation and oral delivery of cannabinoids. Food Chem 2024; 433:137291. [PMID: 37690133 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous formation of phospholipid vesicles was explored for the production of liposomal encapsulations of bioactive compounds. Low-energy processing methods were used to produce stable large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and giant multilamellar vesicles (GMVs) from unrefined, deoiled soybean and sunflower lecithin dispersions. The presence of these structures was confirmed by particle size analysis, bright-field and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the liposomes were determined to be in a liquid crystalline state. Through molecular modelling, these liposomes were predicted to be capable of encapsulating cannabinoids within their membrane based on their structural and chemical similarity to cholesterol. The encapsulation capacities of cannabis oil in soybean and sunflower LUVs and spontaneous GMVs were then assessed based on these models. These liposomes demonstrated high thermal and oxidative stability, making them suitable for various food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hanley
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Saeed M Ghazani
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Alejandro G Marangoni
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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6
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Golonka I, Pucułek JE, Greber KE, Dryś A, Sawicki W, Musiał W. Evaluation of the Effect of Antibacterial Peptides on Model Monolayers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14861. [PMID: 37834308 PMCID: PMC10573695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the synthesized antibacterial peptides: P2 (WKWK)2-KWKWK-NH2, P4 (C12)2-KKKK-NH2, P5 (KWK)2-KWWW-NH2, and P6 (KK)2-KWWW-NH2 on the physicochemical properties of a model biological membrane made of azolectin or lecithin. The Langmuir Wilhelmy method was used for the experiments. Based on the compressibility factor, it was determined that the monolayers formed of azolectin and peptides in the aqueous subphase are in the condensed liquid phase. At the boundary between the condensed and expanded liquid phases, there was a monolayer made of lecithin and P4, P5 or P6 in the aqueous subphase. In turn, the film consisting of lecithin alone (37.7 mN/m) and lecithin and P2 (42.6 mN/m) in the water subphase was in the expanded liquid phase. All peptides change, to varying degrees, the organization and packing of molecules in the monolayer, both those made of azolectin and of lecithin. The test results can be used for further research to design a system with the expected properties for specific organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Golonka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50–556 Wrocław, Poland; (I.G.); (J.E.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Jakub E. Pucułek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50–556 Wrocław, Poland; (I.G.); (J.E.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Katarzyna E. Greber
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.E.G.); (W.S.)
| | - Andrzej Dryś
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50–556 Wrocław, Poland; (I.G.); (J.E.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Wiesław Sawicki
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.E.G.); (W.S.)
| | - Witold Musiał
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50–556 Wrocław, Poland; (I.G.); (J.E.P.); (A.D.)
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7
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van der Spek A, Stewart ID, Kühnel B, Pietzner M, Alshehri T, Gauß F, Hysi PG, MahmoudianDehkordi S, Heinken A, Luik AI, Ladwig KH, Kastenmüller G, Menni C, Hertel J, Ikram MA, de Mutsert R, Suhre K, Gieger C, Strauch K, Völzke H, Meitinger T, Mangino M, Flaquer A, Waldenberger M, Peters A, Thiele I, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Dunlop BW, Rosendaal FR, Wareham NJ, Spector TD, Kunze S, Grabe HJ, Mook-Kanamori DO, Langenberg C, van Duijn CM, Amin N. Circulating metabolites modulated by diet are associated with depression. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3874-3887. [PMID: 37495887 PMCID: PMC10730409 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Metabolome reflects the interplay of genome and exposome at molecular level and thus can provide deep insights into the pathogenesis of a complex disease like major depression. To identify metabolites associated with depression we performed a metabolome-wide association analysis in 13,596 participants from five European population-based cohorts characterized for depression, and circulating metabolites using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS) based Metabolon platform. We tested 806 metabolites covering a wide range of biochemical processes including those involved in lipid, amino-acid, energy, carbohydrate, xenobiotic and vitamin metabolism for their association with depression. In a conservative model adjusting for life style factors and cardiovascular and antidepressant medication use we identified 8 metabolites, including 6 novel, significantly associated with depression. In individuals with depression, increased levels of retinol (vitamin A), 1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-GPC (16:0/16:1) (lecithin) and mannitol/sorbitol and lower levels of hippurate, 4-hydroxycoumarin, 2-aminooctanoate (alpha-aminocaprylic acid), 10-undecenoate (11:1n1) (undecylenic acid), 1-linoleoyl-GPA (18:2) (lysophosphatidic acid; LPA 18:2) are observed. These metabolites are either directly food derived or are products of host and gut microbial metabolism of food-derived products. Our Mendelian randomization analysis suggests that low hippurate levels may be in the causal pathway leading towards depression. Our findings highlight putative actionable targets for depression prevention that are easily modifiable through diet interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- SkylineDx B.V., Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maik Pietzner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tahani Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Friederike Gauß
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | | | - Almut Heinken
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karl-Heinz Ladwig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Johannes Hertel
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstrasse 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, PO, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walter-Rathenau Str. 48, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Antonia Flaquer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, IBE-Chair of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Ines Thiele
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
- Division of Microbiology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- APC Microbiome, Ireland, Ireland
| | - Rima Kaddurah-Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute of Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Boadie W Dunlop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, US
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstrasse 1-2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF, Oxford, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF, Oxford, UK.
