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Xie H, Gu Q, Chen W, Meng X, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Li H. Mitigation of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors, along with the antibrowning and antimicrobial effects of cassia seed microbial fermentation solution. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1400505. [PMID: 38784817 PMCID: PMC11112119 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1400505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cassia seeds, originating from the mature seeds of leguminous cassia species, possess pharmacological effects attributed to their rich composition of various active ingredients, notably anthraquinones. While current research predominantly focuses on pharmaceutical extractions, there has been limited progress in fermentation studies. Methods Our study aimed to enhance the content of active compounds such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, and polyphenols using microbial fermentation techniques. We specifically optimized a fermentation system through a single-factor experimental design. Results The antioxidant properties of the fermentation solution were validated through assays involving HaCaT cells and zebrafish. We observed effective suppression of inflammatory reactions in both RAW264.7 cells and transgenic zebrafish by the fermentation solution. Moreover, significant inhibition of tyrosinase activity and melanin production was evident in B16-F10 cells and zebrafish. Positive outcomes were also obtained in antibacterial assays and chick embryo experiments. Discussion These findings highlight the potential of cassia seed fermentation solution as a safe and eco-friendly material in food chemistry and biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quliang Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiji Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Qingdao Benyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - He Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Sadeghi A, Rajabiyan A, Nabizade N, Meygoli Nezhad N, Zarei-Ahmady A. Seaweed-derived phenolic compounds as diverse bioactive molecules: A review on identification, application, extraction and purification strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131147. [PMID: 38537857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Seaweed, a diverse group of marine macroalgae, has emerged as a rich source of bioactive compounds with numerous health-promoting properties. Among these, phenolic compounds have garnered significant attention for their diverse therapeutic applications. This review examines the methodologies employed in the extraction and purification of phenolic compounds from seaweed, emphasizing their importance in unlocking the full potential of these oceanic treasures. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the structural diversity and biological activities of seaweed-derived phenolics, elucidating their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Furthermore, it explores the impact of extraction techniques, including conventional methods and modern green technologies, on the yield and quality of phenolic extracts. The purification strategies for isolating specific phenolic compounds are also discussed, shedding light on the challenges and advancements in this field. Additionally, the review highlights the potential applications of seaweed-derived phenolics in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional foods, underscoring the economic value of these compounds. Finally, future perspectives and research directions are proposed to encourage continued exploration of seaweed phenolics, fostering a deeper understanding of their therapeutic potential and promoting sustainable practices in the extraction and purification processes. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers interested in harnessing the untapped potential of phenolic compounds from seaweed for the betterment of human health and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Sadeghi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ali Rajabiyan
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Nafise Nabizade
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Najme Meygoli Nezhad
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Amanollah Zarei-Ahmady
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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3
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Hurkul MM, Cetinkaya A, Kaya SI, Yayla S, Ozkan SA. Investigation of Health Effects of Major Phenolic Compounds in Foods: Extraction Processes, Analytical Approaches and Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-35. [PMID: 38650305 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2336981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The escalating costs of healthcare services and a growing awareness of personal health responsibilities have led individuals to explore natural methods alongside conventional medicines for health improvement and disease prevention. The aging global population is experiencing increased health needs, notably related to conditions like diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Lifestyle-related diseases, poor dietary habits, and sedentary lifestyles underscore the importance of foods containing nutrients that can aid in preventing and managing these diseases. Phenolic compounds, a fundamental group of phytochemicals, are prominent in the chemical diversity of the natural world and are abundant in functional foods. Widely distributed in various plant parts, these compounds exhibit important functional and sensory properties, including color, taste, and aroma. Their diverse functionalities, particularly antioxidant activity, play a crucial role in mitigating cellular oxidative stress, potentially reducing damage associated with serious health issues such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disea23ses, and cancer. Phenolic compounds exist in different forms, some combined with glycosides, impacting their biological effects and absorption. Approximately 8000 polyphenols isolated from plants offer significant potential for natural medicines and nutritional supplements. Therefore, their extraction process and selective and sensitive food determination are very important. This review focuses on the extraction processes, analytical methods, and health effects of major phenolic compounds in foods. The examination encompasses a comprehensive analysis of analytical approaches and their applications in elucidating the presence and impact of these compounds on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mesud Hurkul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cetinkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Irem Kaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seyda Yayla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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4
