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Dakal TC, Dhakar R, Beura A, Moar K, Maurya PK, Sharma NK, Ranga V, Kumar A. Emerging methods and techniques for cancer biomarker discovery. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155567. [PMID: 39232287 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Modern cancer research depends heavily on the identification and validation of biomarkers because they provide important information about the diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment of the cancer. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of cancer biomarkers, including their development phases and recent breakthroughs in transcriptomics and computational techniques for detecting these biomarkers. Blood-based biomarkers have great potential for non-invasive tumor dynamics and treatment response monitoring. These include circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, and microRNAs. Comprehensive molecular profiles are provided by multi-omic technologies, which combine proteomics, metabolomics, and genomes to support the identification of biomarkers and the targeting of therapeutic interventions. Genetic changes are detected by next-generation sequencing, and patterns of protein expression are found by protein arrays and mass spectrometry. Tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution can be understood using metabolic profiling and single-cell studies. It is projected that the use of several biomarkers-genetic, protein, mRNA, microRNA, and DNA profiles, among others-will rise, enabling multi-biomarker analysis and improving individualised treatment plans. Biomarker identification and patient outcome prediction are further improved by developments in AI algorithms and imaging techniques. Robust biomarker validation and reproducibility require cooperation between industry, academia, and doctors. Biomarkers can provide individualized care, meet unmet clinical needs, and enhance patient outcomes despite some obstacles. Precision medicine will continue to take shape as scientific research advances and the integration of biomarkers with cutting-edge technologies continues to offer a more promising future for personalized cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India.
| | - Ramgopal Dhakar
- Deparment of Life Science, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan 312901, India
| | - Abhijit Beura
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kareena Moar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana 123031, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana 123031, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Sharma
- Deparment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Vipin Ranga
- DBT-NECAB, Assam Agriculture University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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Chi H, Su L, Yan Y, Gu X, Su K, Li H, Yu L, Liu J, Wang J, Wu Q, Yang G. Illuminating the immunological landscape: mitochondrial gene defects in pancreatic cancer through a multiomics lens. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375143. [PMID: 38510247 PMCID: PMC10953916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the complex interplay between mitochondrial gene defects and pancreatic cancer pathogenesis through a multiomics approach. By amalgamating data from genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies, we dissected the mechanisms by which mitochondrial genetic variations dictate cancer progression. Emphasis has been placed on the roles of these genes in altering cellular metabolic processes, signal transduction pathways, and immune system interactions. We further explored how these findings could refine therapeutic interventions, with a particular focus on precision medicine applications. This analysis not only fills pivotal knowledge gaps about mitochondrial anomalies in pancreatic cancer but also paves the way for future investigations into personalized therapy options. This finding underscores the crucial nexus between mitochondrial genetics and oncological immunology, opening new avenues for targeted cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chi
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lanqian Su
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yalan Yan
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Biology Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ke Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
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Wanram S, Klaewkla N, Pinyosri P. Downregulation of Serum miR-133b and miR-206 Associate with Clinical Outcomes of Progression as Monitoring Biomarkers for Metastasis Colorectal Cancer Patients. Microrna 2024; 13:56-62. [PMID: 38231064 PMCID: PMC11275315 DOI: 10.2174/0122115366266024240101075745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Noncoding RNAs or microRNAs (miRNAs; miRs) biomarkers can play a role in cancer carcinogenesis and progression. Specific KRAS and EGFR mutation are associated with CRC development playing a role in controlling the cellular process as epigenetic events. Circulating serum miRs can serve for early diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of CRC as biomarkers but it is still unclear, clinically. OBJECTIVE To determine potential biomarkers of circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 in CRC patients Methods: Bioinformatic prediction of microRNA was screened followed by TargetScanHuman7.2, miRTar2GO, miRDB, MiRanda, and DIANA-microT-CDS. Forty-four CRC serum (19 locally advanced, 23 distant advanced CRC) and 12 normal serum samples were subsequently extracted for RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, and miR validation. The candidate circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 were validated resulting in a relative expression via quantitative RT-PCR. Relative expression was normalized to the spike-internal control and compared to normal samples as 1 using the -2ΔΔCt method in principle. RESULTS Our results represented 9 miRs of miR-206, miR-155-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-193a-3p, miR-30a- 5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-543, miR-877-5p relate to KRAS-specific miRs, whereas, 9 miRs of miR-133b, miR-302a-3p, miR-302b-3p, miR-302d-3p, miR-302e, miR-520a-3p, miR-520b, miR-520c- 3p and miR-7-5p relevance to EGFR-specific miRs by using the bioinformatic prediction tools. Our results showed a decreased expression level of circulating serum miR-133b as well as miR-206 associating with CRC patients (local and advanced metastasis) when compared to normal (P < 0.05), significantly. CONCLUSION The circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 can serve as significant biomarkers for monitoring the clinical outcome of progression with metastatic CRC patients. Increased drug-responsive CRC patients associated with crucial molecular intervention should be further explored, clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wanram