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8
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Maurício T, Couto D, Lopes D, Conde T, Pais R, Batista J, Melo T, Pinho M, Moreira ASP, Trovão M, Barros A, Cardoso H, Silva J, Domingues P, Domingues MR. Differences and Similarities in Lipid Composition, Nutritional Value, and Bioactive Potential of Four Edible Chlorella vulgaris Strains. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081625. [PMID: 37107420 PMCID: PMC10137388 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The microalga Chlorella vulgaris is a popular food ingredient widely used in the industry, with an increasing market size and value. Currently, several edible strains of C. vulgaris with different organoleptic characteristics are commercialized to meet consumer needs. This study aimed to compare the fatty acid (FA) and lipid profile of four commercialized strains of C. vulgaris (C-Auto, C-Hetero, C-Honey, and C-White) using gas- and liquid-chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry approaches, and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Results showed that C-Auto had a higher lipid content compared to the other strains and higher levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs). However, the C-Hetero, C-Honey, and C-White strains had higher levels of omega-6 PUFAs. The lipidome signature was also different between strains, as C-Auto had a higher content of polar lipids esterified to omega-3 PUFAs, while C-White had a higher content of phospholipids with omega-6 PUFAs. C-Hetero and C-Honey showed a higher content of triacylglycerols. All extracts showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, highlighting C-Auto with greater potential. Overall, the four strains of C. vulgaris can be selectively chosen as a source of added-value lipids to be used as ingredients in food and nutraceutical applications for different market needs and nutritional requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Maurício
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Couto
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Lopes
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Conde
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Pais
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Batista
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marisa Pinho
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana S P Moreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Trovão
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril, 2445-287 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Ana Barros
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril, 2445-287 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Helena Cardoso
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril, 2445-287 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril, 2445-287 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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9
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Guazzotti S, Pagliano C, Dondero F, Manfredi M. Lipidomic Profiling of Rice Bran after Green Solid-Liquid Extractions for the Development of Circular Economy Approaches. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020384. [PMID: 36673474 PMCID: PMC9857567 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran is a rather underutilized by-product of the rice industry that nowadays is far from being valorized. In this study, the lipidomic profile of bran of the Italian rice variety, Roma, has been evaluated through ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Crude lipid extracts were obtained from rice bran treated with different green solvents (1-butanol, ethanol and methyl tert-butyl ether/methanol mixture) in combination with an ultrasonic pre-treatment, and then compared with extracts obtained with standard solvents (chloroform/methanol mixture). Lipid yield, number and type of lipids and composition of prevalent lipid classes extracted were evaluated in order to provide an exhaustive lipid profile of the rice bran and to identify the most efficient green solvent for solid-liquid extractions. Twelve different lipid classes and a maximum of 276 lipids were identified. Ethanol and methyl tert-butyl ether/methanol solvents provided higher lipid extraction yields, the former being the most effective solvent for the extraction of triglycerides and N-acylethanolamines and the latter the most effective for the extraction of diglycerides, phospholipids and ceramides at 4 °C. Moreover, extraction with ethanol at 20 °C gave similar results as at 4 °C in terms of lipid yield and for most of the classes of lipids extracted. Taken together, our results indicate ethanol and methyl tert-butyl ether/methanol as excellent solvents for lipid extraction from rice bran, with the aim to further valorize this food by-product in the perspective of a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Guazzotti
