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Álvarez-Ayuso E, Murciego A, Rodríguez MA, Fernández-Pozo L, Cabezas J, Naranjo-Gómez JM, Mosser-Ruck R. Antimony distribution and mobility in different types of waste derived from the exploitation of stibnite ore deposits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151566. [PMID: 34758344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastes derived from the exploitation of stibnite ore deposits were studied to determine their mineralogical, chemical, and environmental characteristics and establish the Sb distribution and the current and long-term risks of Sb mobilization. Representative samples of mine waste rocks, mine tailings, and smelting waste were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, polarized light microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and digestion, leaching, and extraction procedures. The main Sb-bearing minerals and phases identified in the smelting waste were natrojarosite, iron (oxyhydr)oxides, mixtures of iron and antimony (oxyhydr)oxides, and tripuhyite; those in the mine tailings and mine waste rocks were iron (oxyhydr)oxides and/or mixtures of iron and antimony (oxyhydr)oxides. Iron (oxyhydr)oxides and natrojarosite had high Sb contents, with maximum values of 16.51 and 9.63 wt% Sb2O5, respectively. All three types of waste were characterized as toxic; the mine waste rocks and mine tailings would require pretreatment to decrease their leachable Sb content before they would be acceptable at hazardous waste landfills. Relatively little of the Sb was in desorbable forms, which accounted for <0.01 and <0.8% of the total Sb content in the smelting waste and mine waste rocks/mine tailings, respectively. Under reducing conditions, further Sb mobilization from mine waste rocks and mine tailings could occur (up to 4.6 and 3.3% of the total content, respectively), considerably increasing the risk that Sb will be introduced into the surroundings. Although the smelting waste had the highest total Sb content, it showed the lowest risk of Sb release under different environmental conditions. The significant Fe levels in the smelting waste facilitated the formation of various Fe compounds that greatly decreased the Sb mobilization from these wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Álvarez-Ayuso
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, IRNASA (CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - A Murciego
- Department of Geology, Salamanca University, Plza. de los Caídos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M A Rodríguez
- Department of Environmental Resources Analysis, Extremadura University, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - L Fernández-Pozo
- Department of Environmental Resources Analysis, Extremadura University, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - J Cabezas
- Department of Environmental Resources Analysis, Extremadura University, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - J M Naranjo-Gómez
- Agricultural School, Extremadura University, Avda. de Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - R Mosser-Ruck
- Georessources UMR 7359 CNRS-UL, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54506 Cedex, France
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Arulmani SRB, Dai J, Li H, Chen Z, Sun W, Zhang H, Yan J, Kandasamy S, Xiao T. Antimony reduction by a non-conventional sulfate reducer with simultaneous bioenergy production in microbial fuel cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132754. [PMID: 34798109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental toxicity of antimony (Sb) is significantly increased through the widespread industrial application. The extended release of Sb above the regulatory level became a risk to humans habituated in the ecosystem. Conventional methods to remediate Sb demand high energy or resource input, which further leads to secondary pollution. The bio-electrochemical system offers a promising bioremediation strategy to remove or reduce toxic heavy metals. Thus, this research explores the possibilities of simultaneous metal sulfide (MeS) precipitation and electricity production using a full biological Microbial fuel cell (MFC). A non-conventional sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) Citrobacter freundii SR10 was used for this investigation, where the MFC was operated for lactate utilization in the bio-anode and Sb reduction at the bio-cathode. This study observed 81% of coulombic efficiency (bio-anode) and 97% of sulfate reduction with 99.3% Sb (V) reduction (bio-cathode), and it was concluded that the MeS precipitation entirely depends on sulfide concentration via SR10 sulfate reduction. The MFC-SR10 offers a maximum power density of 1652.9 ± 32.1 mW/m3, and their performance was depicted using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The Sb reduction was evaluated through fluorescence spectroscopy, and the Sb (V) MeS precipitation was confirmed as stibnite (Sb2S3) by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the matured anodic and cathodic biofilm formation was confirmed by Scanning electron microscopy with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Thus the MFC with SRB bio-cathode can be used as an alternative to simultaneously remove sulfate and Sb from the wastewater with electricity production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Raj Babu Arulmani
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Junxi Dai
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhenxin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Weimin Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Hongguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Jia Yan
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Zhang X, Guo Y, Xie N, Guo R, Wang Y, Hu ZN, Xu W, Ai Y, Gao J, Wang J, Liang Q, Niu D, Sun HB, Qi Y. Ternary NiFeMnOx compounds for adsorption of antimony and subsequent application in energy storage to avoid secondary pollution. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Frau F, Atzori R, Ardau C, Medas D, Podda F, Dore E, Idini A, Tempesta G, Agrosì G. A two-step pH control method to remove divalent metals from near-neutral mining and metallurgical waste drainages by inducing the formation of layered double hydroxide. