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Endalew HW, Atlabachew M, Karavoltsos S, Sakellari A, Aslam MF, Allen L, Griffiths H, Zoumpoulakis P, Kanellou A, Yehuala TF, Abera MK, Tenagashaw MW, Cherie HA. Effect of fermentation on nutrient composition, antinutrients, and mineral bioaccessibility of finger millet based Injera: A traditional Ethiopian food. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114635. [PMID: 38945624 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Finger millet, like other cereals, contains high amounts of antinutrients that bind minerals, making them unavailable for absorption. This study explores the effect of traditional fermentation on nutritional, antinutritional, and subsequent mineral bioaccessibility (specifically iron, zinc, and calcium) of finger millet based Injera. Samples of fermented dough and Injera prepared from light brown and white finger millet varieties were analyzed for nutritional composition, antinutritional content, and mineral bioaccessibility following standard procedures. With some exceptions, the proximate composition of fermented dough was significantly affected by fermentation time. Compared to unfermented flour, the phytate and condensed tannin content significantly (p < 0.05) decreased for fermented dough and Injera samples. A strong decline in phytate and condensed tannin content was observed in white finger millet Injera as fermentation time increased, compared to light brown finger millet based Injera. The mineral bioaccessibility of Injera prepared from finger millet and maize composite flour increased with fermentation time, leading to a significant increase in bioaccessible iron, zinc, and calcium, ranging from 15.4-40.0 %, 26.8-50.8 %, and 60.9-88.5 %, respectively. The results suggest that traditional fermentation can be an effective method to reduce phytate and condensed tannin content, simultaneously increasing the bioaccessibility of minerals in the preparation of finger millet based Injera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Walle Endalew
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Sotirios Karavoltsos
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Sakellari
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Mohamad Farshard Aslam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Lara Allen
- Centre for Global Equality, 8C King's Parade, Cambridge CB2 1SJ, UK; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Howard Griffiths
- Department of Plant Sciences, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kanellou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Athens, Greece
| | - Tadesse Fenta Yehuala
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Metadel Kassahun Abera
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Wogahyehu Tenagashaw
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Bahir Dar Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Ethiopia
| | - Hirut Assaye Cherie
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Bahir Dar Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Ethiopia.
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Ramatsetse KE, Ramashia SE, Mashau ME. Effect of partial mutton meat substitution with Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) flour on physicochemical properties, lipid oxidation, and sensory acceptability of low-fat patties. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:4019-4037. [PMID: 38873485 PMCID: PMC11167189 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Health concerns regarding fat consumption, as well as shifts in customer preference, have prompted substantial studies into low-fat products. This study examined the nutritional, color, functional, and antioxidant properties of Bambara groundnut (BGN) flour varieties (cream, brown, and red-coated) grains as well as their influence on the physicochemical properties, lipid oxidation, and sensory acceptability of low-fat mutton patties. The patties were formulated with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% of BGN flour for each variety, and 100% mutton patties were used as a control. The BGN flours showed significant (p < .05) differences in their nutritional composition (except for ash content), color, functional (excluding emulsion stability), and antioxidant properties. The increase in the percentage of substitution of BGN flours significantly increased the fiber (0.00% to 0.79%), ash (1.16% to 1.99%), and carbohydrates (2.14% to 1.99%) contents of the formulated mutton patties. However, moisture and protein contents decreased. The cooking yield of the formulated patties significantly increased with the increase in the percentage substitution of BGN flours (2.5%-10%), with values ranging from 76.39% to 86.80%, but the diameter reduction was limited. The increase in the inclusion of BGN flours significantly increased the lightness, hue angle, color difference, and whiteness of patties. Nevertheless, the redness, yellowness, chroma, and yellowness index of the patties decreased. The hardness and resilience of formulated patties significantly increased, with values varying from 16.41 to 17.66 N, and from 0.35 to 0.48 J/J, respectively, whereas the springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness decreased. The lipid oxidation of formulated mutton patties significantly increased from Days 7 to 21, but was still less than that of the control sample within storage days. The sensory properties of formulated patties were not significantly different from the control sample and were above the acceptable score of five. All BGN varieties had positive effects on the mutton patties, more especially red, followed by brown, and cream, respectively. The inclusion of a 10% red BGN flour variety is highly recommended due to its significant impact on mutton patties. Nevertheless, different types of BGN varieties can each be used as additives in mutton patties without having detrimental effects on the quality parameters of the patties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kgaogelo Edwin Ramatsetse