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Lab, Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases—CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Cristina Pagliano
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-013-136-0234
| | - Francesco Dondero
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Lab, Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases—CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy
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10
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Borsatto JVB, Maciel EVS, Cifuentes A, Lanças FM. Online Extraction Followed by LC-MS/MS Analysis of Lipids in Natural Samples: A Proof-of-Concept Profiling Lecithin in Seeds. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020281. [PMID: 36673373 PMCID: PMC9858076 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sample preparation is usually a complex and time-consuming procedure, which can directly affect the quality of the analysis. Recent efforts have been made to establish analytical methods involving minimal sample preparation, automatized and performed online with the analytical techniques. Online Extraction coupled with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (OLE-LC-MS) allows a fully connected extraction, separation, and analysis system. In this work, the lecithin profile was investigated in commercial sunflower, almonds, peanuts, and pistachio seeds to demonstrate that the concept of extraction, followed by the online analysis of the extract, could be applied to analyze this class of analytes in such complex solid matrices without a prior off-line solvent extraction step. The extraction phase gradient method was optimized. Two different analytical columns were explored, one being a conventional C18 (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm SPP) and the other a novel self-packed SIGO-C18ec (100 × 0.5, 5 µm FPP), which resulted in better separation. The analysis repeatability was investigated, and suggestions to improve it were pointed out. A characteristic ion with a m/z of 184, related to lysophosphatidylcholine structure, was used to identify the lecithin compounds. The temperature effect on the chromatograms was also explored. In short, it was found that the OLE-LC-MS approach is suitable for the analysis of lecithin compounds in seeds, being a promising alternative for lipidomics approaches in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- João V. B. Borsatto
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Chemistry at Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 780, Sao Carlos 13566590, Brazil
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edvaldo V. S. Maciel
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Chemistry at Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 780, Sao Carlos 13566590, Brazil
- Clemens Schöpf Institute, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Fernando M. Lanças
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Chemistry at Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 780, Sao Carlos 13566590, Brazil
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11
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Park S, Kim HK. Development of skin-permeable flexible liposome using ergosterol esters containing unsaturated fatty acids. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 250:105270. [PMID: 36493880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ergosterol (Ergo) and cholesterol contribute to performances of liposomes by increasing membrane packing density and physical stability. However, as these sterols can reduce membrane flexibility, they can lower skin permeability of liposomes. We synthesized ergosterol ester (Ergo-Est) containing unsaturated fatty acid different from Ergo in size and physical properties. In this work, we investigated effects of Ergo-Est and Ergo on physical properties of liposomes. We incorporated Ergo, Ergo-oleate (EO18:1), Ergo-linoleate (EL18:2), and Ergo-linolenate (ELn18:3) into the liposomal membrane of egg phosphatidylcholine and soybean lecithin. Ergo-Est did not reduce membrane fluidity as much as Ergo. Nevertheless, Ergo-Est increased membrane packing density and physical stability of liposomes. EL18:2 and ELn18:3 almost maintained membrane flexibility and skin permeability of liposomes, while Ergo significantly reduced them. Skin permeation test demonstrated that EL18:2 and ELn18:3 liposomes permeated to the dermis, whereas Ergo liposome mostly remained in the stratum corneum. This is the first report to show that EL18:2 and ELn18:3 can be efficient sterol compounds for flexible liposome formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyeon Park
- Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kwoun Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Faria Braga E, Monteiro de Rezende Ayroza DM, de Macedo Silva MC, Santiago Nascimento T, Gomes Sanches E, Ferreira do Carmo C, Faria Pereira LP, Mazzei Albert AL, Romão Batista W, Lopes RS, Lopes CC. Synthesis of Lysoglycerophosphocholines from Crude Soybean Lecithins as Sustainable and Non-toxic Antifouling Agents against the Golden Mussel Limnoperna fortunei. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45197-45207. [PMID: 36530239 PMCID: PMC9753535 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to produce, on a multigram scale, a new class of non-toxic, halogen- and metal-free antifouling agents from the abundant lecithin byproducts of industrial soybean oil extraction. Three glycerophospholipid analogues were prepared by a facile methanolysis of crude soybean lecithins and a subsequent solvent-free O-alkylation: lysoglycerophosphocholines (LGPCs) and its ether derivatives O-alkyl lysoglycerophosphocholines (ALPCs). As efficient antiproliferative agents, LGPCs and ALPCs are an eco-friendly alternative to current commercial antifoulants which possess significant toxicity to aquatic life. In situ immersion tests of coated stainless-steel nets with previously incorporated automotive paint products, LGPCs and ALPCs (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, ALPC18, and 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, ALPC16), in an aquaculture reservoir in SP-Brazil revealed significant growth inhibition against macrofouling species, especially the epibiotic golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei), when compared with the control. These results promise a more sustainable and ecologically innocuous approach to combating the biofouling phenomenon and the deeply concerning dissemination of the golden mussel which has provoked an economic crisis in the energy and aquaculture sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Faria Braga
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
| | - Daercy Maria Monteiro de Rezende Ayroza
- Instituto
de Pesca, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia
dos Agronegócios, Av Francisco Matarazzo, 455, Parque da Água Branca, São Paulo05001-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara de Macedo Silva
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
| | - Thiana Santiago Nascimento
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gomes Sanches
- Instituto
de Pesca, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia
dos Agronegócios, Av Francisco Matarazzo, 455, Parque da Água Branca, São Paulo05001-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis Ferreira do Carmo
- Instituto
de Pesca, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia
dos Agronegócios, Av Francisco Matarazzo, 455, Parque da Água Branca, São Paulo05001-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Paula Faria Pereira
- Instituto
de Pesca, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia
dos Agronegócios, Av Francisco Matarazzo, 455, Parque da Água Branca, São Paulo05001-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Luís Mazzei Albert
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
| | - William Romão Batista
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Sabbatini
Capella Lopes
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
| | - Claudio Cerqueira Lopes
- Laboratório
de Síntese e Análise de Produtos Estratégicos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149,
Bloco A, s.508, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21941-909, Brazil
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13
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Klojdová I, Stathopoulos C. W/o/w multiple emulsions: A novel trend in functional ice cream preparations? Food Chem X 2022; 16:100451. [PMID: 36185104 PMCID: PMC9523348 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible applications of w/o/w multiple emulsions (MEs) in ice creams are described. W/o/w MEs enable the encapsulation of sensitive compounds. Fat content is reduced using w/o/w MEs without losing the creaminess of the final products. Ice cream is a very suitable matrix for application of Pickering emulsions.
Ice cream is a popular product worldwide. Unfortunatelly, it contains a significant amount of fat. In this review, promising strategies for the use of w/o/w multiple emulsion structures in creams are assessed. W/o/w multiple emulsions (MEs) enable reduction the fat without losing the creamy taste and mouthfeel and also encapsulation of sensitive compounds. The encouraging application and formation of MEs in ice cream mixtures is supported by the use of natural food ingredients, such as fiber, which helps to stabilize the whole system and improves nutritional value. The future trends may be focused on the target stabilizations using Pickering paticles (PPs). The possible advantages, manufacture, evaluation methods, and predicted future prospects of MEs in ice creams are discussed.
