1
|
Wanapat M, Prachumchai R, Dagaew G, Matra M, Phupaboon S, Sommai S, Suriyapha C. Potential use of seaweed as a dietary supplement to mitigate enteric methane emission in ruminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:173015. [PMID: 38710388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Seaweeds or marine algae exhibit diverse morphologies, sizes, colors, and chemical compositions, encompassing various species, including red, green, and brown seaweeds. Several seaweeds have received increased research attention and application in animal feeding investigations, particularly in ruminant livestock, due to their higher yield and convenient harvestability at present. Recent endeavors encompassing both in vitro and in vivo experiments have indicated that many seaweeds, particularly red seaweed (Asparagopsis taxiformis and Asparagopsis armata), contain plant secondary compounds, such as halogenated compounds and phlorotannins, with the potential to reduce enteric ruminal methane (CH4) emissions by up to 99 % when integrated into ruminant diets. This review provides an encompassing exploration of the existing body of knowledge concerning seaweeds and their impact on rumen fermentation, the toxicity of ruminal microbes, the health of animals, animal performance, and enteric ruminal CH4 emissions in both in vitro and in vivo settings among ruminants. By attaining a deeper comprehension of the implications of seaweed supplementation on rumen fermentation, animal productivity, and ruminal CH4 emissions, we could lay the groundwork for devising innovative strategies. These strategies aim to simultaneously achieve environmental benefits, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance animal efficiency, and develop aquaculture and seaweed production systems, ensuring a high-quality and consistent supply chain. Nevertheless, future research is essential to elucidate the extent of the effect and gain insight into the mode of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Rittikeard Prachumchai
- Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand
| | - Gamonmas Dagaew
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Maharach Matra
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Srisan Phupaboon
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sukruthai Sommai
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chaichana Suriyapha
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shu C, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xu X, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhong Q, He C, Zhu Y, Wang X. Copper-Bearing Metal-Organic Framework with Mucus-Penetrating Function for the Multi-Effective Clearance of Mucosal Colonized Helicobacter pylori. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0358. [PMID: 38779487 PMCID: PMC11109517 DOI: 10.34133/research.0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes over 50% of people worldwide. Biofilm formation through penetrating gastric mucus and resistance acquired by H. pylori markedly reduces the efficacy of traditional antibiotics. The present triple therapy and bismuth-based quadruple therapy inevitably causes intestinal flora disturbance and fails to address the excessive H. pylori-triggered inflammatory response. Herein, a mucus-permeable therapeutic platform (Cu-MOF@NF) that consists of copper-bearing metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) loaded with nitrogen-doped carbon dots and naturally active polysaccharide fucoidan is developed. The experimental results demonstrate that Cu-MOF@NF can penetrate the mucus layer and hinder H. pylori from adhering on gastric epithelial cells of the stomach. Notably, released Cu2+ can degrade the polysaccharides in the biofilm and interfere with the cyclic growing mode of "bacterioplankton ↔ biofilm", thereby preventing recurrent and persistent infection. Compared with traditional triple therapy, the Cu-MOF@NF not only possesses impressive antibacterial effect (even include multidrug-resistant strains), but also improves the inflammatory microenvironment without disrupting the balance of intestinal flora, providing a more efficient, safe, and antibiotic-free new approach to eradicating H. pylori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxi Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College,
Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine,
Nanchang University, Nanchang 330088, China
| | - Yu Li
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine,
Nanchang University, Nanchang 330088, China
| | - Xinbo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine,
Nanchang University, Nanchang 330088, China
| | - Qin Zhong
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine,
Nanchang University, Nanchang 330088, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine,
Nanchang University, Nanchang 330088, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu C, Gu Q, Yu X. Effect of in vitro simulated digestion on the physicochemical properties and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of fucoidan. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4157-4164. [PMID: 38284513 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fucoidan has an anti-obesity effect. However, there are few studies on its mechanism. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in silico inhibitory properties of fucoidan against pancreatic lipase for the first time. We examined the changes in composition, structure, and pancreatic lipase inhibition of fucoidan during in vitro digestion. RESULTS Simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion resulted in a slight decrease in the molecular weight of fucoidan but no significant changes in the monosaccharide composition, sulfate content, and functional groups. Moreover, the digestion process significantly increased the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by fucoidan. The study on the type of inhibition showed that the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by fucoidan belonged to mixed inhibition with competitive inhibition. Molecular docking analysis showed that fucoidan could bind to the active site of pancreatic lipase. CONCLUSION This study indicates that fucoidan can be a potential functional food for anti-obesity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Qiuya Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Habibi M, Golmakani MT, Eskandari MH, Hosseini SMH. Potential prebiotic and antibacterial activities of fucoidan from Laminaria japonica. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131776. [PMID: 38657938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Fucoidan from Laminaria japonica became sterilized with an autoclave and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Potential prebiotic and antibacterial activities of sterilized fucoidans (SF) were the subject of investigation. Molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, FTIR, and NMR spectra of SF underwent evaluations to elucidate the relationship between the structure and activities of SF. The growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and L. acidophilus with autoclave sterilized fucoidan (ASF) and the growth of L. plantarum, L. gasseri, L. paracasei, and L. reuteri with UV sterilized fucoidan (USF) increased significantly. Also, fucoidan was vastly more effective than fructooligosaccharides in improving the growth of L. gasseri, L. reuteri, and L. paracasei. The growth of Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus decreased at each SF concentration. ASF was more effective against E. coli, B. cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus than the USF efficiency. However, USF exhibited more inhibitory effects on the growth of Enterobacteriaceae compared to the ASF efficiency. When comparing the ASF and USF, autoclave caused a considerable decrease in molecular weight and uronic acid content, increased fucose and galactose, and made no significant changes in NMR spectra. Fucoidan effectively promoted probiotic bacterial growth and reduced pathogenic outbreaks in the medium. Therefore, it can occur as a new algal prebiotic and antibacterial agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Habibi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran..
| | - Mohammad Hadi Eskandari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran..
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang X, Nie S, Fu X, Nan S, Ren X, Li R. Exploring the prebiotic potential of hydrolyzed fucoidan fermented in vitro with human fecal inocula: Impact on microbiota and metabolome. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131202. [PMID: 38556225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Fucoidan is widely applied in food and pharmaceutical industry for the promising bioactivities. Low-molecular weight hydrolyzed fucoidan has gained attention for its beneficial health effects. Here, the modulation on microbiome and metabolome features of fucoidan and its acidolyzed derivatives (HMAF, 1.5-20 kDa; LMAF, <1.5 kDa) were investigated through human fecal cultures. Fucose is the main monosaccharide component in fucoidan and LMAF, while HMAF contains abundant glucuronic acid. LMAF fermentation resulted in the highest production of short-chain fatty acids, with acetate and propionate reaching maximum levels of 13.46 mmol/L and 11.57 mmol/L, respectively. Conversely, HMAF exhibited a maximum butyrate production of 9.28 mmol/L. Both fucoidan and acidolyzed derivatives decreased the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella in human fecal cultures. Fucoidan and HMAF prefer to improve the abundance of Bacteroides. However, LMAF showed positive influence on Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Megamonas. Untargeted metabolome indicated that fucoidan and its derivatives mainly altered the metabolic level of lipids, indole, and their derivatives, with fucoidan and HMAF promoting higher level of indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-carboxaldehyde compared to LMAF. Considering the chemical structural differences, this study suggested that hydrolyzed fucoidan can provide potential therapeutic applications for targeted regulation of microbial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shihao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmiao Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
González-Meza GM, Elizondo-Luevano JH, Cuellar-Bermudez SP, Sosa-Hernández JE, Iqbal HMN, Melchor-Martínez EM, Parra-Saldívar R. New Perspective for Macroalgae-Based Animal Feeding in the Context of Challenging Sustainable Food Production. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3609. [PMID: 37896072 PMCID: PMC10610262 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Food production is facing challenging times due to the pandemic, and climate change. With production expected to double by 2050, there is a need for a new paradigm in sustainable animal feed supply. Seaweeds offer a highly valuable opportunity in this regard. Seaweeds are classified into three categories: brown (Phaeophyceae), red (Rhodophyceae), and green (Chlorophyceae). While they have traditionally been used in aquafeed, their demand in the feed market is growing, parallelly increasing according to the food demand. Additionally, seaweeds are being promoted for their nutritional benefits, which contribute to the health, growth, and performance of animals intended for human consumption. Moreover, seaweeds contain biologically active compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants (polyphenols), and pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), which possess beneficial properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects and act as prebiotics. This review offers a new perspective on the valorization of macroalgae biomass due to their nutritional profile and bioactive components, which have the potential to play a crucial role in animal growth and making possible new sources of healthy food ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia M. González-Meza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Joel H. Elizondo-Luevano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Sara P. Cuellar-Bermudez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Elda M. Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang B, Xiao Q, Ma Q, Han L. Clinical treatment for persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:495. [PMID: 37753297 PMCID: PMC10519614 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a severe disease with a high prevalence and a 3-15% mortality worldwide, and premature activation of zymogen for any reason is the initial factor for the onset of SAP. Gallstone disease and heavy alcohol consumption are the two most common etiologies of SAP. Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome (PICS) is a life-threatening illness, and there are no effective treatments. The relapse state of PICS mainly leads to high mortality due to septic shock or severe trauma, both of which are dangerous and challenging conditions for clinicians. Thus, it is important for medical staff to identify patients at high risk of PICS and to master the prevention and treatment of PICS in patients with SAP. The present review aims to increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of PICS, produce evidence for PICS diagnosis and highlight clinical treatment for PICS in patients with SAP. With this information, clinical workers could implement standardized and integrated measures at an early stage of SAP to stop its progression to PICS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qigui Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu SY, Tan K, Zhong S, Cheong KL. Marine algal polysaccharides as future potential constituents against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126247. [PMID: 37562483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most chronic and incurable liver diseases triggered mainly by an inappropriate diet and hereditary factors which burden liver metabolic stress, and may result in liver fibrosis or even cancer. While the available drugs show adverse side effects. The non-toxic bioactive molecules derived from natural resources, particularly marine algal polysaccharides (MAPs), present significant potential for treating NASH. In this review, we summarized the protective effects of MAPs on NASH from multiple perspectives, including reducing oxidative stress, regulating lipid metabolism, enhancing immune function, preventing fibrosis, and providing cell protection. Furthermore, the mechanisms of MAPs in treating NASH were comprehensively described. Additionally, we highlight the influences of the special structures of MAPs on their bioactive differences. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of MAPs in NASH and inspire insights for deeper research on the functional food and clinical applications of MAPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Guangdong, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China.
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cheong KL, Yu B, Teng B, Veeraperumal S, Xu B, Zhong S, Tan K. Post-COVID-19 syndrome management: Utilizing the potential of dietary polysaccharides. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115320. [PMID: 37595427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant global impact, resulting in long-term health effects for many individuals. As more patients recover, there is a growing need to identify effective management strategies for ongoing health concerns, such as post-COVID-19 syndrome, characterized by persistent symptoms or complications beyond several weeks or months from the onset of symptoms. In this review, we explore the potential of dietary polysaccharides as a promising approach to managing post-COVID-19 syndrome. We summarize the immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and prebiotic activities of dietary polysaccharides for the management of post-COVID-19 syndrome. Furthermore, the review investigates the role of polysaccharides in enhancing immune response, regulating immune function, improving oxidative stress, inhibiting virus binding to ACE2, balancing gut microbiota, and increasing functional metabolites. These properties of dietary polysaccharides may help alleviate COVID-19 symptoms, providing a promising avenue for effective treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Biao Yu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Teng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sanniyasi E, Gopal RK, Damodharan R, Arumugam A, Sampath Kumar M, Senthilkumar N, Anbalagan M. In vitro anticancer potential of laminarin and fucoidan from Brown seaweeds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14452. [PMID: 37660108 PMCID: PMC10475116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine seaweeds are rich source of polysaccharides present in their cell wall and are cultivated and consumed in China, Japan, Korea, and South Asian countries. Brown seaweeds (Phaeophyta) are rich source of polysaccharides such as Laminarin and Fucoidan. In present study, both the laminarin and fucoidan were isolated was yielded higher in PP (Padina pavonica) (4.36%) and STM (Stoechospermum marginatum) (2.32%), respectively. The carbohydrate content in laminarin and fucoidan was 86.91% and 87.36%, whereas the sulphate content in fucoidan was 20.68%. Glucose and mannose were the major monosaccharide units in laminarin (PP), however, fucose, galactose, and xylose in fucoidan (STM). FT-IR down peaks represent the carbohydrate of laminarin and fucoidan except, for 1219 cm-1, and 843 cm-1, illustrating the sulphate groups of fucoidan. The molecular weight of laminarin was 3-5 kDa, and the same for fucoidan was 2-6 kDa, respectively. Both the Fucoidan and Laminarin showed null cytotoxicity on Vero cells. Contrastingly, the fucoidan possess cytotoxic activity on human liver cancer cells (HepG2) (IC50-24.4 ± 1.5 µg/mL). Simultaneously, laminarin also shown cytotoxicity on human colon cancer cells (HT-29) (IC50-57 ± 1.2 µg/mL). The AO/EB (Acriding Orange/Ethidium Bromide) assay significantly resulted in apoptosis and necrosis upon laminarin and fucoidan treatments, respectively. The DNA fragmentation results support necrotic cancer cell death. Therefore, laminarin and fucoidan from PP and STM were potential bioactive compounds for anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elumalai Sanniyasi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India.
