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Jang HJ, Yun G, Shim H, Hwang SY, Kim SY, Kim J, Jung H, Khan MM, Sohn Y. Ultraviolet Light-Assisted Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulant 2-Chloroethyl Phenyl Sulfide on Metal-Loaded TiO 2 /Ti Surfaces. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202300246. [PMID: 38377228 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of ultraviolet (UV) light for the decontamination of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has gained recognition as an effective method, especially for treating hard-to-reach areas where wet chemical methods are impractical. In this study, TiO2 /Ti was employed as a model catalyst, which was contaminated with 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (CEPS), and subjected to photocatalytic decontamination using both UVB and UVC light. Additionally, photocatalytic decontamination efficiency by introducing Au, Pt, and Cu onto the TiO2 /Ti surface was explored. During the photodecomposition process under UVC light, at least eight distinct secondary byproducts were identified. It was observed that the introduction of overlayer metals did not significantly enhance the photodecomposition under UVC light instead overlaid Au exhibited substantially improved activity under UVB light. Whereas, photodecomposition process under UVB light, only five secondary products were detected, including novel compounds with sulfoxide and sulfone functional groups. This novel study offers valuable insights into the generation of secondary products and sheds light on the roles of overlayer metals and photon wavelength in the photodecontamination process of CWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ji Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Huieun Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Young Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoo Jung
- Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Mansoob Khan
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Youngku Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
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Pal S, Padmanabhan SK, Kaitheri A, Epifani M, Licciulli A. Efficient Solar Light Photocatalyst Made of Ag 3PO 4 Coated TiO 2-SiO 2 Microspheres. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:588. [PMID: 36770549 PMCID: PMC9921011 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Solar light active photocatalyst was prepared as silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) coating on titania-silica (TiO2-SiO2) microspheres. Titania-silica microsphere was obtained by spray drying TiO2-SiO2 colloidal solutions, whereas Ag3PO4 was applied by wet impregnation. XRD on the granules and SEM analysis show that the silver phosphate particles cover the surface of the titania-silica microspheres, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance analysis highlights that Ag3PO4/TiO2-SiO2 composites can absorb the entire visible light spectrum. BET measurements show higher specific surface area of the composite samples compared to bare Ag3PO4. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by dye degradation tests under solar light irradiation. The prepared catalysts follow a pseudo-first-order rate law for dye degradation tests under solar light irradiation. The composite catalysts with an Ag3PO4/TiO2-SiO2 ratio of 1:1.6 wt% show better catalytic activity towards both rhodamine B and methylene blue degradation and compared with the results with uncoated TiO2-SiO2 microspheres and the benchmark commercial TiO2 (Evonik-P25) as a reference. The composite photocatalyst showed exceptional efficiency compared to its pristine counterparts and reference material. This is explained as having a higher surface area with optimum light absorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipto Pal
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Amruth Kaitheri
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Epifani
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, IMM-CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Licciulli
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR Nanotec, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Lou M, Bayles A, Everitt HO, Halas NJ. Selective Photodetoxification of a Sulfur Mustard Simulant Using Plasmonic Aluminum Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7699-7705. [PMID: 36073653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures have attracted increasing interest in the fields of photochemistry and photocatalysis for their ability to enhance reactivity and tune reaction selectivity, a benefit of their strong interactions with light and their multiple energy decay mechanisms. Here we introduce the use of earth-abundant plasmonic aluminum nanoparticles as a promising renewable detoxifier of the sulfur mustard simulant 2-chloroethylethylsulfide through gas phase photodecomposition. Analysis of the decomposition products indicates that C-S bond breaking is facilitated under illumination, while C-Cl breaking and HCl elimination are favored under thermocatalytic (dark) conditions. This difference in reaction pathways illuminates the potential of plasmonic nanoparticles to tailor reaction selectivity toward less hazardous products in the detoxification of chemical warfare agents. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the Al nanoparticles can be regenerated almost completely after the reaction concludes through a simple surface treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory of Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Aaron Bayles
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory of Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Henry O Everitt
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory of Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Naomi J Halas
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory of Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Sun Y, Feng B, Li Q, Tian C, Ma L, Li Z. The Application of Bi‐Doped TiO
2
for the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Sun
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Bowen Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Qianchen Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Tian
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Zongzhe Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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Giles SL, Kastl AM, Purdy AP, Leff AC, Ratchford DC, Maza WA, Baturina OA. Surface- and Structural-Dependent Reactivity of Titanium Oxide Nanostructures with 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide under Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:9655-9666. [PMID: 35134290 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Robust materials capable of heterogeneous reactivity are valuable for addressing toxic chemical clean up. Synthetic manipulations for generating titanium oxide nanomaterials have been utilized to alter both photochemical (1000 nm > λ > 400 nm) and chemical heterogeneous reactivity with 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES). Synthesizing TiO2 nanomaterials in the presence of long-chain alkylphosphonic acids enhanced the visible light-driven oxidation of the thioether sulfur of 2-CEES. Photooxidation reaction rates of 99 and 168 μmol/g/h (quantum yields of 5.07 × 10-4 and 8.58 × 10-4 molecules/photon, respectively) were observed for samples made with two different alkylphosphonic acids (C14H29PO3H2 and C9H19PO3H2, respectively). These observations are correlated with (i) generation of new surface defects/states (i.e., oxygen vacancies) as a result of TiO2 grafting by alkylphosphonic acid that may serve as reaction active sites, (ii) better light absorption by assemblies of nanorods and nanowires in comparison to individual nanorods, (iii) surface area differences, and (iv) the exclusion of OH groups due to the surface functionalization with alkylphosphonic acids via Ti-O-P bonds on the TiO2. Alternatively, nanowire-form H2Ti2O5·H2O was produced and found to be capable of highly efficient hydrolysis of the carbon-chlorine (C-Cl) bond of 2-CEES in the dark with a reaction rate of 279.2 μmol/g/h due to the high surface area and chemical nature of the titanate structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer L Giles
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Anastasia M Kastl
- NREIP Intern, Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Andrew P Purdy
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Asher C Leff
- Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
- General Technical Services, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Daniel C Ratchford
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - William A Maza
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Olga A Baturina
- Chemistry Division, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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Characterization, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic Analysis and Photocatalytic Activity of Co/Zn Co-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by One-Step Sonochemical Process. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel one-step preparation of sonochemical method was applied to synthesize Co/Zn co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles using a sonicator of 750 W, 20 kHz for 30 min at room temperature. The formation of the anatase TiO2 phase for all as-prepared samples was observed from XRD results with a crystalline size in nanoscale. The use of ultrasound allowed for the successful doping of both Co and Zn into the TiO2 lattice, which was confirmed by Synchrotron light including X-ray near edge structure (XANES) and Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Ti K-edge, Co K-edge, and Zn K-edge XANES spectra exhibited the dominating +4, +2, and +2 valence state of Ti, Co, and Zn in as-prepared samples, respectively. A detailed XANES and EXAFS data analysis give strong evidence that the Co/Zn dopants partially replace the Ti atom of the TiO2 host. The Co/Zn co-doping extends the light absorption of the host to the visible region and restricts the e+/h+ recombination. The photocatalytic activity of samples was tested for degradation of Rhodamine B dye solution under visible light irradiation. The as-synthesized of the co-doped catalyst was presented as highly efficient, with 2.5 and 5 times dye degradation compared with single-doped and bare TiO2.
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