1
|
Monkrathok J, Janphuang P, Suphachiaraphan S, Kampaengsri S, Kamkaew A, Chansaenpak K, Lisnund S, Blay V, Pinyou P. Enhancing Glucose Biosensing with Graphene Oxide and Ferrocene-Modified Linear Poly(ethylenimine). BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:161. [PMID: 38667154 PMCID: PMC11048651 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
We designed and optimized a glucose biosensor system based on a screen-printed electrode modified with the NAD-GDH enzyme. To enhance the electroactive surface area and improve the electron transfer efficiency, we introduced graphene oxide (GO) and ferrocene-modified linear poly(ethylenimine) (LPEI-Fc) onto the biosensor surface. This strategic modification exploits the electrostatic interaction between graphene oxide, which possesses a negative charge, and LPEI-Fc, which is positively charged. This interaction results in increased catalytic current during glucose oxidation and helps improve the overall glucose detection sensitivity by amperometry. We integrated the developed glucose sensor into a flow injection (FI) system. This integration facilitates a swift and reproducible detection of glucose, and it also mitigates the risk of contamination during the analyses. The incorporation of an FI system improves the efficiency of the biosensor, ensuring precise and reliable results in a short time. The proposed sensor was operated at a constant applied potential of 0.35 V. After optimizing the system, a linear calibration curve was obtained for the concentration range of 1.0-40 mM (R2 = 0.986). The FI system was successfully applied to determine the glucose content of a commercial sports drink.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jirawan Monkrathok
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Ave., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Pattanaphong Janphuang
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), 111 University Ave., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (P.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Somphong Suphachiaraphan
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), 111 University Ave., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (P.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Sastiya Kampaengsri
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Ave., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Ave., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Kantapat Chansaenpak
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Sireerat Lisnund
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, 744 Suranarai Rd., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand;
| | - Vincent Blay
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Piyanut Pinyou
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Ave., Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.K.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kausaite-Minkstimiene A, Kaminskas A, Gayda G, Ramanaviciene A. Towards a Self-Powered Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on a Single-Enzyme Biofuel Cell. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:138. [PMID: 38534245 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the study of an amperometric glucose biosensor based on an enzymatic biofuel cell consisting of a bioanode and a biocathode modified with the same enzyme-glucose oxidase (GOx). A graphite rod electrode (GRE) was electrochemically modified with a layer of Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles embedded in a poly(pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid) (PPCA) shell, and an additional layer of PPCA and was used as the cathode. A GRE modified with a nanocomposite composed of poly(1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione) (PPD) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) entrapped in a PPCA shell was used as an anode. Both electrodes were modified with GOx by covalently bonding the enzyme to the carboxyl groups of PPCA. The developed biosensor exhibited a wide linear range of 0.15-124.00 mM with an R2 of 0.9998 and a sensitivity of 0.16 μA/mM. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.07 and 0.23 mM, respectively. The biosensor demonstrated exceptional selectivity to glucose and operational stability throughout 35 days, as well as good reproducibility, repeatability, and anti-interference ability towards common interfering substances. The studies on human serum demonstrate the ability of the newly designed biosensor to determine glucose in complex real samples at clinically relevant concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asta Kausaite-Minkstimiene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko St. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algimantas Kaminskas
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko St. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Galina Gayda
- Department of Analytical Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (ICB NASU), Dragomanov St. 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko St. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Liu J, Wu Z, Shang X, Li Y, Huo W, Huang X. Fully printed and self-compensated bioresorbable electrochemical devices based on galvanic coupling for continuous glucose monitoring. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi3839. [PMID: 37467335 PMCID: PMC10355816 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi3839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Real-time glucose monitoring conventionally involves non-bioresorbable semi-implantable glucose sensors, causing infection and pain during removal. Despite bioresorbable electronics serves as excellent alternatives, the bioresorbable sensor dissolves in aqueous environments with interferential biomolecules. Here, the theories to achieve stable electrode potential and accurate electrochemical detection using bioresorbable materials have been proposed, resulting in a fully printed bioresorbable electrochemical device. The adverse effect caused by material degradation has been overcome by a molybdenum-tungsten reference electrode that offers stable potential through galvanic-coupling and self-compensation modules. In vitro and in vivo glucose monitoring has been conducted for 7 and 5 days, respectively, followed by full degradation within 2 months. The device offers a glucose detection range of 0 to 25 millimolars and a sensitivity of 0.2458 microamperes per millimolar with anti-interference capability and biocompatibility, indicating the possibility of mass manufacturing high-performance bioresorbable electrochemical devices using printing and low-temperature water-sintering techniques. The mechanisms may be implemented developing more comprehensive bioresorbable sensors for chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ziyue Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xue Shang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenxing Huo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
- Institute of Wearable Technology and Bioelectronics, Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, 1002 23rd Street, Hangzhou 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cha H, Kwon O, Choi H, Yoo H, Kim J, Jeong S, Park T. Flow Channel Architecture and Diffusion Characteristics of Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Fuel Cells with Proton Exchange Membrane. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjin Cha
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Obeen Kwon
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoo Choi
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Hongnyoung Yoo
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Kim
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhun Jeong
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Park