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14
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Gaspar L, Ricardo F, Melo T, Domingues P, Domingues MR, Calado R, Rey F. Lipidomics of common octopus' (Octopus vulgaris) tentacle muscle using untargeted high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Designer phospholipids – structural retrieval, chemo-/bio- synthesis and isotopic labeling. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108025. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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He Y, Du G, Xie S, Long X, He X, Zhu Y, Chen B. The Acaricidal Potential of a New Agent GC16 for Tetranychus pueraricola (Acari: Tetranychidae) Based on Developmental Performance and Physiological Enzyme Activity. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:814-825. [PMID: 35512629 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The spider mite, Tetranychus pueraricola (Ehara & Gotoh; Acari: Tetranychidae), is a serious pest in agriculture and horticulture. Application of chemical pesticides is the main mode of this pest control. Due to pesticide residues and resistance-induced resurgence of pests, there is a need to discover alternatives for spider mite management. GC16 comprises a mixture of calcium chloride (CaCl2, 45%) and lecithin (55%), which was recently found to have acaricidal properties. We evaluated the sublethal effects of GC16 on T. pueraricola using life table and enzyme [catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GST), and Ca2+-ATPase (Ca2+-ATP)] activity assays. The results showed that fecundity of T. pueraricola increased at LC30 but decreased at LC50 of GC16. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of T. pueraricola decreased under the LC30 and LC50 of GC16. GC16 concentration and exposure time significantly influenced the activities of CAT, POD, CarE, GST, and Ca2+-ATP in adult mites. Twelve hours later after the treatment, GST and Ca2+-ATP activities were significantly inhibited by LC30 but enhanced by LC50. Moreover, the demographic parameter r and enzyme activities were negatively correlated. In sum, sublethal amounts of GC16 had an adverse effect on mites, and there was a trade-off between developmental performance and physiological enzyme activity of mites under GC16 stress, and GC16 showed an acaricidal potential for T. pueraricola. This work provides guidance for the application of GC16 to control T. pueraricola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan He
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guangzu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shunxia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoming Long
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Youyong Zhu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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17
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The Insecticidal Efficacy and Physiological Action Mechanism of a Novel Agent GC16 against Tetranychus pueraricola (Acari: Tetranychidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13050433. [PMID: 35621769 PMCID: PMC9146473 DOI: 10.3390/insects13050433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Spider mite is major pest in agriculture and have developed resistance to commonly used pesticides. Therefore, it is urgent to discover new pesticides to control the pest. In order to provide alternatives for its management, we evaluated the effectiveness of a new agent GC16 against the spider mite Tetranychus pueraricola. Then, we preliminarily revealed the its acaricidal mechanism of action based on the damage of cuticle and organelles of mites. We confirmed that GC16 has a good controlling effect on T. pueraricola and it is not harmful to Picromerus lewisi and Harmonia axyridis. Our research provides not only an alternative pesticide for the management of spider mites, but also guidance for the application of GC16 in sustainable agriculture. Abstract Chemical control plays a crucial role in pest management but has to face challenges due to insect resistance. It is important to discover alternatives to traditional pesticides. The spider mite Tetranychus pueraricola (Ehara & Gotoh) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major agricultural pest that causes severe damage to many crops. GC16 is a new agent that consists of a mixture of Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and lecithin. To explore the acaricidal effects and mode of action of GC16 against T. pueraricola, bioassays, cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed. GC16 had lethal effects on the eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults of T. pueraricola, caused the mites to dehydrate and inactivate, and inhibited the development of eggs. GC16 displayed contact toxicity rather than stomach toxicity through the synergistic effects of CaCl2 with lecithin. Cryo-SEM analysis revealed that GC16 damaged T. pueraricola by disordering the array of the cuticle layer crest. Mitochondrial abnormalities were detected by TEM in mites treated by GC16. Overall, GC16 had the controlling efficacy on T. pueraricola by cuticle penetration and mitochondria dysfunction and had no effects on Picromerus lewisi and Harmonia axyridis, indicating that GC16 is likely a new eco-friendly acaricide.
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18
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Production of a High-Phosphatidylserine Lecithin That Synergistically Inhibits Lipid Oxidation with α-Tocopherol in Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Foods 2022; 11:foods11071014. [PMID: 35407101 PMCID: PMC8997968 DOI: 10.3390/foods11071014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) was shown to work synergistically with tocopherols to extend the shelf life of oil-in-water emulsions. However, the high cost of PS prevents it from being used as a food additive. This work investigated the potential use of a high-PS enzyme-modified lecithin to be used along with α-tocopherol to extend the lag phase of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized using Tween 20. Phospholipase D from Streptomyces sp. and L-serine were used to modify lecithin to increase the PS concentration. Enzyme activity was optimized as a function of pH and temperature using high-phosphatidylcholine (PC) soybean, sunflower, or egg lecithins. Under optimal conditions, the final PS concentrations were 92.0 ± 0.01%, 88.0 ± 0.01%, and 63.0 ± 0.02% for high-PC soybean, sunflower, and egg lecithins, respectively. α-Tocopherol (3.0 µmol/kg emulsion) alone increased the lag phase of hydroperoxide and hexanal lag phases by 3 and 4 days compared to the control. Phospholipase-D-modified high-PS soy lecithin increased hydroperoxide and hexanal lag phases by 3 and 4 days, respectively. The addition of phospholipase-D-modified high-PS sunflower and egg lecithin did not have any considerable effects on lag phases compared to the control. The combination of phospholipase-D-modified high-PS lecithins (15.0 µmol/kg emulsion) and α-tocopherol (3.0 µmol/kg emulsion) increased the antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol, increasing the hydroperoxide and hexanal lag phase by 6 and 9 days for soy, 5 and 7 days for sunflower, and 4 and 6 days for egg lecithin, respectively. All phospholipase-D-modified high-PS lecithin−tocopherol combinations resulted in synergistic antioxidant activity (interaction index > 1.0), except for α-tocopherol and high-PS egg lecithin, which showed an additive effect. This research showed that the combination of enzyme-modified high-PS lecithin and α-tocopherol could be an effective and commercially viable clean label antioxidant strategy to control lipid oxidation in emulsions.