| | - Rajesh Kanna Gopal
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Rajesh Damodharan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India
| | - Arthi Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, 602105, India
| | | | | | - Monisha Anbalagan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeppiar Engineering College, Chennai, 600119, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun L, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Xue M, Yan H, Qiu X, Tian Y, Zhang H, Liang H. Fucoidan from Saccharina japonica Alleviates Hyperuricemia-Induced Renal Fibrosis through Inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11454-11465. [PMID: 37481747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a native sulfated polysaccharide mainly isolated from brown seaweed, with diverse pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis. Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common metabolic disease worldwide and mainly causes hyperuricemic nephropathy, including chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal fibrosis. The present study investigated the protective function of fucoidan in renal fibrosis and its pharmacological mechanism. The renal fibrotic model was established with the administration of potassium oxonate for 10 weeks. The protein levels of related factors were assessed in HUA mice by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting. The results showed that fucoidan significantly reduced the levels of serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and collagen I, and improved kidney pathological changes. Furthermore, renal fibrosis had been remarkably elevated through the inhibition of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression after fucoidan intervention, suppressing the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway activation. Together, this study provides experimental evidence that fucoidan may protect against hyperuricemia-induced renal fibrosis via downregulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lirui Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilan Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxue Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Mingyue Seaweed Group Company, Limited, Qingdao, Shandong 266499, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Mingyue Seaweed Group Company, Limited, Qingdao, Shandong 266499, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheong KL, Zhang Y, Li Z, Li T, Ou Y, Shen J, Zhong S, Tan K. Role of Polysaccharides from Marine Seaweed as Feed Additives for Methane Mitigation in Ruminants: A Critical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3153. [PMID: 37571046 PMCID: PMC10420924 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing concerns regarding greenhouse gas emissions associated with livestock production, the need to discover effective strategies to mitigate methane production in ruminants is clear. Marine algal polysaccharides have emerged as a promising research avenue because of their abundance and sustainability. Polysaccharides, such as alginate, laminaran, and fucoidan, which are extracted from marine seaweeds, have demonstrated the potential to reduce methane emissions by influencing the microbial populations in the rumen. This comprehensive review extensively examines the available literature and considers the effectiveness, challenges, and prospects of using marine seaweed polysaccharides as feed additives. The findings emphasise that marine algal polysaccharides can modulate rumen fermentation, promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms, and inhibit methanogenic archaea, ultimately leading to decreases in methane emissions. However, we must understand the long-term effects and address the obstacles to practical implementation. Further research is warranted to optimise dosage levels, evaluate potential effects on animal health, and assess economic feasibility. This critical review provides insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders dedicated to advancing sustainable livestock production and methane mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yiyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Zhuoting Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Tongtong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yiqing Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu M, Liu Z, Zhang N, Cao Z, Fu J, Yuan W, Wu H, Shang H. Preparation of polysaccharides from Crepis tectorum Linn. and the regulation effects on intestinal microbiota. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
14
|
Das T, Chatterjee N, Capanoglu E, Lorenzo JM, Das AK, Dhar P. The synergistic ramification of insoluble dietary fiber and associated non-extractable polyphenols on gut microbial population escorting alleviation of lifestyle diseases. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100697. [PMID: 37206320 PMCID: PMC10189415 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the pertinent research which aims at exploring the therapeutic effects of polyphenols usually misapprehends a large fraction of non-extractable polyphenols due to their poor aqueous-organic solvent extractability. These polymeric polyphenols (i.e., proanthocyanins, hydrolysable tannins and phenolic acids) possess a unique property to adhere to the food matrix polysaccharides and protein sowing to their structural complexity with high glycosylation, degree of polymerization, and plenty of hydroxyl groups. Surprisingly resistance to intestinal absorption does not hinder its bioactivity but accelerates its functionality manifolds due to the colonic microbial catabolism in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby protecting the body from local and systemic inflammatory diseases. This review highlights not only the chemistry, digestion, colonic metabolism of non-extractable polyphenols (NEPP) but also summarises the synergistic effect of matrix-bound NEPP exerting local as well as systemic health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trina Das
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Home Science, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Alipore, Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India
| | - Niloy Chatterjee
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD 2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 098, India
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Universidade de Vigo, Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Corresponding authors at: Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain (E. Capanoglu).
| | - Arun K. Das
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Pubali Dhar
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Home Science, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Alipore, Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India
- Corresponding authors at: Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain (E. Capanoglu).