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
- Biomedical Science Research Unit, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Namphon Klaewkla
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Parichart Pinyosri
- Biomedical Science Research Unit, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
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Chiorcea-Paquim AM. Advances in Electrochemical Biosensor Technologies for the Detection of Nucleic Acid Breast Cancer Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4128. [PMID: 37112468 PMCID: PMC10145521 DOI: 10.3390/s23084128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide; therefore, there is an increased need for the discovery, development, optimization, and quantification of diagnostic biomarkers that can improve the disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic outcome. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) allow the characterization of the genetic features and screening breast cancer patients. Electrochemical biosensors offer excellent platforms for the detection of breast cancer biomarkers due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, low cost, use of small analyte volumes, and easy miniaturization. In this context, this article provides an exhaustive review concerning the electrochemical methods of characterization and quantification of different miRNAs and BRCA1 breast cancer biomarkers using electrochemical DNA biosensors based on the detection of hybridization events between a DNA or peptide nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid sequence. The fabrication approaches, the biosensors architectures, the signal amplification strategies, the detection techniques, and the key performance parameters, such as the linearity range and the limit of detection, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Chiorcea-Paquim
- University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, ARISE, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Instituto Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
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Ramos JTGDS, Pereira AG, Ferrari FS, Andrade MF, de Melo CS, Boas PJFV, Felix TF, de Carvalho M, Dorna MS, Azevedo PS, Phillips BE, Polegato BF, Okoshi K, Bazan SGZ, Paiva SAR, Zornoff LAM, Reis PP, Minicucci MF. Circulating miRNAs are associated with frailty and ST-elevation myocardial infarction pathways. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 106:104870. [PMID: 36442406 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty and ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) share similar molecular pathways. Specific biomarkers, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that cause the relationship between frailty and STEMI. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to identify and compare circulating miRNA levels between frail and non-frail older adults following STEMI and comprehend the regulatory miRNA-gene networks and pathways involved in this condition. METHODS This exploratory study is a subanalysis of a larger observational study. In this study, we selected patients ≥ 65 years old, following STEMI, with pre-frail/frail (n=5) and non-frail (n=4) phenotype evaluated using the Clinical Frailty Scale and serum circulating miRNA levels were analyzed. RESULTS Pre-frail/frail patients had greater serum levels of 53 miRNAs, compared with non-frail patients. Notably, miR-103a-3p, miR-598-3p, and miR-130a-3p were the top three significantly deregulated miRNAs predicted to modulate gene expression associated with aging. Additional computational analyses showed 7,420 predicted miRNA gene targets, which were regulated by at least two of the 53 identified miRNAs. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that axon guidance and MAPK signaling were among pathways regulated by miRNA target genes. CONCLUSIONS These novel findings suggest a correlation between the identified miRNAs, target genes, and pathways in pre-frail and frail patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Gomes Pereira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Sanches Ferrari
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Morganna Freitas Andrade
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Caroline Souto de Melo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Genoveva de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Tainara F Felix
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marcio de Carvalho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana Souza Dorna
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Bethan E Phillips
- Medical Research Council-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Patricia P Reis
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Botucatu, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, Brazil
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Acute green tea intake attenuates circulating microRNA expression induced by a high-fat, high-saturated meal in obese women: A randomized crossover study. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109203. [PMID: 36347450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess whether acute green tea (GT) supplementation attenuates inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by high-fat, high-saturated (HFHS) meals in obese women, and to assess its ability to modulate circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. The study included obese women over 18 years old who had no comorbidities. In the first moment, patients were instructed to take 2 capsules of placebo or GT (738 mg) at 10:00 p.m. and to fast overnight. The next morning, a blood sample was collected, and an HFHS meal was offered to the patients. Another blood sample was collected 5 hours after the meal. In the second moment, patients who received placebo in the first moment now received the GT and vice-versa. Serum inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured, and circulating levels of miRNA were evaluated. Fifteen women with mean age of 35.5±9.9 years were included in the final analysis. There was no difference regarding inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. However, patients who consumed GT had lower circulating expression of 62 miRNAs compared with patients who did not consume GT. Predictive analysis of target genes showed 1,757 targets regulated by the 62 miRNAs. Notably, 5 miRNAs (miR-1297, miR-192-5p, miR-373-3p, miR-595 and miR-1266-5p) regulate genes associated with TGF-beta, CARM1, RSK, and BMP pathways. Our study showed that GT inhibited the expression of miRNAs induced by HFHS meal intake. These results shed light on the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of GT ingestion.