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19
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Sahu D, Bharti D, Kim D, Sarkar P, Pal K. Variations in Microstructural and Physicochemical Properties of Candelilla Wax/Rice Bran Oil-Derived Oleogels Using Sunflower Lecithin and Soya Lecithin. Gels 2021; 7:226. [PMID: 34842726 PMCID: PMC8628760 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Candelilla wax (CW) is a well-known oleogelator that displays tremendous oil-structuring potential. Lecithin acts as a crystal modifier due to its potential to alter the shape and size of the fat crystals by interacting with the wax molecules. The proposed work is an attempt to understand the impact of differently sourced lecithin, such as sunflower lecithin (SFL) and soya lecithin (SYL), on the various physicochemical properties of CW and rice bran oil (RBO) oleogels. The yellowish-white appearance of all samples and other effects of lecithin on the appearance of oleogels were initially quantified by using CIELab color parameters. The microstructural visualization confirmed grainy and globular fat structures of varied size, density, packing, and brightness. Samples made by using 5 mg of SFL (Sf5) and 1 mg of SYL (Sy1) in 20 g showed bright micrographs consisting of fat structures with better packing that might have been due to the improvised crystallinity in the said samples. The FTIR spectra of the prepared samples displayed no significant differences in the molecular interactions among the samples. Additionally, the slow crystallization kinetics of Sf5 and Sy1 correlated with better crystal packing and fewer crystal defects. The DSC endotherm displayed two peaks for melting corresponding to the melting of different molecular components of CW. However, all the formulations showed a characteristic crystallization peak at ~40 °C. The structural reorganization and crystal growth due to the addition of lecithin affected its mechanical property significantly. The spreadability test among all prepared oleogels showed better spreadable properties for Sf5 and Sy1 oleogel. The inclusion of lecithin in oleogels has demonstrated an enhancement in oleogel properties that allows them to be included in various food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblu Sahu
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India; (D.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Deepti Bharti
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India; (D.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Doman Kim
- Department of International Agricultural Technology & Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151747, Gwangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Preetam Sarkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India;
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India; (D.S.); (D.B.)