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Walczak-Skierska J, Krakowska-Sieprawska A, Monedeiro F, Złoch M, Pomastowski P, Cichorek M, Olszewski J, Głowacka K, Gużewska G, Szultka-Młyńska M. Silicon's Influence on Polyphenol and Flavonoid Profiles in Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) under Cadmium Exposure in Hydroponics: A Study of Metabolomics, Extraction Efficacy, and Antimicrobial Properties of Extracts. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14899-14910. [PMID: 38585133 PMCID: PMC10993280 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the impact of silicon (Si) supplementation in the form of Na2SiO3 on the metabolome of peas under normal conditions and following exposure to cadmium (Cd) stress. Si is known for its ability to enhance stress tolerance in various plant species, including the mitigation of heavy metal toxicity. Cd, a significant contaminant, poses risks to both human health and the environment. The study focused on analyzing the levels of bioactive compounds in different plant parts, including the shoot, root, and pod, to understand the influence of Si supplementation on their biosynthesis. Metabolomic analysis of pea samples was conducted using a targeted HPLC/MS approach, enabling the identification of 15 metabolites comprising 9 flavonoids and 6 phenolic acids. Among the detected compounds, flavonoids, such as flavon and quercetin, along with phenolic acids, including chlorogenic acid and salicylic acid, were found in significant quantities. The study compared Si supplementation at concentrations of 1 and 2 mM, as well as Cd stress conditions, to evaluate their effects on the metabolomic profile. Additionally, the study explored the extraction efficiency of three different methods: accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and maceration (MAC). The results revealed that SFE was the most efficient method for extracting polyphenolic compounds from the pea samples. Moreover, the study investigated the stability of polyphenolic compounds under different pH conditions, ranging from 4.0 to 6.0, providing insights into the influence of the pH on the extraction and stability of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Walczak-Skierska
- Centre
for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, Torun 87-100, Poland
| | - Aneta Krakowska-Sieprawska
- Department
of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Fernanda Monedeiro
- Centre
for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, Torun 87-100, Poland
| | - Michał Złoch
- Centre
for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, Torun 87-100, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre
for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, Torun 87-100, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cichorek
- Department
of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Jacek Olszewski
- Experimental
Education Unit, University of Warmia and
Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 1, Olsztyn 10-721, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- Department
of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Gaja Gużewska
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, Torun 87-100, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, Torun 87-100, Poland
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Osorio-Cruz Y, Olivares-Corichi IM, Correa-Basurto J, González-Garrido JA, Pereyra-Vergara F, Rivera G, García-Sánchez JR. The Autoxidized Mixture of (-)-Epicatechin Contains Procyanidins and Shows Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Activity in Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:258. [PMID: 38399473 PMCID: PMC10892779 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
For this study, procyanidins generated through the autoxidation of (-)-epicatechin (Flavan-3-ol) under mildly acidic conditions (pH = 6.0) were characterized with ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Two procyanidins (types A and B) and a mix of oligomers were generated through the autoxidation of (-)-epicatechin. The antiproliferative activity of this mixture of procyanidins on MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells was evaluated. The results indicate that the procyanidin mixture inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells, where the activity of the procyanidin mixture was stronger than that of (-)-epicatechin. Moreover, the mechanism underlying the antiproliferative activity of procyanidins was investigated. The resulting data demonstrate that the procyanidins induced apoptotic cell death in a manner selective to cancerous cells. In particular, they caused the activation of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in the breast cancer cells. The findings obtained in this study demonstrate that the generation of procyanidins in vitro by the autoxidation of (-)-epicatechin has potential for the development of anti-breast cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazmin Osorio-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico; (Y.O.-C.); (F.P.-V.)
| | - Ivonne María Olivares-Corichi
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico; (Y.O.-C.); (F.P.-V.)
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - José Arnold González-Garrido
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa KM. 1 Colonia la Esmeralda, Villahermosa 86690, Mexico;
| | - Fernando Pereyra-Vergara
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico; (Y.O.-C.); (F.P.-V.)
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico;
| | - José Rubén García-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico; (Y.O.-C.); (F.P.-V.)
