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Abdelwahab B, Ahmed GSM, El-Ghazaly M, Zoulfakar A, Salem SM, Bashter II, Mostafa AG. Performance of Iron Phosphate Glass Containing Various Heavy Metal Oxides for Particulate Nuclear Radiation Shielding. Curr Radiopharm 2024; 17:247-256. [PMID: 38192131 DOI: 10.2174/0118744710271477231105075516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employees may be exposed to different kinds of ionizing radiation at work. When ionizing radiation interacts with human cells, it can cause damage to the cells and genetic material. Therefore, one of the scientists' primary objectives has always been to create the best radiation-shielding materials. Glass could offer promising shielding material resulting from the high flexibility of composition, simplicity of production, and good thermal stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS The melt-quenching technique was used to create a glass having the following formula: 50% P2O5+20% Na2O+20% Fe2O3+10% X, where X = As2O3, SrO, BaO, CdO, and Sb2O3 mol %. The impact of the different heavy metal additions on the structure of the glass networks was studied using FTIR spectroscopy. Glass's ability to attenuate neutrons and/or charged particles has been theoretically investigated. The performance of the developed glass as a shield was examined by a comparison against commercial glass (RS 253 G18), ordinary concrete (OC), and water (H2O). RESULTS For charged particle radiations (Electrons, Protons, and Alpha), the shielding parameters like the mass stopping power, the projected range, and the effective atomic number were evaluated, where S5/Sb glass achieves the best performance. In the case of Neutrons, the results values reveal that S3/Ba glass ( ΣR = 0.105) is the best-modified glass for neutron shielding. CONCLUSION Among all the investigated glasses, S5/Sb glass composition has a smaller range and provides superior protection against charged particles. In contrast, the S3/Ba glass composition is a superior choice for shielding against neutron radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Abdelwahab
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - G S M Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M El-Ghazaly
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A Zoulfakar
- Egyptian Meteorological Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Salem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - I I Bashter
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A G Mostafa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mamun A, Sabantina L. Electrospun Magnetic Nanofiber Mats for Magnetic Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment Applications-Technology, Mechanism, and Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:1902. [PMID: 37112049 PMCID: PMC10143376 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer patients is rapidly increasing worldwide. Among the leading causes of human death, cancer can be regarded as one of the major threats to humans. Although many new cancer treatment procedures such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical methods are nowadays being developed and used for testing purposes, results show limited efficiency and high toxicity, even if they have the potential to damage cancer cells in the process. In contrast, magnetic hyperthermia is a field that originated from the use of magnetic nanomaterials, which, due to their magnetic properties and other characteristics, are used in many clinical trials as one of the solutions for cancer treatment. Magnetic nanomaterials can increase the temperature of nanoparticles located in tumor tissue by applying an alternating magnetic field. A very simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method is the fabrication of various types of functional nanostructures by adding magnetic additives to the spinning solution in the electrospinning process, which can overcome the limitations of this challenging treatment process. Here, we review recently developed electrospun magnetic nanofiber mats and magnetic nanomaterials that support magnetic hyperthermia therapy, targeted drug delivery, diagnostic and therapeutic tools, and techniques for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Mamun
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lilia Sabantina
- Faculty of Clothing Technology and Garment Engineering, HTW-Berlin University of Applied Sciences, 12459 Berlin, Germany
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Effectiveness of Kevlar and water-soaked hygienic wipes in a combined radiation shield for manned long termed space missions. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu Y, Liu B, Gu Y, Wang S, Li M. Gamma radiation shielding property of continuous fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite containing functional filler using Monte Carlo simulation. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kozlovskiy AL, Tleulessova I, Borgekov DB, Uglov VV, Anishchik VM, Zdorovets MV, Shlimas DI. Study of the Reinforcement Effect in (0.5-x)TeO 2-0.2WO 3-0.1Bi 2O 3-0.1MoO 3-0.1SiO 2-xCNDs Glasses Doped with Carbon Nanodiamonds. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3310. [PMID: 36234438 PMCID: PMC9565348 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of carbon nanodiamonds on the reinforcement and hardening of telluride glasses, as well as to establish the dependence of the strengthening properties and optical characteristics of glasses on CND concentration. According to X-ray diffraction data, the synthesized glasses have an amorphous structure despite the addition of CNDs, and at high concentrations of CNDs, reflections characteristic of small crystalline particles of carbon nanodiamonds are observed. An analysis of the strength properties of glasses depending on the concentration of the CND dopant showed that an increase in the CND concentration to 0.10-0.15 mol. leads to an increase in hardness by 33-50% in comparison with undoped samples. The studies carried out to determine the resistance to external influences found that doping leads to an increase in the resistance of strength characteristics against destruction and embrittlement, and in the case of high concentrations, the change in strength properties is minimal, which indicates a high ceramic stability degree. The study of the radiation resistance of synthesized glasses found that the addition of CNDs leads to an increase in resistance to radiation damage when irradiated with gamma rays, while also maintaining resistance to high radiation doses. The study of the shielding characteristics found that the addition of CNDs is most effective in shielding gamma rays with energies of 130-660 MeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem L. Kozlovskiy
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Indira Tleulessova
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Daryn B. Borgekov
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir V. Uglov
- Department of Solid State Physics, Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Viktor M. Anishchik
- Department of Solid State Physics, Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Maxim V. Zdorovets
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitriy I. Shlimas
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
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Storck JL, Ehrmann G, Güth U, Uthoff J, Homburg SV, Blachowicz T, Ehrmann A. Investigation of Low-Cost FDM-Printed Polymers for Elevated-Temperature Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142826. [PMID: 35890602 PMCID: PMC9323610 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While fused deposition modeling (FDM) and other relatively inexpensive 3D printing methods are nowadays used in many applications, the possible areas of using FDM-printed objects are still limited due to mechanical and thermal constraints. Applications for space, e.g., for microsatellites, are restricted by the usually insufficient heat resistance of the typical FDM printing materials. Printing high-temperature polymers, on the other hand, necessitates special FDM printers, which are not always available. Here, we show investigations of common polymers, processible on low-cost FDM printers, under elevated temperatures of up to 160 °C for single treatments. The polymers with the highest dimensional stability and mechanical properties after different temperature treatments were periodically heat-treated between -40 °C and +80 °C in cycles of 90 min, similar to the temperature cycles a microsatellite in the low Earth orbit (LEO) experiences. While none of the materials under investigation fully maintains its dimensions and mechanical properties, filled poly(lactic acid) (PLA) filaments were found most suitable for applications under these thermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lukas Storck
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.L.S.); (J.U.); (S.V.H.)