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20
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Allegretti C, Bono A, D'Arrigo P, Gatti FG, Marzorati S, Rossato LAM, Serra S, Strini A, Tessaro D. Exploitation of Soybean Oil Acid Degumming Waste: Biocatalytic Synthesis of High Value Phospholipids. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Allegretti
- Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano p.zza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Andrea Bono
- Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano p.zza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Paola D'Arrigo
- Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano p.zza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche“Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR) via Luigi Mancinelli 7 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Francesco G. Gatti
- Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano p.zza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Stefano Marzorati
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche“Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR) via Luigi Mancinelli 7 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Letizia A. M. Rossato
- Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano p.zza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Stefano Serra
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche“Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR) via Luigi Mancinelli 7 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Alberto Strini
- Istituto per le Tecnologie della Costruzione Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ITC-CNR) via Lombardia 49 San Giuliano Milanese MI 20098 Italy
| | - Davide Tessaro
- Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano p.zza L. da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy
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21
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Lu N, Wang J, Chen Z, Zhang X, Chen C, Wang S. The effect of adding phospholipids before homogenization on the properties of milk fat globules. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Semproli R, Robescu MS, Cambò M, Mema K, Bavaro T, Rabuffetti M, Ubiali D, Speranza G. Chemical and Enzymatic Approaches to Esters of
sn
‐Glycero‐3‐Phosphoric Acid. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Semproli
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Viale Taramelli, 12 I-27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Marina S. Robescu
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Viale Taramelli, 12 I-27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Mattia Cambò
- Department of Chemistry University of Milano Via Golgi, 19 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Klodiana Mema
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Viale Taramelli, 12 I-27100 Pavia Italy
- Consorzio Italbiotec Piazza della Trivulziana 4/A 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Viale Taramelli, 12 I-27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Marco Rabuffetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Milano Via Golgi, 19 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Daniela Ubiali
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Viale Taramelli, 12 I-27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Giovanna Speranza
- Department of Chemistry University of Milano Via Golgi, 19 I-20133 Milano Italy
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23
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Kim IS, Kim CH, Yang WS. Physiologically Active Molecules and Functional Properties of Soybeans in Human Health-A Current Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4054. [PMID: 33920015 PMCID: PMC8071044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing nutrients, food can help prevent and treat certain diseases. In particular, research on soy products has increased dramatically following their emergence as functional foods capable of improving blood circulation and intestinal regulation. In addition to their nutritional value, soybeans contain specific phytochemical substances that promote health and are a source of dietary fiber, phospholipids, isoflavones (e.g., genistein and daidzein), phenolic acids, saponins, and phytic acid, while serving as a trypsin inhibitor. These individual substances have demonstrated effectiveness in preventing chronic diseases, such as arteriosclerosis, cardiac diseases, diabetes, and senile dementia, as well as in treating cancer and suppressing osteoporosis. Furthermore, soybean can affect fibrinolytic activity, control blood pressure, and improve lipid metabolism, while eliciting antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antibacterial effects. In this review, rather than to improve on the established studies on the reported nutritional qualities of soybeans, we intend to examine the physiological activities of soybeans that have recently been studied and confirm their potential as a high-functional, well-being food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Korea
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24
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Abstract
Seaweed-based cosmetics are being gradually used by consumers as a substitute of synthetic equivalent products. These seaweed-based products normally contain purified compounds or extracts with several compounds. Several seaweeds’ molecules already demonstrated a high potential as a cosmetic active ingredient (such as, mycosporine-like amino acids, fucoidan, pigments, phenolic compounds) or as a key element for the products consistency (agar, alginate, carrageenan). Moreover, seaweeds’ compounds present important qualities for cosmetic application, such as low cytotoxicity and low allergens content. However, seaweeds’ biochemical profile can be variable, and the extraction methods can cause the loss of some of the biomolecules. This review gives a general look at the seaweed cosmetics benefits and its current application in the cosmetic industry. Moreover, it focuses on the ecological and sustainable scope of seaweed exploitation to guarantee a safe source of ingredients for the cosmetic industry and consumers.
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25
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Lisovaya E, Viktorova E, Zhane M, Vorobyova O, Velikanova E. Research of the chemical composition peculiarities of food additives – vegetable lecithins for the development of methods for assessing their quality. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213406009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lecithins are widely used in the food industry as food additives. In this regard, the requirements for the lecithins quality are quite high, and the development of the rapid determination methods of their quality indicators, including the acid value, is an urgent task. The article presents research of the peculiarities of vegetable lecithins chemical composition for the development of a method for determining their acid value using the pulsed nuclear magnetic relaxation (NMR) method. It was found that the studied lecithins differ significantly in the content of individual phospholipid groups exhibiting acidic properties. As a result of the research of the fatty acid composition of the lecithins acetone-soluble fractions, it was found that the highest total content of monounsaturated fatty acids is a characteristic of sunflower oleic type lecithins (81.3 %) and rapeseed lecithins (66.3 %), and polyunsaturated fatty acids – sunflower linoleic type lecithins (63.6 %) and soybean lecithins (67.7 %). Researches of the NMR characteristics of lecithins with the introduction of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) have been carried out. It was found that the redistribution of component composition in the “lecithin-CCl4” system occurs at different ratios for each type of lecithin, which is due to their chemical composition peculiarities.
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