- Renewable Energy Applications Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cha H, Kwon O, Kim J, Choi H, Yoo H, Kim H, Park T. Effects of the Anode Diffusion Layer on the Performance of a Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Fuel Cell with a Proton Exchange Membrane. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:34752-34762. [PMID: 34963958 PMCID: PMC8697377 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is necessary to apply a nonenzymatic glucose fuel cell using a proton exchange membrane for an implantable biomedical device that operates at low power. The permeability of glucose with high viscosity and a large molecular weight in the porous medium of the diffusion layer was investigated for use in fuel cells. Carbon paper was prepared as an anode diffusion layer, and it was analyzed with a diffusion layer treated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and a microporous layer (MPL). When untreated carbon paper was applied, the peak power density (PPD) and open-circuit voltage (OCV) increased as the glucose concentration and flow rate increased. On this occasion, the highest PPD of 17.81 μW cm-2 was achieved at 3 mM and a 2.0 mL min-1 glucose aqueous solution (at atmospheric pressure and 36.5 °C). The diffusion layer, which became more hydrophobic through PTFE treatment, adversely affected glucose permeability. In addition, the addition of an MPL decreased OCV and PPD with increasing glucose concentrations and flow rates. Compared with untreated carbon paper, the PPD was six times lower approximately. Consequently, it was confirmed that the properties of carbon paper, such as low hydrophobicity, high porosity, and thin thickness, would be advantageous for nonenzymatic glucose fuel cells.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gonzalez-Solino C, Bernalte E, Bayona Royo C, Bennett R, Leech D, Di Lorenzo M. Self-Powered Detection of Glucose by Enzymatic Glucose/Oxygen Fuel Cells on Printed Circuit Boards. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26704-26711. [PMID: 34038080 PMCID: PMC8735749 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring glucose levels in physiological fluids can help prevent severe complications associated with hypo- and hyper-glycemic events. Current glucose-monitoring systems require a three-electrode setup and a power source to function, which can hamper the system miniaturization to the patient discomfort. Enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) offer the opportunity to develop self-powered and minimally invasive glucose sensors by eliminating the need for an external power source. Nevertheless, practical applications demand for cost-effective and mass-manufacturable EFCs compatible with integration strategies. In this study, we explore for the first time the use of gold electrodes on a printed circuit board (PCB) for the development of an EFC and demonstrate its application in saliva. To increase the specific surface area, the PCB gold-plated electrodes were modified with porous gold films. At the anode, glucose oxidase is immobilized with an osmium redox polymer that serves as an electron-transfer mediator. At the cathode, bilirubin oxidase is adsorbed onto the porous gold surface with a blocking agent that prevents parasitic reactions while maintaining the enzyme catalytic activity. The resulting EFC showed a linear response to glucose in phosphate buffer within the range 50 μM to 1 mM, with a sensitivity of 14.13 μA cm-2 mM-1. The sensor was further characterized in saliva, showing the linear range of detection of 0.75 to 2 mM, which is within the physiological range, and sensitivity of 21.5 μA cm-2 mM-1. Overall, this work demonstrates that PCBs are suitable platforms for EFCs, paving the way for the development of fully integrated systems in a seamless and miniaturized device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Gonzalez-Solino
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Elena Bernalte
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Clara Bayona Royo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Richard Bennett
- School
of Chemistry & Ryan Institute, National
University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Dónal Leech
- School
of Chemistry & Ryan Institute, National
University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Mirella Di Lorenzo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- Centre
for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Buaki-Sogó M, García-Carmona L, Gil-Agustí M, Zubizarreta L, García-Pellicer M, Quijano-López A. Enzymatic Glucose-Based Bio-batteries: Bioenergy to Fuel Next-Generation Devices. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:49. [PMID: 33125588 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article consists of a review of the main concepts and paradigms established in the field of biological fuel cells or biofuel cells. The aim is to provide an overview of the current panorama, basic concepts, and methodologies used in the field of enzymatic biofuel cells, as well as the applications of these bio-systems in flexible electronics and implantable or portable devices. Finally, the challenges needing to be addressed in the development of biofuel cells capable of supplying power to small size devices with applications in areas related to health and well-being or next-generation portable devices are analyzed. The aim of this study is to contribute to biofuel cell technology development; this is a multidisciplinary topic about which review articles related to different scientific areas, from Materials Science to technology applications, can be found. With this article, the authors intend to reach a wide readership in order to spread biofuel cell technology for different scientific profiles and boost new contributions and developments to overcome future challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Buaki-Sogó
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Energía (ITE), Avenida Juan de la Cierva, 24, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura García-Carmona
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Energía (ITE), Avenida Juan de la Cierva, 24, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mayte Gil-Agustí
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Energía (ITE), Avenida Juan de la Cierva, 24, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leire Zubizarreta
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Energía (ITE), Avenida Juan de la Cierva, 24, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta García-Pellicer
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Energía (ITE), Avenida Juan de la Cierva, 24, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Quijano-López
- ITE Universitat Politécnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n edificio 6C, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hao S, Sun X, Zhang H, Zhai J, Dong S. Recent development of biofuel cell based self-powered biosensors. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3393-3407. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02428j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BFC-based SPBs have been used as power sources for other devices and as sensors for detecting toxicity and BOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Xiaoxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Junfeng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rewatkar P, Hitaishi VP, Lojou E, Goel S. Enzymatic fuel cells in a microfluidic environment: Status and opportunities. A mini review. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
10
|
Narayanan JS, Slaughter G. Towards a dual in-line electrochemical biosensor for the determination of glucose and hydrogen peroxide. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 128:56-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|