| | - Guido Ehrmann
- Virtual Institute of Applied Research on Advanced Materials (VIARAM);
| | - Uwe Güth
- Department of Physical and Biophysical Chemistry (PC III), Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Jana Uthoff
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.L.S.); (J.U.); (S.V.H.)
| | - Sarah Vanessa Homburg
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.L.S.); (J.U.); (S.V.H.)
| | - Tomasz Blachowicz
- Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Andrea Ehrmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.L.S.); (J.U.); (S.V.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Averesch NJH, Shunk GK, Kern C. Cultivation of the Dematiaceous Fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum Aboard the International Space Station and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:877625. [PMID: 35865919 PMCID: PMC9294542 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.877625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In Space, cosmic radiation is a strong, ubiquitous form of energy with constant flux, and the ability to harness it could greatly enhance the energy-autonomy of expeditions across the solar system. At the same time, radiation is the greatest permanent health risk for humans venturing into deep space. To protect astronauts beyond Earth's magnetosphere, advanced shielding against ionizing as well as non-ionizing radiation is highly sought after. In search of innovative solutions to these challenges, biotechnology appeals with suitability for in situ resource utilization (ISRU), self-regeneration, and adaptability. Where other organisms fail, certain microscopic fungi thrive in high-radiation environments on Earth, showing high radioresistance. The adaptation of some of these molds to areas, such as the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone has coined the terms positive "radiotropism" and "radiotrophy", reflecting the affinity to and stimulation by radiation, and sometimes even enhanced growth under ionizing conditions. These abilities may be mediated by the pigment melanin, many forms of which also have radioprotective properties. The expectation is that these capabilities are extendable to radiation in space. To study its growth in space, an experiment cultivating Cladosporium sphaerospermum Penzig ATCC® 11289™ aboard the International Space Station (ISS) was conducted while monitoring radiation beneath the formed biomass in comparison to a no-growth negative control. A qualitative growth advantage in space was observable. Quantitatively, a 1.21 ± 0.37-times higher growth rate than in the ground control was determined, which might indicate a radioadaptive response to space radiation. In addition, a reduction in radiation compared to the negative control was discernable, which is potentially attributable to the fungal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils J. H. Averesch
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Center for the Utilization of Biological Engineering in Space, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Graham K. Shunk
- Physics Department, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Durham, NC, United States
- Higher Orbits “Go for Launch!” Program, Leesburg, VA, United States
| | - Christoph Kern
- Department of Statistics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Trabelsi M, Mamun A, Klöcker M, Moulefera I, Pljonkin A, Elleuch K, Sabantina L. Magnetic Carbon Nanofiber Mats for Prospective Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) Sensing Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7873. [PMID: 34883875 PMCID: PMC8659674 DOI: 10.3390/s21237873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning enables simple and cost-effective production of magnetic nanofibers by adding nanoparticles to a polymer solution. In order to increase the electrical conductivity of such nanofibers, the carbonization process is crucial. In this study, the chemical and morphological properties of magnetic nanofiber mats prepared from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/magnetite were investigated. In our previous studies, PAN/magnetite nanofiber mats were carbonized at 500 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C. Here, PAN/magnetite nanofiber mats were carbonized at 1000 °C. The surface morphology of these PAN/magnetite nanofiber mats is not significantly different from nanofiber mats thermally treated at 800 °C and have remained relatively flexible at 1000 °C, which can be advantageous for various application fields. The addition of nanoparticles increased the average fiber diameter compared to pure PAN nanofiber mats and improved the dimensional stability during thermal processes. The high conductivity, the high magnetization properties, as well as shielding against electromagnetic interference of such carbonized nanofibers can be proposed for use in single photon avalanche diode (SPAD), where these properties are advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah Trabelsi
- Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Laboratory LGME, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.T.); (K.E.)
| | - Al Mamun
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Michaela Klöcker
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Imane Moulefera
- L.M.A.E. Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Mustapha Stambouli, Mascara 29000, Algeria;
| | - Anton Pljonkin
- Institute of Computer Technology and Information Security, Southern Federal University (SFedU), 347900 Taganrog, Russia;
| | - Khaled Elleuch
- Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Laboratory LGME, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.T.); (K.E.)
| | - Lilia Sabantina
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
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