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Zhao B, Liu X, Cheng Z, Liu X, Zhang X, Feng X. Smartphone-integrated paper-based sensing platform for the visualization and quantitative detection of pymetrozine. Food Chem 2024; 440:138269. [PMID: 38157705 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Pymetrozine (PYM) is an effective pyridine insecticide for controlling aphids, while its residues pose a serious threat to human health. Herein, a europium complex (Eu-DBPA, DBPA represents deprotonated 2,5-dibromoterephthalic acid ligand) probe was prepared for the detection of PYM via fluorescence quenching. The detection process has the advantages of short response time (2 min), wide linear range (0-4 and 4-45 mg/kg) and low detection limit (2.2 μg/kg). Furthermore, a portable detection platform was designed by integrating Eu-DBPA-based paper strip with smartphone and applied for the visual detection of PYM in real cucumber, tomato, cabbage and apple samples, obtaining satisfactory recovery (99.00 %-107.00 %) and low standard deviation (RSD < 3.4 %). In addition, a logic gate device was designed to simplify the detection process. The smartphone-integrated paper-based probe detection platform provides a new strategy for intelligent and online identification of hazards in environmental and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Xinfang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.
| | - Zheng Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China.
| | - Xun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
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Liu Y, Wang X, Wang S. Environmental fate and safety analysis of methoxyfenozide application to control litchi and longan pests. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:37316-37325. [PMID: 38769265 PMCID: PMC11182796 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Litchi and longan pests significantly affect crop yield and quality. Chemical prevention and control are very effective for production; therefore, it is crucial to study fate assessment and appropriate field efficacy before pesticide application on crops to appropriately assess the health and ecological risks linked with these agents. This study conducted Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) field trials and laboratory experiments to elucidate the dissipation, terminal residues, and efficacy of methoxyfenozide on litchi and longan in six locations throughout China. To detect methoxyfenozide residues on litchi and longan, a QuEChERS/UPLC-MS/MS-based method was designed. The initial methoxyfenozide levels in litchi and longan ranged from 2.21-2.86 to 0.83-0.95 mg kg-1 and indicated half-lives of 5.1-5.3 and 5.3-5.7 days, respectively. After 7 days of foliage treatment, the concentrations of terminal methoxyfenozide residue were 0.78-2.61 and 0.02-1.01 mg kg-1, which were less than the established maximum residue limit for methoxyfenozide in litchi and longan. The chronic (acceptable daily intake = 0.0055-0.0331%) dietary intake risk analysis for methoxyfenozide in longan and litchi indicated acceptable concentrations of terminal residue for the general population. Methoxyfenozide in litchi and longan was readily degraded in first-order kinetics models, the degradation rate on longan was higher than that on litchi, and their dietary risks were negligible to consumers. Two hundred forty grams per liter of methoxyfenozide suspension concentrate (SC) represents a highly efficacious insecticidal dose to control litchi and longan pests and indicates a significant application potential as it is rapidly degraded and linked with reduced post-treatment residue levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control On Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control On Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control On Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Ye H, Fang N, Luo Y, Wang X, Li Y, He H, Cheng Y, Zhang C. Residue Analysis and Dietary Risk Assessment of Pymetrozine in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and Chrysanthemum morifolium (Ramat). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3905. [PMID: 38005801 PMCID: PMC10675590 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Pymetrozine is used on potato (S. tuberosum) and Chrysanthemum morifolium (C. morifolium) to obtain greater yield and quality. However, pesticide use carries the potential for residues to remain and be detected on harvested crops. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate pesticide residues in S. tuberosum and C. morifolium products that are commercially available for human consumption and to assess the associated dietary risks. For this study, a total of 340 samples (200 S. tuberosum samples and 140 C. morifolium samples) were collected randomly from supermarkets and farmer's markets. Residues of pymetrozine in S. tuberosum and C. morifolium were detected by using an established and validated QuECHERS-HPLC-MS / MS method, while a dietary risk assessment of pymetrozine in S. tuberosum and C. morifolium was performed using these data. The detection rates of pymetrozine in S. tuberosum and C. morifolium samples were 92.31% and 98.17%, respectively, with residues not more than 0.036 and 0.024 mg/kg, respectively. Based on these results, the dietary risk assessment indicated that the intake of pymetrozine residues in S. tuberosum and C. morifolium does not pose a health risk. This work improved our understanding of the potential exposure risk of pymetrozine in S. tuberosum and C. morifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, China
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Hui Ye
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Nan Fang
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Yuqin Luo
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Yanjie Li
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Hongmei He
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Youpu Cheng
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Changpeng Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (N.F.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (H.H.)