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Mohanty JN, Sahoo S, Routray SP, Bhuyan R. Does the diverse source of miRNAs affect human health? An approach towards diagnosis and therapeutic management. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Dorna MS, Barbosa EMS, Callegari MA, Tanni SE, Chiuso-Minicucci F, Felix TF, Seneda AL, Correa CR, Fernandes AAH, Azevedo PS, Polegato BF, Rogero MM, Paiva SAR, Zornoff LAM, Reis PP, Minicucci MF. Orange Juice Attenuates Circulating miR-150-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-451a in Healthy Smokers: A Randomized Crossover Study. Front Nutr 2022; 8:775515. [PMID: 35004810 PMCID: PMC8740272 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.775515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco smoke is associated with oxidative and inflammatory pathways, increasing the risk of chronic-degenerative diseases. Our goal was to evaluate the effects of acute “Pera” and “Moro” orange juice consumption on inflammatory processes and oxidative stress in microRNA (miRNA) expression in plasma from healthy smokers. Methods: This was a randomized crossover study that included healthy smokers over 18 years old. Blood samples were collected before and 11 h after beverage ingestion. Participants were instructed to drink 400 mL of Pera orange juice (Citrus sinensis), Moro orange juice (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), or water. Each subject drank the beverages in a 3-way crossover study design. Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and circulating miRNA expression profiles were determined. The subjects maintained their usual tobacco exposure during the experiment. Results: We included 18 individuals (12 men and 6 women), with 37.0 ± 12.0 years old. All subjects received the 3 interventions. Increased expression of circulating miRNAs (miR-150-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-451a) was verified after cigarette smoking, which were attenuated after intake of both types of orange juice. There was no difference regarding serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9, and C-reactive protein. Despite the increased activity of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase after “Pera” or “Moro” orange juice intake, respectively, no changes in lipid hydroperoxide levels were detected. Conclusion: Tobaccos smokers showed increased expression of miR-150-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-451a was noted, and attenuated by orange juice intake. miRNAs were predicted to regulate 244 target genes with roles in oxidative stress, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling, which are pathways frequently involved in smoking-related cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S Dorna
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Elizabete M S Barbosa
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Matheus A Callegari
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Suzana E Tanni
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Chiuso-Minicucci
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Tainara F Felix
- Experimental Research Unit, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ana L Seneda
- Experimental Research Unit, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Camila R Correa
- Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ana A H Fernandes
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Paula S Azevedo
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Bertha F Polegato
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, USP - University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio A R Paiva
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A M Zornoff
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Patricia P Reis
- Experimental Research Unit, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.,Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marcos F Minicucci
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
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Al-Rawaf HA, Alghadir AH, Gabr SA. Circulating microRNAs and Molecular Oxidative Stress in Older Adults with Neuroprogression Disorders. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:4409212. [PMID: 34721735 PMCID: PMC8556086 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4409212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND circulating microRNAs are potential blood biomarkers differentially expressed in many diseases including neuro depression disorders. It controls the expression of human genes and associated cellular and physiological processes in normal and diseased cells. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of circulating miRNAs and their association with both stress hormones and cellular oxidative stress in neuro depression disorders occurred among older adults. METHODS a total of 70 healthy subjects were included in this study. Based upon the profile of mood states (POMS-32 score), the participants classified into two groups; healthy subjects (n =30) and depression (n =40). The expression of microRNAs; miR-124, miR-34a-5p, miR-135, and miR-451-a and their correlation with cellular oxidative stress parameters; cellular NO, genes of SOD2, CAT and iNOS, and hormones; cortisol and serotonin were estimated by a quantitative real-time RT-PCR, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ELISA Immunoassay techniques, respectively. RESULTS depression was reported in 57.14% of the participants. The results showed a significant increase (p =0.01) in the total mood scores, and relative depression domains in older adults with depression compared to healthy controls. The relative expression levels of miR-124, miR-34a-5p significantly increased and the expression levels of miR-135, and miR-451-a significantly decreased in older adults with depression