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Treadaway KD, Hale RE. Hatching plasticity is associated with a more advanced stage at hatching in an Ambystoma with terrestrial eggs. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11160. [PMID: 38505175 PMCID: PMC10948370 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hatching plasticity allows animals to initiate hatching in response to environmental cues including predation, flooding, and hypoxia. In species with terrestrial eggs but aquatic larvae, hatching plasticity often manifests as extended development of embryos when water is not available. Although these effects are taxonomically widespread, little attention has focused on differences in plasticity across closely related species with terrestrial and aquatic embryos. We propose that the terrestrial embryonic environment favors slower and prolonged development and, consequently, that we should see differences in development between closely related species that differ in where they lay their eggs. We test this hypothesis by comparing embryonic development between two mole salamanders, Ambystoma opacum and A. annulatum. Most Ambystoma lay eggs submerged in ponds but A. opacum lays its eggs on land, where hatching is triggered when eggs are submerged by rising pond levels. Embryos of both species were reared under common laboratory conditions simulating both aquatic and terrestrial nest sites. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that A. opacum embryos exhibited slower development and took longer to hatch than A. annulatum embryos in both rearing environments. Furthermore, we observed in A. opacum a plasticity in hatching stage that was absent in A. annulatum. Our results indicate that the terrestrial-laying A. opacum has evolved slower and prolonged development relative to its aquatic-laying congener and suggest that embryonic survival in the unpredictable terrestrial environment may be facilitated by developmental plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca E. Hale
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of North Carolina AshevilleAshevilleNorth CarolinaUSA
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2
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Hue T, Chateau O, Lecellier G, Kayal M, Lanos N, Gossuin H, Adjeroud M, Dumas P. Temperature affects the reproductive outputs of coral-eating starfish Acanthaster spp. after adult exposure to near-future ocean warming and acidification. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105164. [PMID: 33099079 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of the coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster spp. (COTS) have become to be amongst the most severe threats to coral reefs worldwide. Although most research has focused on COTS early development, it remains unclear how COTS populations will keep pace with changing ocean conditions. Since reproduction is a key process contributing to outbreaks, we investigated the reproductive success of adult COTS acclimated for 3-4 months to different treatment combinations of ambient conditions, ocean warming (+2 °C) and acidification (-0.35 pH). Our results suggest that the optimal breeding season in New Caledonia is concentrated around the end of the calendar year, when water temperature reaches >26 °C. We found negative effects of temperature on egg metrics, fertilisation success, and GSI, conflicting with previously documented effects of temperature on echinoderm reproductive outputs. Fertilisation success dropped drastically (more than threefold) with elevated temperature during the late breeding season. In contrast, we detected no effects of near-future acidification conditions on fertilisation success nor GSI. This is the first time that COTS reproduction is compared among individuals acclimated to different conditions of warming and acidification. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for adult exposure to better understand how COTS reproduction may be impacted in the face of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hue
- IRD, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, BP A5, Noumea, New Caledonia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "Corail", 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France.