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6
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Myo H, Liana D, Phanumartwiwath A. Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: Comprehensive Extraction, Profiling, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds from Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. for Dermatological Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:33. [PMID: 38202343 PMCID: PMC10781016 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Herbal medicine has been studied as an alternate approach to modern medicine as it is more cost-effective and accessible via natural sources. Eclipta alba (E. alba, L.) Hassk. is a weed plant abundantly distributed throughout different regions of the world and contains abundant bioactive compounds used for various skin conditions. In this review, we aimed to gather information from the literature about the extraction, separation, and identification of these bioactive compounds and their potential in skin diseases. Relevant studies published before August 2023 were identified and selected from electronic databases, including Scopus, SciFinder, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Wiley Library, using the following keywords: Eclipta alba, Eclipta prostrata, phytochemicals, extraction, separation, isolation, identification, characterization, pharmacological activity, and skin conditions. Up-to-date extraction, separation, and identification methods of bioactive compounds from E. alba and their skin-related pharmacological activities are discussed in this review. As there are limitations regarding extraction, separation, and identification methods, and in-depth mechanistic and human studies of the skin-related pharmacological activities of bioactive compounds, these gaps are areas for future research to expand our understanding and broaden the potential applications of this medicinal weed plant, including the development of cosmeceutical and skincare products, anti-inflammatory agents, and formulations for dermatological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anuchit Phanumartwiwath
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (H.M.); (D.L.)
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Hur JY, Lee S, Shin WR, Kim YH, Ahn JY. The emerging role of medical foods and therapeutic potential of medical food-derived exosomes. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:32-50. [PMID: 38125597 PMCID: PMC10729880 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Medical food is consumed for the purpose of improving specific nutritional requirements or disease conditions, such as inflammation, diabetes, and cancer. It involves partial or exclusive feeding for fulfilling unique nutritional requirements of patients and is different from medicine, consisting of basic nutrients, such as polyphenols, vitamins, sugars, proteins, lipids, and other functional ingredients to nourish the patients. Recently, studies on extracellular vesicles (exosomes) with therapeutic and drug carrier potential have been actively conducted. In addition, there have been attempts to utilize exosomes as medical food components. Consequently, the application of exosomes is expanding in different fields with increasing research being conducted on their stability and safety. Herein, we introduced the current trends of medical food and the potential utilization of exosomes in them. Moreover, we proposed Medi-Exo, a exosome-based medical food. Furthermore, we comprehensively elucidate various disease aspects between medical food-derived exosomes (Medi-Exo) and therapeutic natural bionanocomposites. This review highlights the therapeutic challenges regarding Medi-Exo and its potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Hur
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
| | - SeonHyung Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania 210 S 33rd St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Woo-Ri Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania 210 S 33rd St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
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Claro RO, Rivero-Wendt CLG, Miranda-Vilela AL, Grisolia CK, Facco GG, Moreira DDL, Matias R, Guilhermino JDF. Toxicological effects of aqueous extract of Genipa americana L. leaves on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio): Chemical profile, histopathological effects and lack of genotoxicity. Toxicon 2023; 235:107305. [PMID: 37839738 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Genipa americana is a native plant of Brazil with potential applications in folk medicine. Whereas most of the phytochemical and pharmacological studies on this plant have focused on its fruits, the crude extracts of its leaves contain chemical metabolites that may have toxicity to organisms, which have yet to be investigated. This study aimed to determine the main groups of secondary metabolites in the aqueous extract of the leaves of G. americana by phytochemistry and qualitative HPLC, and to evaluate the possible toxicological effects and histopathological changes caused by this extract in zebrafish (Danio rerio) adults, through micronucleus test, nuclear abnormalities and histopathological analyses of gills and liver. While three metabolites of high intensity (phenolic compounds, flavonoids and triterpenes) were found in the phytochemical evaluation, the HPLC showed results compatible with flavonoids and iridoids, all belonging to common classes for this species and the Rubiaceae family. The acute toxicity test did not induce mortality or genotoxicity in zebrafish, but after exposure for 96 h, it was possible to observe injuries to the fish gill tissue, such as lamellar fusion, vasodilation and telangiectasia; in the liver, necrosis was visualized at 40 mg/L, and at higher concentrations (80 and 100 mg/L) induced sinusoidal widening was identified. In conclusion, the results demonstrated the toxic potential of this plant for aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Oliveira Claro
- Graduate Program in Environment and Regional Development, Universidade Anhanguera -Uniderp. Rua Alexandre Herculano, 1400, Jardim Veraneio, 79037-280, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carla Letícia Gediel Rivero-Wendt