compared to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of cortisol significantly increased and serotonin (5HT) significantly reduced in all participants with depression. Cellular oxidative stress analysis for depressed subjects showed that serum NO levels and the expression of iNO gene significantly increased conversely with a decline in the molecular expression antioxidative genes; SOD2, CAT, respectively. The results showed that cellular oxidative stress parameters correlated positively with depression scores, cortisol, and negatively with cellular serotonin levels. In depressed subjects, the relative expression of microRNAs correlated positively with depression score, NO, iNOS, cortisol, and negatively associated with SOD2, CAT, and serotonin. CONCLUSION The combination of cellular oxidative stress and hormonal levels strongly supports a role for circulating miRNAs; miR-124, miR-34a-5p, miR-135, and miR-451-a in the regulation of depression and mood disorders among older adults. The expressed microRNAs with their related association to cellular oxidative stress and adrenal hormones are a step towards understanding the role of these small RNA molecules in the progression of depression among older adults. Thus, cellular miRNAs might have a prognostic role in the diagnosis and as a target for treatment strategies in depressed subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Al-Rawaf
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Wang L, Liu LZ, Jiang BH. Dysregulation of microRNAs in metal-induced angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:279-286. [PMID: 34428550 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate cancer initiation, development, angiogenesis, and therapeutic resistance. Metal exposure widely occurs through air, water, soil, food, and industrial contaminants. Hundreds of millions of people may have metal exposure associated with toxicity, serious health problems, and cancer occurrence. Metal exposure is found to induce oxidative stress, DNA damage and repair, and activation of multiple signaling pathways. However, molecular mechanisms of metal-induced carcinogenesis remain to be elucidated. Recent studies demonstrated that the exposure of metals such as arsenic, hexavalent chromium, cadmium, and nickel caused dysregulation of microRNAs that are implicated to play an important role in cell transformation, tumor growth and angiogenesis. This review focuses on the recent studies that show metal-induced miRNA dysregulation and underlined mechanisms in cell malignant transformation, angiogenesis and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, United States
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, United States.
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, United States.
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Laar RV, King S, McCoy R, Saad M, Fereday S, Winship I, Uzzell C, Landgren A. Translation of a circulating miRNA signature of melanoma into a solid tissue assay to improve diagnostic accuracy and precision. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1111-1122. [PMID: 34184547 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Successful treatment of cutaneous melanoma depends on early and accurate diagnosis of clinically suspicious melanocytic skin lesions. Multiple international studies have described the challenge of providing accurate and reproducible histopathological assessments of melanocytic lesions, highlighting the need for new diagnostic tools including disease-specific biomarkers. Previously, a 38-miRNA signature (MEL38) was identified in melanoma patient plasma and validated as a novel biomarker. In this study, MEL38 expression in solid tissue biopsies representing the benign nevi to metastatic melanoma spectrum is examined. Patients & methods: Nanostring digital gene expression assessment of the MEL38 signature was performed on 308 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies of nevi, melanoma in situ and invasive melanoma. Genomic data were interrogated using hierarchical clustering, univariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Classification scores computed from the MEL38 signature were analyzed for their association with demographic data and histopathology results, including MPATH-DX class, AJCC disease stage and tissue subtype. Results: The MEL38 score can stratify higher-risk melanomas (MPATH-Dx class V or more advanced) from lower-risk skin lesions (class I-IV) with an area under the curve of 0.97 (p < 0.001). The genomic score ranges from 0 to 10 and is positively correlated with melanoma progression, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.85 with stage 0-IV disease. Using an optimized classification threshold of ≥2.7 accurately identifies higher-risk melanomas with 89% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Multivariate analysis showed the score to be a significant predictor of malignancy, independent of technical and clinical covariates. Application of the MEL38 signature to Spitz nevi reveals an intrasubtype profile, with elements in common to both nevi and melanoma. Conclusion: Melanoma-specific circulating miRNAs maintain their association with malignancy when measured in the hypothesized tissue of origin. The MEL38 signature is an accurate and reproducible metric of melanoma status, based on changes in miRNA expression that occur as the disease develops and spreads. Inclusion of the MEL38 score into routine practice would provide physicians with previously unavailable, personalized genomic information about their patient's skin lesions. Combining molecular biomarker data with conventional histopathology data may improve diagnostic accuracy, healthcare resource utilization and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Van Laar
- Geneseq Biosciences, 555 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Samuel King