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 271:111043. [PMID: 32778321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A neutral M2+-rich and M3+-poor (M = metal) metallurgical waste drainage was used to test a metal removal method based on the precipitation of layered double hydroxide (LDH). The LDH precipitation was induced by adding a salt of Al3+ (trivalent metal missing in the drainage) and maintaining or restoring the pH to a circum-neutral value. The precipitates were characterized by chemical analysis, XRD, ESEM, HRTEM and XAS. The main parameter controlling the removal of metals and the type of precipitate appeared to be the pH. As a function of pH variation during the experiments, analyses of precipitates and solutions showed either the formation of poor crystalline LDH combined with very high removal of Zn, Ni and Pb (92-100%), more variable removal of Mn (46-98%) and less Cd (33-40%), or the formation of more crystalline LDH combined with lower removal of Zn (62%), Mn (43%), Ni (88%), Pb (64%) and especially Cd (1%). The different metal removal efficiency in the two cases is only indirectly due to the different LDH crystallinity, and it is clearly affected by the following factors: 1) the two pH steps of the method; 2) the direction of pH variation within each step. In particular, the highest removal of metals is obtained when the first pH step goes towards acidic conditions, as a consequence of Al salt addition, and precipitation of a quasi-amorphous hydrated hydroxysulfate of Al (probably a precursor of felsӧbányaite Al4(SO4)(OH)10 · 4H2O) occurs. This first acidic pH step removes little or no metals (just 0-3%) but it is essential so that the second pH step towards slightly alkaline conditions, as a consequence of NaOH addition, can be highly efficient in removing divalent metals as the quasi-amorphous hydrated hydroxysulfate of Al gradually turns into an LDH incorporating Zn, Mg and other metals. On the contrary, when both pH steps remain in the neutral-alkaline range, only LDH precipitation occurs and a lower metal removal is observed. These results encourage further investigations on the removal of metals by inducing LDH precipitation as a simple and effective method for the treatment of circum-neutral polluted drainages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Frau
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Roberta Atzori
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carla Ardau
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Medas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Podda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dore
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Idini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Tempesta
- Department of Earth and Geoenvironmental Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Agrosì
- Department of Earth and Geoenvironmental Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Layered Double Hydroxides for Remediation of Industrial Wastewater from a Galvanic Plant. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10060443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their structure, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are nowadays considered as rising materials in different fields of application. In this work, the results obtained in the usage of two different LDHs to remove, by adsorption, some cationic and anionic pollutants from industrial wastewater are reported. The two compounds MgAl-CO3 and NiAl-NO3 have been prepared through a hydrothermal synthesis process and then characterized by means of PXRD, TGA, FESEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. The available wastewater, supplied by a galvanic treatment company, has been analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), resulting as being polluted by Fe(III), Cu(II), and Cr(VI). The water treatment with the two LDHs showed that chromate is more efficiently removed by the NiAl LDH through an exchange with the interlayer nitrate. On the contrary, copper and iron cations are removed in higher amounts by the MgAl LDH, probably through a substitution with Mg, even if sorption on the OH− functional groups, surface complexation, and/or precipitation of small amounts of metal hydroxides on the surface of the MgAl LDH could not be completely excluded. Possible applications of the two combined LDHs are also proposed.
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Mineralogy and Zn Chemical Speciation in a Soil-Plant System from a Metal-Extreme Environment: A Study on Helichrysum microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum (Campo Pisano Mine, SW Sardinia, Italy). MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination due to human activities is a worldwide problem that has led to the development of different remediation techniques, including biotechnological approaches such as phytoextraction and phytostabilization. These techniques take advantage of pioneer plants that naturally develop tolerance mechanisms to survive in extreme environments. A multi-technique and multi-disciplinary approach was applied for the investigation of Helichrysum microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum samples, bulk soil, and rhizospheres collected from a metal-extreme environment (Zn-Pb mine of Campo Pisano, SW Sardinia, Italy). Zinc, Pb, and Cd are the most abundant metals, with Zn attaining 3 w/w% in the rhizosphere solid materials, inducing oxidative stress in the roots as revealed by infrared microspectroscopy (IR). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical analysis coupled with synchrotron radiation-based (SR) techniques demonstrate that quartz, dolomite, and weddellite biominerals precipitate in roots, stems, and leaves, likely as a response to environmental stress. In the rhizosphere, Zn chemical speciation is mainly related to the Zn ore minerals (smithsonite and hydrozincite) whereas, in plant tissues, Zn is primarily bound to organic compounds such as malate, cysteine, and histidine molecules that act as metal binders and, eventually, detoxification agents for the Zn excess. These findings suggest that H. microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum has developed its own adaptation strategy to survive in polluted substrates, making it a potential candidate for phytostabilization aimed at mitigating the dispersion of metals in the surrounding areas.
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Synthesis of MgFe Layered Double Hydroxide from Iron-Containing Acidic Residual Solution and Its Adsorption Performance. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents a new method of layered double hydroxide (LDH) synthesis starting from secondary sources, namely acidic residual solutions. The iron content of the acidic solution resulting from the pickling step of the hot-dip galvanizing process make it suitable to be used as an iron precursor in LDH synthesis. Here, Mg4Fe–LDH synthesized through the newly proposed method presented structural and morphological characteristics similar to the properties of layered double hydroxides synthesized from analytical-grade reagents. Moreover, the as-synthesized LDH and its calcined product presented efficient adsorption properties in the removal process of Mo(VI) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption studies are discussed from the equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic points of view. The proposed novel technologies present both economic and environmental protection benefits.
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