- Graduate Program in Animal Biology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Av. Costa e Silva, Pioneiros, 79070-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Cesar Koppe Grisolia
- Biological Sciences Institute, University of Brasília. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Bloco E, Asa Norte, 70910-900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Gilberto Golçalves Facco
- Graduate Program in Environment and Regional Development, Universidade Anhanguera -Uniderp. Rua Alexandre Herculano, 1400, Jardim Veraneio, 79037-280, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Natural Products Department, Far-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rosemary Matias
- Graduate Program in Environment and Regional Development, Universidade Anhanguera -Uniderp. Rua Alexandre Herculano, 1400, Jardim Veraneio, 79037-280, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Jislaine de Fátima Guilhermino
- Natural Products Department, Far-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Costa RD, Domínguez-Perles R, Abraão A, Gomes V, Gouvinhas I, Barros AN. Exploring the Antioxidant Potential of Phenolic Compounds from Winery By-Products by Hydroethanolic Extraction. Molecules 2023; 28:6660. [PMID: 37764436 PMCID: PMC10535758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The residues generated in the wine industry (pomace, stems, seeds, wine lees, and grapevine shoots) are a potential source of bioactive compounds that can be used in other industries despite being sometimes underestimated. Different extraction methods using various solvents and extraction conditions are currently being investigated. Due to its natural occurrence in wines, safe behavior, and low toxicity when compared to other organic solvents, ethanol is used as an extracting agent. The aim of this study was to identify the winery by-product from the Região Demarcada do Douro and its corresponding extraction solvents that yields the most favorable results in (poly)phenols content and antioxidant capacity. To achieve this, five different ratios of ethanol: water, namely 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 (v/v), for extracting the phenolic compounds were employed. Afterwards, the determination of total phenolic content (TPC), ortho-diphenols content (ODC), and flavonoid content (FC) as well as the antioxidant capacity of the obtained extracts using three different methods was performed. Since the best results of the spectrophotometric assays were obtained mostly with hydroethanolic extracts of stems (50:50, v/v), identification by HPLC-DAD has carried out. It was possible to conclude that the Tinta Roriz variety displayed the highest number of identified (poly)phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dias Costa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab (LabFAS), CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Abraão
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Véronique Gomes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Hernández-Fernández J, Cano H, Reyes AF. Valoration of the Synthetic Antioxidant Tris-(Diterbutyl-Phenol)-Phosphite (Irgafos P-168) from Industrial Wastewater and Application in Polypropylene Matrices to Minimize Its Thermal Degradation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073163. [PMID: 37049926 PMCID: PMC10096021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial wastewater from petrochemical processes is an essential source of the synthetic phenolic phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos P-168), which negatively affects the environment. For the determination and analysis of Irgafos P-168, DSC, HPLC-MS, and FTIR methodologies were used. Solid phase extraction (SPE) proved to be the best technique for extracting Irgafos from wastewater. HPLC-MS and SPE determined the repeatability, reproducibility, and linearity of the method and the SPE of the standards and samples. The relative standard deviations, errors, and correlation coefficients for the repeatability and reproducibility of the calibration curves were less than 4.4% and 4.2% and greater than 0.99955, respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA), using the Fisher method with confidence in 95% of the data, did not reveal significant differences between the mentioned parameters. The removal of the antioxidant from the wastewater by SPE showed recovery percentages higher than 91.03%, and the chemical characterization of this antioxidant by FTIR spectroscopy, DSC, TGA, and MS showed it to be structurally the same as the Irgafos P-168 molecule. The recovered Irgafos was added to the polypropylene matrix, significantly improving its oxidation times. An OIT analysis, performed using DSC, showed that the recovered Irgafos-blended polypropylene (PP) demonstrated oxidative degradation at 8 min. With the addition of the Irgafos, the oxidation time was 13 min. This increases the polypropylene’s useful life and minimizes the environmental impact of the wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Hernández-Fernández
- Chemistry Program, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, San Pablo Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia
- Chemical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolivar, Parque Industrial y Tecnológico Carlos Vélez Pombo, Km 1 Vía Turbaco, Turbaco 130001, Colombia
- Department of Natural and Exact Science, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 30300, Colombia
| | - Heidis Cano
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Ana Fonseca Reyes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081007, Colombia