- Australian Clinical Labs, 1868 Dandenong Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Richard McCoy
- Australian Clinical Labs, 1868 Dandenong Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Mirette Saad
- Australian Clinical Labs, 1868 Dandenong Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Sian Fereday
- Geneseq Biosciences, 555 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Ingrid Winship
- Geneseq Biosciences, 555 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Catherine Uzzell
- Australian Clinical Labs, 1868 Dandenong Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Anthony Landgren
- Australian Clinical Labs, 1868 Dandenong Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
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12
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Griñán-Ferré C, Bellver-Sanchis A, Izquierdo V, Corpas R, Roig-Soriano J, Chillón M, Andres-Lacueva C, Somogyvári M, Sőti C, Sanfeliu C, Pallàs M. The pleiotropic neuroprotective effects of resveratrol in cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease pathology: From antioxidant to epigenetic therapy. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101271. [PMID: 33571701 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While the elderly segment of the population continues growing in importance, neurodegenerative diseases increase exponentially. Lifestyle factors such as nutrition, exercise, and education, among others, influence ageing progression, throughout life. Notably, the Central Nervous System (CNS) can benefit from nutritional strategies and dietary interventions that prevent signs of senescence, such as cognitive decline or neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's Disease. The dietary polyphenol Resveratrol (RV) possesses antioxidant and cytoprotective effects, producing neuroprotection in several organisms. The oxidative stress (OS) occurs because of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation that has been proposed to explain the cause of the ageing. One of the most harmful effects of ROS in the cell is DNA damage. Nevertheless, there is also evidence demonstrating that OS can produce other molecular changes such as mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, apoptosis, and epigenetic modifications, among others. Interestingly, the dietary polyphenol RV is a potent antioxidant and possesses pleiotropic actions, exerting its activity through various molecular pathways. In addition, recent evidence has shown that RV mediates epigenetic changes involved in ageing and the function of the CNS that persists across generations. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that RV interacts with gut microbiota, showing modifications in bacterial composition associated with beneficial effects. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of the main mechanisms of action of RV in different experimental models, including clinical trials and discuss how the interconnection of these molecular events could explain the neuroprotective effects induced by RV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aina Bellver-Sanchis
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Izquierdo
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Corpas
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, IDIBAPS and CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Roig-Soriano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Institut de Neurociènces (INc), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miguel Chillón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Institut de Neurociènces (INc), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Research Group on Gene Therapy at Nervous System, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Unitat producció de Vectors (UPV), Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Xarta, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salut Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milán Somogyvári
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sőti
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, IDIBAPS and CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Gupta I, Rizeq B, Vranic S, Moustafa AEA, Al Farsi H. Circulating miRNAs in HER2-Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancers: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6750. [PMID: 32942528 PMCID: PMC7554858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases among women worldwide and is highly associated with cancer-related mortality. Of the four major molecular subtypes, HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprise more than 30% of all breast cancers. While the HER2-positive subtype lacks estrogen and progesterone receptors and overexpresses HER2, the TNBC subtype lacks estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. Although advances in molecular biology and genetics have substantially ameliorated breast cancer disease management, targeted therapies for the treatment of estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer patients are still restricted, particularly for TNBC. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that microRNAs, miRNAs or small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression are involved in diverse biological processes, including carcinogenesis. Moreover, circulating miRNAs in serum/plasma are among the most promising diagnostic/therapeutic tools as they are stable and relatively easy to quantify. Various circulating miRNAs have been identified in several human cancers including specific breast cancer subtypes. This review aims to discuss the role of circulating miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for estrogen-receptor negative breast cancers, HER2+ and triple negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Balsam Rizeq