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Zhang X, Li Z. Generalizing routes of plant exposure to pesticides by plant uptake models to assess pesticide application efficiency. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115145. [PMID: 37327522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide application techniques are critical not only for integrated pest management (IPM) but also for food and environmental safety. Assessing pesticide application efficiency on plants can help optimize IPM and reduce pesticide environmental impacts. With hundreds of pesticides registered for use in agriculture, this study proposed a modeling approach based on plant uptake models for generalizing routes of plant chemical exposures that can correspond to different types of pesticide application methods and evaluating their respective efficiency on plants. Three representative pesticide application methods (i.e., drip irrigation, foliar spray, and broadcast application) were selected for modeling simulations. The simulation results for three representative pesticides (i.e., halofenozide, pymetrozine, and paraquat) revealed that the soil-based transpiration exposure route facilitated the bioaccumulation of moderately lipophilic compounds in leaves and fruits. While the plant surface-based exposure route (i.e., leaf cuticle penetration) made it easier for highly lipophilic compounds to enter plants, moderately lipophilic pesticides (i.e., log KOW ∼ 2) were more soluble in phloem sap, which enhanced their subsequent transport within plant tissues. In general, moderately lipophilic pesticides had the highest simulated residue concentrations in plant tissues for the three specific application methods, indicating they had the highest application efficiency due to their enhanced uptake routes (via transpiration and surface penetration) and increased solubility in xylem and phloem saps. Compared to foliar spray and broadcast application, drip irrigation produced higher residue concentrations for a wide variety of pesticides, exhibiting the highest application efficiency for many pesticides, especially for moderately lipophilic compounds. Future research should incorporate plant growth stages, crop safety, pesticide formulations, and multiple application events into the modeling approach for understanding pesticide application efficiency evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zijian Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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Armenova N, Tsigoriyna L, Arsov A, Petrov K, Petrova P. Microbial Detoxification of Residual Pesticides in Fermented Foods: Current Status and Prospects. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061163. [PMID: 36981090 PMCID: PMC10048192 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of agricultural areas with pesticides is an indispensable approach to improve crop yields and cannot be avoided in the coming decades. At the same time, significant amounts of pesticides remain in food and their ingestion causes serious damage such as neurological, gastrointestinal, and allergic reactions; cancer; and even death. However, during the fermentation processing of foods, residual amounts of pesticides are significantly reduced thanks to enzymatic degradation by the starter and accompanying microflora. This review concentrates on foods with the highest levels of pesticide residues, such as milk, yogurt, fermented vegetables (pickles, kimchi, and olives), fruit juices, grains, sourdough, and wines. The focus is on the molecular mechanisms of pesticide degradation due to the presence of specific microbial species. They contain a unique genetic pool that confers an appropriate enzymological profile to act as pesticide detoxifiers. The prospects of developing more effective biodetoxification strategies by engaging probiotic lactic acid bacteria are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya Armenova
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lidia Tsigoriyna
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexander Arsov
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kaloyan Petrov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Penka Petrova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
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Yin X, Li H, Wu S, Lu Y, Yang Y, Qin L, Li L, Xiao J, Liang J, Si Y, Le T, Peng D. A sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of pymetrozine in vegetable, cereal, and meat. Food Chem 2023; 418:135949. [PMID: 36989652 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Pymetrozine is a neonicotinoid insecticide with high efficacy against aphids and planthoppers, and has been used worldwide. To monitor its residue in food, a highly specific and sensitive monoclonal antibody (McAb) was prepared, and an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was developed to detect pymetrozine, with a 50% inhibition value (IC50) of 7.70 μg/L. The McAb showed little affinity for acetamiprid, hexazinone, metamitron, nitenpyram, metribuzin, and imidacloprid. The limits of detection (LOD) calculated from the analysis of broccoli, cabbage, wheat, maize, rice, chicken, fish, and crayfish samples were from 1.56 to 2.72 μg/kg and the average recoveries were from 81.25 to 103.19%. icELISA was confirmed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These results demonstrated that the optimised icELISA is a convenient and effective analytical tool for monitoring pymetrozine residues in food.