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Leichtweis MG, Molina AK, Petropoulos SA, Carocho M, Pires TCSP, Dias MI, Calhelha R, Oliveira MBPP, Pereira C, Barros L. Valorization of Pumpkin Peel as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: Optimization of Heat- and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073168. [PMID: 37049931 PMCID: PMC10096157 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The peels from three pumpkin genotypes cultivated in Greece were assessed for their phenolic content and bioactive properties to obtain extracts with a high preservative capacity. The optimization of the extraction was performed through response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box–Behnken experimental design after applying two extraction techniques: heat-assisted (HAE) and ultrasound-assisted (UAE) extraction. The implemented independent variables were time, solvent concentration, and temperature/power (for HAE/UAE), while as dependent variables the dry residue (DR), reducing power (RP), and total phenolic content (TP) were considered. In general, HAE was the most effective technique for ‘TL’ (75 min; 30 °C; 24% ethanol) and ‘Voutirato’ (15 min; 30 °C; 10% ethanol), while UAE was more effective for ‘Leuka Melitis’ (5 min; 400 W; 0% ethanol). The extracts obtained in the global optimum conditions for each genotype peel were then assessed for their phenolic profile, by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS, and bioactive potential. Seven phenolic compounds were detected, including four flavonoids, two phenolic acids, and one flavan-3-ol. The extracts presented high antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal potential, with no cytotoxicity for non-tumor cells. The optimized conditions for the extraction of preservative compounds from bioresidues were defined, allowing the acquisition of antioxidant and antimicrobial extracts and proving their potential for food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Leichtweis
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Adriana K. Molina
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Márcio Carocho
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Tânia C. S. P. Pires
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE—Science Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Babotă M, Frumuzachi O, Nicolescu A, Dias MI, Pinela J, Barros L, Añibarro-Ortega M, Stojković D, Carević T, Mocan A, López V, Crișan G. Thymus Species from Romanian Spontaneous Flora as Promising Source of Phenolic Secondary Metabolites with Health-Related Benefits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020390. [PMID: 36829949 PMCID: PMC9952121 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild thyme aerial parts (Serpylli herba) are recognized as a valuable herbal product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Although pharmacopoeial regulations allow its collection exclusively from Thymus serpyllum, substitution with other species is frequent in current practice. This study analyzed the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and enzyme-inhibitory and antimicrobial activity of the hydroethanolic extracts obtained from five Romanian wild thyme species (Thymus alpestris, T. glabrescens, T. panonicus, T. pulcherimus and T. pulegioides). The analysis of individual phenolic constituents was performed through LC-ESI-DAD/MS2, while for the in vitro evaluation of antioxidant potential, TEAC, FRAP, DPPH, TBARS and OxHLIA assays were employed. The anti-enzymatic potential was tested in vitro against tyrosinase, α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase. High rosmarinic acid contents were quantified in all species (20.06 ± 0.32-80.49 ± 0.001 mg/g dry extract); phenolic acids derivatives (including salvianolic acids) were confirmed as the principal metabolites of T. alpestris and T. glabrescens, while eriodictyol-O-di-hexoside was found exclusively in T. alpestris. All species showed strong antioxidant potential and moderate anti-enzymatic effect against α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase, showing no anti-tyrosinase activity. This is the first detailed report on the chemical and biological profile of T. alpestris collected from Romanian spontaneous flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Babotă
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oleg Frumuzachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Nicolescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Advanced Horticulture Research of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Mikel Añibarro-Ortega
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Carević
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Advanced Horticulture Research of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-742-017-816
| | - Víctor López
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gianina Crișan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Enrichment of 3D-Printed k-Carrageenan Food Gel with Callus Tissue of Narrow-Leaved Lupin Lupinus angustifolius. Gels 2023; 9:gels9010045. [PMID: 36661811 PMCID: PMC9857940 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to develop and evaluate the printability of k-carrageenan inks enriched with callus tissue of lupin (L. angustifolius) and to determine the effect of two lupin calluses (LA14 and LA16) on the texture and digestibility of 3D-printed gel. The results demonstrated that the enriched ink was successfully 3D printed at concentrations of 33 and 50 g/100 mL of LA14 callus and 33 g/100 mL of LA16 callus. The feasibility of 3D printing is extremely reduced at higher concentrations of callus material in the ink. The hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess of the 3D-printed gel with LA16 callus were weakened compared to the gel with LA14 callus. The results of rheological measurements showed that an increase in the content of LA16 callus interfered with the formation of a k-carrageenan gel network, while LA14 callus strengthened the k-carrageenan gel with increasing concentration. Gel samples at different concentrations of LA14 and LA16 calluses formed a spongy network structure, but the number of pores decreased, and their size increased, when the volume fraction occupied by LA14 and LA16 calluses increased. Simple polysaccharides, galacturonic acid residues, and phenolic compounds (PCs) were released from A-FP gels after sequential in vivo oral and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. PCs were released predominantly in the simulated intestinal and colonic fluids. Thus, incorporating lupin callus into the hydrocolloid ink for food 3D printing can be a promising approach to developing a gelling material with new mechanical, rheological, and functional properties.
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