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Halema Al Farsi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
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14
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Barbosa Júnior WL, Justo AM, Aguiar Dos Santos AM, de Lorena VMB, do Carmo RF, de Melo FL, de Medeiros ZM, Vasconcelos LRS. Higher levels of TNF and IL-4 cytokines and low miR-182 expression in visceral leishmaniasis-HIV co-infected patients. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12701. [PMID: 31990371 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to assess serum cytokine and miRNA expression in visceral leishmaniasis-HIV (VL-HIV) co-infection and HIV mono-infection. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed 113 serum samples from HIV patients in areas endemic for leishmaniasis. The diagnosis of VL was confirmed in 65 of these 113 samples. The VL-HIV and HIV groups presented significant differences regarding haemoglobin level (P < .0001), lymphocyte count (P = .0444), white blood cell count (P = .0108), weight loss (P = .0310), HIV load (P < .0001) and CD4+ T-lymphocytes count (P = .0003). Levels of IL-6 and IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10, TNF and IL-2 were positively correlated in VL-HIV co-infection, indicating higher serum levels of TNF and IL-4 (P < .0001). In addition, miR-182 expression was found to be significantly higher in HIV (P = .009), miR-210 exhibited no statistically significant difference between groups, and nonexpression of miR-122 was found in both groups. CONCLUSION Together, TNF, IL-4 and miR-182 may represent circulatory biomarkers of VL-HIV co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alda Maria Justo
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fábio Lopes de Melo
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil
| | - Zulma Maria de Medeiros
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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15
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Multifunctional Roles of miR-34a in Cancer: A Review with the Emphasis on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Thyroid Cancer with Clinical Implications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10080563. [PMID: 32764498 PMCID: PMC7459507 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-34a belongs to the class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs and functions as a tumor suppressor. Under physiological conditions, miR-34a has an inhibitory effect on all processes related to cell proliferation by targeting many proto-oncogenes and silencing them on the post-transcriptional level. However, deregulation of miR-34a was shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis and processes associated with cancer progression, such as tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, further understanding of miR-34a molecular mechanisms in cancer are indispensable for the development of effective diagnosis and treatments. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on miR-34a functions in human disease with an emphasis on its regulation and dysregulation, its role in human cancer, specifically head and neck squamous carcinoma and thyroid cancer, and emerging role as a disease diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and the novel therapeutic target in oncology.
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16
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Reis PP, Drigo SA, Carvalho RF, Lopez Lapa RM, Felix TF, Patel D, Cheng D, Pintilie M, Liu G, Tsao MS. Circulating miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-451a in Plasma from Lung Cancer Patients: Potential Application in Early Detection and a Regulatory Role in Tumorigenesis Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2071. [PMID: 32726984 PMCID: PMC7465670 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro(mi)RNAs, potent gene expression regulators associated with tumorigenesis, are stable, abundant circulating molecules, and detectable in plasma. Thus, miRNAs could potentially be useful in early lung cancer detection. We aimed to identify circulating miRNA signatures in plasma from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and to verify whether miRNAs regulate lung oncogenesis pathways. METHODS RNA isolated from 139 plasma samples (40 LUAD, 38 LUSC; 61 healthy/non-diseased individuals) were divided into discovery (38 patients; 21 controls for expression quantification using an 800-miRNA panel; Nanostring nCounter®) and validation (40 patients; 40 controls; TaqMan® RT-qPCR) cohorts. Elastic net, Maximizing-R-Square Analysis (MARSA), and C-Statistics were applied for miRNA signature identification. RESULTS When compared to healthy individuals, 580 of 606 deregulated miRNAs in LUAD and 221 of 226 deregulated miRNAs in LUSC had significantly increased levels. Among the 10 most significantly overexpressed miRNAs, 6 were common to patients with LUAD and LUSC. Further analysis identified three signatures composed of 12 miRNAs. Signatures included miRNAs commonly overexpressed in patient plasma. Enriched pathways included target genes modulated by three miRNAs in the C-Statistics signature: miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-451a. CONCLUSIONS The 3-miRNA signature (miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-451a) had high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (84%) to predict cancer (LUAD and LUSC). These miRNAs are predicted to modulate genes and pathways with known roles in lung tumorigenesis, including EGFR, K-RAS, and PI3K/AKT signaling, suggesting that the 3-miRNA signature is biologically relevant in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P. Reis
- Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil; (S.A.D.); (T.F.F.)