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Ambrus Á, Doan VVN, Szenczi-Cseh J, Szemánné-Dobrik H, Vásárhelyi A. Quality Control of Pesticide Residue Measurements and Evaluation of Their Results. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030954. [PMID: 36770626 PMCID: PMC9920035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide residues are monitored in many countries around the world. The main aims of the programs are to provide data for dietary exposure assessment of consumers to pesticide residues and for verifying the compliance of the residue concentrations in food with the national or international maximum residue limits. Accurate residue data are required to reach valid conclusions in both cases. The validity of the analytical results can be achieved by the implementation of suitable quality control protocols during sampling and determination of pesticide residues. To enable the evaluation of the reliability of the results, it is not sufficient to test and report the recovery, linearity of calibration, the limit of detection/quantification, and MS detection conditions. The analysts should also pay attention to and possibly report the selection of the portion of sample material extracted and the residue components according to the purpose of the work, quality of calibration, accuracy of standard solutions, and reproducibility of the entire laboratory phase of the determination of pesticide residues. The sources of errors potentially affecting the measured residue values and the methods for controlling them are considered in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Ambrus
- Doctoral School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Vy Vy Ngoc Doan
- Southern Pesticide Control and Testing Center, Plant Protection Department, 71007 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Henriett Szemánné-Dobrik
- Food Chain Safety Centre, Non-profit Ltd., Pesticide Residue Analytical Laboratory, 3529 Miskolc, Hungary
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Yoon J, Lim D, Lee S, Kim J, Kim I. Uptake of Soil-Residual Diazinon by Rotational Lettuce under Greenhouse Conditions. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213510. [PMID: 36360122 PMCID: PMC9654464 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticide residue is an increasing concern in rotational crop practices. The pesticide used for the primary crop may re-enter the secondary crop, thus exceeding pesticide levels set by the positive list system (PLS). As such, evaluation of pesticide residue translocated into rotational crops is required for ensuring pesticide safety. In this study, we investigated the residue pattern of diazinon translocated into lettuce as a typical rotational crop in Korea. Diazinon was used to treat greenhouse soil at the maximum annual application rate before crop planting. Diazinon residues in soil and lettuce were investigated using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectroscopy and a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe (QuEChERS) method. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of diazinon was found as 0.005 mg/kg for the plant and soil samples. The recovery of diazinon at the LOQ and 10× the LOQ ranged from 100.2% to 108.7%. The matrix calibration curve showed linearity, with R2 values > 0.998. Diazinon residue in soil dissipated over time after the initial treatment, generating first-order kinetics (R2 = 0.9534) and having a half-life of about 22 days. The uptake ratio (UTR) of diazinon from the soil to the plant ranged from 0.002 to 0.026 over the harvest period. Considering the UTRs, diazinon residue in the edible leaf could exceed the PLS level (0.01 mg/kg) if lettuce is rotated in soil containing >0.357 mg/kg of diazinon. Based on our findings, to comply with the PLS, a 3-month plant-back interval is required following diazinon treatment and/or setting the maximum residue limit of diazinon for lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Inseon Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2131; Fax: +82-62-530-2139
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