| | - Olivier Chateau
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Aquarium des lagons, 98807, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Gael Lecellier
- IRD, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, BP A5, Noumea, New Caledonia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "Corail", 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France; Université de Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Mohsen Kayal
- IRD, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, BP A5, Noumea, New Caledonia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "Corail", 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Noeline Lanos
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Aquarium des lagons, 98807, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Hugues Gossuin
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Aquarium des lagons, 98807, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Mehdi Adjeroud
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "Corail", 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France; UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, IRD, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Perpignan, France; PSL Université Paris, USR 3278 CRIOBE, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, Perpignan, France
| | - Pascal Dumas
- IRD, UMR 9220 ENTROPIE, BP A5, Noumea, New Caledonia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "Corail", 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
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Matthews SA, Mellin C, Pratchett MS. Larval connectivity and water quality explain spatial distribution of crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks across the Great Barrier Reef. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2020; 87:223-258. [PMID: 33293012 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of the coral eating crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS; Acanthasts cf. solaris) occur in cyclical waves along the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), contributing significantly to the decline in hard coral cover over the past 30 years. One main difficulty faced by scientists and managers alike, is understanding the relative importance of contributing factors to COTS outbreaks such as increased nutrients and water quality, larval connectivity, fishing pressure, and abiotic conditions. We analysed COTS abundances from the most recent outbreak (2010-2018) using both boosted regression trees and generalised additive models to identify key predictors of COTS outbreaks. We used this approach to predict the suitability of each reef on the GBR for COTS outbreaks at three different levels: (1) reefs with COTS present intermittently (Presence); (2) reefs with COTS widespread and present in most samples and (Prevalence) (3) reefs experiencing outbreak levels of COTS (Outbreak). We also compared the utility of two auto-covariates accounting for spatial autocorrelation among observations, built using weighted inverse distance and weighted larval connectivity to reefs supporting COTS populations, respectively. Boosted regression trees (BRT) and generalised additive mixed models (GAMM) were combined in an ensemble model to reduce the effect of model uncertainty on predictions of COTS presence, prevalence and outbreaks. Our results from best performing models indicate that temperature (Degree Heating Week exposure: relative importance=13.1%) and flood plume exposure (13.0%) are the best predictors of COTS presence, variability in chlorophyll concentration (12.6%) and flood plume exposure (8.2%) best predicted COTS prevalence and larval connectivity potential (22.7%) and minimum sea surface temperature (8.0%) are the best predictors of COTS outbreaks. Whether the reef was open or closed to fishing, however, had no significant effect on either COTS presence, prevalence or outbreaks in BRT results (<0.5%). We identified major hotspots of COTS activity primarily on the mid shelf central GBR and on the southern Swains reefs. This study provides the first empirical comparison of the major hypotheses of COTS outbreaks and the first validated predictions of COTS outbreak potential at the GBR scale incorporating connectivity, nutrients, biophysical and spatial variables, providing a useful aid to management of this pest species on the GBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Matthews
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
| | - C Mellin
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Morgan S Pratchett
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Servili A, Canario AVM, Mouchel O, Muñoz-Cueto JA. Climate change impacts on fish reproduction are mediated at multiple levels of the brain-pituitary-gonad axis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 291:113439. [PMID: 32061640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have generated rapid variations in atmospheric composition which drives major climate changes. Climate change related effects include changes in physico-chemical proprieties of sea and freshwater, such as variations in water temperature, salinity, pH/pCO2 and oxygen content, which can impact fish critical physiological functions including reproduction. In this context, the main aim of the present review is to discuss how climate change related effects (variation in water temperature and salinity, increases in duration and frequency of hypoxia events, water acidification) would impact reproduction by affecting the neuroendocrine axis (brain-pituitary-gonad axis). Variations in temperature and photoperiod regimes are known to strongly affect sex differentiation and the timing and phenology of spawning period in several fish species. Temperature mainly acts at the level of gonad by interfering with steroidogenesis, (notably on gonadal aromatase activity) and gametogenesis. Temperature is also directly involved in the quality of released gametes and embryos development. Changes in salinity or water acidification are especially associated with reduction of sperm quality and reproductive output. Hypoxia events are able to interact with gonad steroidogenesis by acting on the steroids precursor cholesterol availability or directly on aromatase action, with an impact on the quality of gametes and reproductive success. Climate change related effects on water parameters likely influence also the reproductive behavior of fish. Although the precise mechanisms underlying the regulation of these effects are not always understood, in this review we discuss different hypothesis and propose future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Servili
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