- Experimental Research Unity, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Sandra A. Drigo
- Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil; (S.A.D.); (T.F.F.)
- Experimental Research Unity, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Robson F. Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Rainer Marco Lopez Lapa
- Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Instituto de Investigación, Chimbote 02800, Peru;
| | - Tainara F. Felix
- Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil; (S.A.D.); (T.F.F.)
- Experimental Research Unity, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Devalben Patel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Dangxiao Cheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Melania Pintilie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
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17
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Pasi F, Corbella F, Baio A, Capelli E, De Silvestri A, Tinelli C, Nano R. Radiation-induced circulating miRNA expression in blood of head and neck cancer patients. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2020; 59:237-244. [PMID: 32040721 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-020-00832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, scientists have found evidence confirming the aberrant expression of miRNAs in cancer patients compared to healthy individuals. The growing interest in the identification of non-invasive and specific diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers has identified microRNAs as potential candidates in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response. In the present study, we have analyzed the expression profile of circulating miR-21, -191 and -421 in peripheral blood of head and neck cancer patients (HNC) to investigate a possible modulation of mRNA levels by radiation and to identify the role of mRNA as biomarkers of cancer prognosis. Results showed a modulation of the microRNA expression at different time points after radiotherapy, suggesting that treatment may influence the release of circulating miRNAs depending also on the time interval elapsed since radiotherapy. The expression levels of miR-21, -191 and -421 were higher in blood of patients treated with radiotherapy alone after 6 months from the end of therapy and high levels of them seemed to correlate with the remission of the disease. The trends shown in this study confirmed that miRNAs could be useful prognosis markers and could provide preliminary data for further evaluation in predicting patients' response to radiotherapy by developing miRNA-based treatments to improve the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pasi
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncohaematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Franco Corbella
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncohaematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ambrogia Baio
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncohaematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrica Capelli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology and Genetic Analysis, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 21, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Carmine Tinelli
- Biometry and Medical Statistics, Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Nano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, Pavia, Italy
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18
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Xu YY, Xia QH, Xia QR, Zhang XL, Liang J. MicroRNA-Based Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Therapeutic Response in Patients with Depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3583-3597. [PMID: 31920318 PMCID: PMC6939173 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s237116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a debilitating mental illness that affects up to 120 million people worldwide; it is currently determined based on subjective diagnostic schemes that are limited by high uncertainty. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify effective and reliable biomarkers to increase diagnostic accuracy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a recently discovered class of non-coding RNAs that play a key role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation, or stability of mRNA targets. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs is being investigated as a clinical biomarker for a variety of diseases, including depression. Accumulating evidence has shown that miRNAs participate in many aspects of neural plasticity, neurogenesis, and the stress response. This is supported by more direct studies based on human postmortem brain tissue that strongly indicate that miRNAs not only play a key role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder, but also present potential for the development of therapeutic targets. miRNAs in the peripheral and central nervous system are being considered as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of depression and in monitoring the therapeutic response to antidepressants, owing to their stability, tissue-specificity, and disease-specific expression. In this review, we focus on various miRNAs in tissues and fluids that could be employed as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yun Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230022, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-Hui Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu241002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Rong Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Lai Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychology, Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical School of Mental Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei230000, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Van Laar R, Lincoln M, Fereday S. Characterisation and validation of Mel38; A multi-tissue microRNA signature of cutaneous melanoma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211504. [PMID: 30721246 PMCID: PMC6363168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histopathologic examination of melanocytic neoplasms can be challenging and subjective, with no specific circulating or tissue-based biomarkers currently available. Recently, a circulating 38-microRNA profile of melanoma (Mel38) was described. In this study, Mel38 expression and its impact on downstream mRNA regulation in solid tissue is examined. Methods Mel38 was applied to archival, clinically-annotated, solid-tissue genomic datasets representing benign naevi, primary and metastatic melanoma. Statistical analysis of the signature in relation to disease status, patient outcome and molecular pathways was performed. Results Mel38 is able to stratify genomic data from solid tissue biopsies on the basis of disease status and differences in melanoma-specific survival. Experimentally-verified messenger-RNA targets of Mel38 also exhibit prognostic expression patterns and represent key molecular pathways and events in melanoma development and progression. Conclusion The Mel38 microRNA profile may have diagnostic and prognostic utility in solid tissue as well as being a robust circulating biomarker of melanoma.