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
| | - Shonisani Eugenia Ramashia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and BiotechnologyShoolini UniversitySolanHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Mpho Edward Mashau
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
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Gurgel de Medeiros LD, Almeida de Carvalho LB, Silva Freitas EP, Porto DL, Soares Aragão CF, Canindé de Sousa Júnior F, Florentino da Silva Chaves Damasceno KS, Fernandes de Assis C, Araújo Morais AH, Passos TS. Alternative flours from pulp melons ( Cucumis melo L.): Seasonality influence on physical, chemical, technological parameters, and utilization in bakery product. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29609. [PMID: 38756580 PMCID: PMC11096719 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Fresh vegetables have high water content and low acidity, so drying can extend shelf life, allowing the obtaining of alternative flours for the development of new products. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the melon harvest and off-season on the chemical composition of melon (Cantaloupe, Charentais e Honey Dew) flours and the potential application in products. The flours were evaluated for granulometry, morphology, centesimal composition, lipid and mineral content, total phenolic compound (TPC), antioxidant activity, and technological properties. Cakes containing melon flour were produced to replace wheat flour (0, 25, and 50 %) and evaluated for proximate composition, microbiology, and sensory parameters. Flours were classified as fine-grained (MESH >16), except Charentais off-season (medium - MESH 8-16, and fine-grained - MESH >16), and all presented a rough surface and minimal cell wall ruptures. The harvest homogeneously influenced the humidity, as all the off-season flours showed higher levels [17-22 %] (p < 0.05) due to weather conditions. For TPC, Cantaloupe melon flours from the harvest (CFH) [208 mg/100 g] and off-season [877 mg/100 g] stood out (p < 0.05), and the latter showed greater antioxidant potential [328 μmol TE/g]. Palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acid stood out in all flours, and potassium for minerals (63-78 %) in the harvest and off-season. The harvest and off-season specifically influenced the flour of each variety in swelling power, water solubility, oil absorption, and emulsifying capacity. For cakes with CFH, no thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli were detected, and the mesophilic count was <1.0 CFU/g. The ash, protein, lipid, and fiber contents increased proportionally to melon flour addition (p < 0.05). Sensory acceptance was high for cakes containing 25 and 50 % of CFH [82.78 % and 82.53 %], and most consumers would likely buy the products (4.04 and 3.99) (p < 0.05). The study contributed to knowledge about the seasonality effect and demonstrated the potential use of melon flour in developing new products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erika Paula Silva Freitas
- Nutrition Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
| | - Dayanne Lopes Porto
- Pharmacy Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Cícero Flávio Soares Aragão
- Pharmacy Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Júnior
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
- Pharmacy Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves Damasceno
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
- Nutrition Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Fernandes de Assis
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
- Pharmacy Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Ana Heloneida Araújo Morais
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
- Nutrition Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078970, Brazil
| | - Thaís Souza Passos
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
- Nutrition Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078900, Brazil
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Yan X, McClements DJ, Luo S, Ye J, Liu C. A review of the effects of fermentation on the structure, properties, and application of cereal starch in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38532611 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2334269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Fermentation is one of the oldest food processing techniques known to humans and cereal fermentation is still widely used to create many types of foods and beverages. Starch is a major component of cereals and the changes in its structure and function during fermentation are of great importance for scientific research and industrial applications. This review summarizes the preparation of fermented cereals and the effects of fermentation on the structure, properties, and application of cereal starch in foods. The most important factors influencing cereal fermentation are pretreatment, starter culture, and fermentation conditions. Fermentation preferentially hydrolyzes the amorphous regions of starch and fermented starches have a coarser appearance and a smaller molecular weight. In addition, fermentation increases the starch gelatinization temperature and enthalpy and reduces the setback viscosity. This means that fermentation leads to a more stable and retrogradation-resistant structure, which could expand its application in products prone to staling during storage. Furthermore, fermented cereals have potential health benefits. This review may have important implications for the modulation of the quality and nutritional value of starch-based foods through fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - David Julian McClements