| | - Adelino V M Canario
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Olivier Mouchel
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzane, France
| | - José Antonio Muñoz-Cueto
- Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR, Department of Biology, University of Cádiz, Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3) and European University of the Seas (SEA-EU), E11510 Puerto Real, Spain
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Moniruzzaman M, Mukherjee J, Jacquin L, Mukherjee D, Mitra P, Ray S, Chakraborty SB. Physiological and behavioural responses to acid and osmotic stress and effects of Mucuna extract in Guppies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:37-46. [PMID: 30031943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Variation in pH (acidification) and salinity conditions have severe impact at different levels of biological organization in fish. Present study focused to assess the effects of acidification and salinity changes on physiological stress responses at three different levels of function: i) hormonal and oxidative response, ii) osmoregulation and iii) reproduction, in order to identify relevant biomarkers. Second objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of plant (Mucuna pruriens) extract for alleviating pH and salinity related stress. Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) were exposed to different pH (6.0, 5.5, 5.0) and salinity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 ppt) for 7, 14 and 21 days. Following exposure to stress for respective duration, fish were fed diet containing methanol extract of Mucuna seeds (dose 0.80 gm/kg feed) for 7, 14 and 21 days to measure their possible recovery response. Stress hormone (cortisol), hepatic oxidative stress parameters [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GRd), glutathione peroxidise (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH)], gill osmoregulatory response (Na+-K+ATPase activity), sex steroid profiles and mating behaviours (gonopodial thrust and gestation period) were estimated. Cortisol and MDA levels increased with dose and duration of acid and salinity stress, and cortisol levels were higher in males than in females. Effect on Na+-K+ATPase activity was more intense by salinity stress rather than pH induced stress. Both acid and salinity stress reduced sex steroid levels, and mating response was highly affected by both stresses in a dose- and duration-dependent manner. Mucuna treatment reduced stress-induced alteration of cortisol, MDA, Na+-K+ATPase activity and reproductive parameters. Dietary administration of Mucuna seed extract decreased the intensity of environmental stressors at all three functional levels. Mucuna treatment was more effective against salinity stress than acid stress. Thus, cortisol, oxidative stress marker MDA and Na+-K+ATPase could be effective indicators for acid and salinity stress in wild and domestic fish populations. Dietary administration of Mucuna extract may limit the detrimental effects of acidification and salinity variations that are the inevitable outcomes expected under global climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahammed Moniruzzaman
- Fish Endocrinology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Joyita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Krishna Chandra College, University of Burdwan, Hetampur, Birbhum 731124, West Bengal, India
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique EDB, UMR 5174, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, IRD, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Debosree Mukherjee
- Fish Endocrinology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Pubali Mitra
- Fish Endocrinology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Santanu Ray
- Ecological Modeling Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Suman Bhusan Chakraborty
- Fish Endocrinology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
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Wilmes JC, Caballes CF, Cowan ZL, Hoey AS, Lang BJ, Messmer V, Pratchett MS. Contributions of pre- versus post-settlement processes to fluctuating abundance of crown-of-thorns starfishes (Acanthaster spp.). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 135:332-345. [PMID: 30301045 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous hypotheses have been put forward to account for population outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfishes (CoTS, Acanthaster spp.), which place specific importance on either pre- or post-settlement mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to specifically assess the contributions of pre- versus post-settlement processes in the population dynamics of CoTS. Given the immense reproductive potential of CoTS (>100 million eggs per female), persistent high densities would appear inevitable unless there were significant constraints on larval development, settlement success, and/or early post-settlement growth and survival. In terms of population constraints, pre- and post-settlement processes are both important and have additive effects to suppress densities of juvenile and adult CoTS within reef ecosystems. It is difficult, however, to assess the relative contributions of pre- versus post-settlement processes to population outbreaks, especially given limited data on settlement rates, as well as early post-settlement growth and mortality. Prioritising this research is important to resolve potential effects of anthropogenic activities (e.g., fishing) and habitat degradation on changing population dynamics of CoTS, and will also improve management effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Wilmes
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; Red Fish Blue Fish Marine, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia
| | - Ciemon F Caballes
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; Ultra Coral Australia, Paget, QLD 4740, Australia
| | - Zara-Louise Cowan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USA
| | - Andrew S Hoey
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Bethan J Lang
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Vanessa Messmer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Morgan S Pratchett
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
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Thirty Years of Research on Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (1986–2016): Scientific Advances and Emerging Opportunities. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/d9040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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