Vargas-Meza J, Gonzalez-Rocha A, Campos-Nonato I, Nilson EAF, Basto-Abreu A, Barquera S, Denova-Gutiérrez E. Effective and Scalable Interventions to Reduce Sodium Intake: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Curr Nutr Rep 2023;
12:486-494. [PMID:
37226030 DOI:
10.1007/s13668-023-00477-w]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
High-sodium intake is a main risk factor for increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. Reducing sodium intake at the population level is one of the most cost-effective strategies to address this. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis are to examine data from recent studies that measure the effectiveness and scalability of interventions aimed at reducing sodium intake at both the population and individual level.
RECENT FINDINGS
Worldwide, sodium intake is higher than the World Health Organization recommendations. Structural interventions such as mandatory reformulation of foods, food labeling, taxes or subsidies, and communication campaigns have shown to be the most effective in reducing the population's sodium consumption. Interventions in education, particularly those that use a social marketing framework with short duration, food reformulation, and combined strategies, have the potential to decrease sodium intake.
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