- Biopolymers and Colloids Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Shunjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiangping Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Murungweni KT, Ramashia SE, Mashau ME. Effect of malting on physicochemical, antioxidant, and microstructural properties of finger millet ( Eleusine coracana) flours. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:547-563. [PMID: 38268874 PMCID: PMC10804109 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.) is a gluten-free crop with a high amount of fiber, calcium and iron, outstanding malting qualities and a low glycemic index. The study aimed to determine the physicochemical, functional, antioxidant and microstructural properties of malted finger millet (light and dark brown) flours. The two varieties of finger millet grains were germinated for 0, 24, 48 and 72 h and kilned for 8 h. The lightness (L*) values of malted finger millet flours significantly increased, with light brown having the highest L* value of 76.62. The hue angle and total color differences (ΔE) of the malted finger millet flours increased significantly (p ≤ .05.), and values ranged from 63.43° to 71.20° (light brown) and 2.12° to 4.32° (dark brown), respectively. The moisture, ash, fiber, protein, total phenolic, total flavonoids contents and DPPH activity of both malted finger millet flours significantly increased. On the contrary, the fat, carbohydrate, energy contents and FRAP activity significantly decreased with each malting period of both finger millet flours. Both malted finger millet flours' solubility index, water and oil absorption capacity increased significantly while the packed and loose bulk density decreased. Malting had no significant effect on the viscosity of the cold paste; however, a significant decrease in the viscosity of the cooked paste in both finger millet flours was observed, with values ranging from 285 to 424.00 cP (light brown) and 271.33 to 418.00 cP (dark brown), respectively. Malting resulted in changes in the thermal properties of finger millet flours with an increase in the onset, peak and conclusion temperatures. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectra showed that malting slightly changed the peaks of both finger millet flours. Scanning electron microscopy showed that malting altered the microstructural characteristics of finger millet flours. The results showed that malted finger millet flours are promising raw materials for gluten-free bakery products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundai Thelma Murungweni
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
| | - Shonisani Eugenia Ramashia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and BiotechnologyShoolini UniversitySolanIndia
| | - Mpho Edward Mashau
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa
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Ali A, Bhattacharjee B. Nutrition security, constraints, and agro-diversification strategies of neglected and underutilized crops to fight global hidden hunger. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144439. [PMID: 37426189 PMCID: PMC10324569 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neglected and underutilized crop species (NUCS) or forbidden crops offer tremendous potential to combat malnutrition, poverty, and global hidden hunger. Since overdependence on a few dominant cereal crops, viz., rice, maize, and wheat, is insufficient to meet the global food energy intake, the identification, genetic improvement, and implementation of various policies for wenumerates comprehensive comparative analyses of the nutrient profile of staple crops vs. potent underutilized crops with reference to cultivation constraints and climate resilience with different agro-diversification strategies. Methodology The research databases Scopus, JSTOR, Web of Science, EBSCO, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Academic Search were searched using relevant research queries. Result Out of 2,345 hits, 99 articles pertinent to the subject domain showed that underutilized crops are nutritionally superior, contain health-promoting bioactive components, and are more climate resilient than cereal crops. However, several constraints hinder the efficient utilization of these crops. Discussion Despite underutilized crops' many health benefits, improved cultivation techniques for the large-scale production of these crops are still in their infancy. Most of the time, however, the scientific knowledge gleaned from various study domains stays within the scientific community. The most crucial need of the hour, therefore, is an efficient network structure connecting governments, farmers, researchers, and people in business. Moreover, care must be taken to ensure that the policies of governments and INGOs/NGOs are properly implemented within a NUCS framework.
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Evaluation of the technological properties of rice starch modified by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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