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20
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Schmieder S, Weißpflog J, Danz N, Hübner M, Kreth S, Klotzbach U, Sonntag F. Ultrasensitive SPR detection of miRNA-93 using antibody-enhanced and enzymatic signal amplification. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:1264-1270. [PMID: 32624754 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNA molecules. They play important gene-regulatory roles by binding to the mRNA of target genes thereby leading to either transcript degradation or translational repression. In virtually all diseases, distinct alterations of miRNA expression profiles have been found thus suggesting miRNAs as interesting biomarkers. Here, we present an SPR biosensor that utilizes disposable, injection-molded sensor chip/microfluidic hybrids combined with a lateral imaging optical system for parallel analysis of three one-dimensional spot arrays to detect miRNA-93. To increase the sensitivity of the biosensor we used two different amplification strategies. By adding an RNA-DNA-hybrid antibody for primary signal amplification, a limit of detection of 10 pmol/L was achieved. Based on that method we demonstrate the detection of miRNA-93 in total RNA lysate from HEK-293 cells. Utilizing an enzymatic signal amplification with Poly(A) polymerase, the sensitivity could be increased even further leading to a limit of detection of 1 fmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmieder
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| | - Janek Weißpflog
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| | - Norbert Danz
- Microoptical Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Jena Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany
| | - Simone Kreth
- Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Germany
| | - Udo Klotzbach
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
| | - Frank Sonntag
- Micro- and Biosystems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS Dresden Germany
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21
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Schmieder S, Weißpflog J, Danz N, Klotzbach U, Sonntag F. Detection of miRNA using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor and antibody amplification. CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/cdbme-2016-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMiRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules that control biological functions by reducing the translation of target proteins when binding to the mRNA. Alterations of the miRNA expression profile affect the cell metabolism, which can lead to distinctive disease patterns thus suggesting miRNA as an interesting biomarker. Here we present a SPR biosensor that utilizes disposable, injection-molded sensor chip/microfluidic hybrids combined with a lateral imaging optical system for parallel analysis of three one-dimensional spot arrays to detect miRNA-93. Using a RNA-DNA-hybrid antibody for signal enhancement we could reach a limit of detection of 10 pmol/l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmieder
- 1Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Janek Weißpflog
- 1Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Norbert Danz
- 2Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Udo Klotzbach
- 1Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Sonntag
- 1Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany
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22
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Diekwisch TGH. Novel approaches toward managing the micromanagers: 'non-toxic' but effective. Gene Ther 2016; 23:697-698. [PMID: 27383252 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T G H Diekwisch
- Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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Inada K, Okoshi Y, Cho Y, Saito H, Iijima T, Hori M, Kojima H. Availability of Circulating MicroRNAs as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ojbd.2015.54008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Su J, Wang Y, Xing X, Liu J, Zhang Y. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in bovine placentas. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:12. [PMID: 24397284 PMCID: PMC3893433 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that is essential for epigenetic gene regulation in development and disease. To date, the genome-wide DNA methylation maps of many organisms have been reported, but the methylation pattern of cattle remains unknown. Results We showed the genome-wide DNA methylation map in placental tissues using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with high-throughput sequencing (MeDIP-seq). In cattle, the methylation levels in the gene body are relatively high, whereas the promoter remains hypomethylated. We obtained thousands of highly methylated regions (HMRs), methylated CpG islands, and methylated genes from bovine placenta. DNA methylation levels around the transcription start sites of genes are negatively correlated with the gene expression level. However, the relationship between gene-body DNA methylation and gene expression is non-monotonic. Moderately expressed genes generally have the highest levels of gene-body DNA methylation, whereas the highly, and lowly expressed genes, as well as silent genes, show moderate DNA methylation levels. Genes with the highest expression show the lowest DNA methylation levels. Conclusions We have generated the genome-wide mapping of DNA methylation in cattle for the first time, and our results can be used for future studies on epigenetic gene regulation in cattle. This study contributes to the knowledge on epigenetics in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
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