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheong KL, Chen S, Teng B, Veeraperumal S, Zhong S, Tan K. Oligosaccharides as Potential Regulators of Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Health in Post-COVID-19 Management. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:860. [PMID: 37375807 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact worldwide, resulting in long-term health effects for many individuals. Recently, as more and more people recover from COVID-19, there is an increasing need to identify effective management strategies for post-COVID-19 syndrome, which may include diarrhea, fatigue, and chronic inflammation. Oligosaccharides derived from natural resources have been shown to have prebiotic effects, and emerging evidence suggests that they may also have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, which could be particularly relevant in mitigating the long-term effects of COVID-19. In this review, we explore the potential of oligosaccharides as regulators of gut microbiota and intestinal health in post-COVID-19 management. We discuss the complex interactions between the gut microbiota, their functional metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, and the immune system, highlighting the potential of oligosaccharides to improve gut health and manage post-COVID-19 syndrome. Furthermore, we review evidence of gut microbiota with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression for alleviating post-COVID-19 syndrome. Therefore, oligosaccharides offer a safe, natural, and effective approach to potentially improving gut microbiota, intestinal health, and overall health outcomes in post-COVID-19 management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shutong Chen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Bo Teng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jayasinghe AMK, Kirindage KGIS, Fernando IPS, Kim KN, Oh JY, Ahn G. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan from Sargassum siliquastrum in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages via Inhibiting NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:347. [PMID: 37367672 PMCID: PMC10303138 DOI: 10.3390/md21060347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown seaweed is a rich source of fucoidan, which exhibits a variety of biological activities. The present study discloses the protective effect of low molecular weight fucoidan (FSSQ) isolated from an edible brown alga, Sargassum siliquastrum, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The findings of the study revealed that FSSQ increases cell viability while decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages dose-dependently. FSSQ reduced the iNOS and COX-2 expression, inhibiting the NO and prostaglandin E2 production. Furthermore, mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was downregulated by FSSQ via modulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling. The NLRP3 inflammasome protein complex, including NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, as well as the subsequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, release in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was inhibited by FSSQ. The cytoprotective effect of FSSQ is indicated via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling activation, which is considerably reduced upon suppression of HO-1 activity by ZnPP. Collectively, the study revealed the therapeutic potential of FSSQ against inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, the study suggests further investigations on commercially viable methods for fucoidan isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Young Oh
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea; (A.M.K.J.); (K.G.I.S.K.)
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xie J, Lin D, Li J, Zhou T, Lin S, Lin Z. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide ameliorating cyclophosphamide-induced immune dysfunctions based on metabolomics analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1179749. [PMID: 37305093 PMCID: PMC10248424 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1179749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) is one of the most abundant constituents of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), with a wide range of functional activities. The present study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of GLPP in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mice. The results showed that 100 mg/kg/day of GLPP administration significantly alleviated CTX-induced immune damage by improving immune organ indexes, earlap swelling rate, the index of carbon phagocytosis and clearance value, secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2), and immunoglobulin A(IgA) in the mice. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was conducted to identify the metabolites, followed by biomarker and pathway analysis. The results showed that GLPP treatment alleviated CTX-induced alterations in the fecal metabolome profile, including arachidonic acid (AA), leukotriene D4 (LTD4), indole-3-ethanol, and formyltetrahydrofolate (CF), by reversing citric acid, malic acid, cortisol, and oleic acid. These results support the concept that GLPP exhibits immunomodulatory activity via the folate cycle, methionine cycle, TCA cycle, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, AA metabolism, and cAMP pathways. In conclusion, the results could be helpful to understand the use of GLPP to clarify the immunomodulatory mechanism and be used as immunostimulants to prevent CTX-induced side effects in the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Hunan University of Humanities, Science, and Technology, Loudi, Hunan, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tonghui Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shuqian Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhanxi Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao YX, Huang L, Wu DT, Li J, Lei J, Fu MX, Zhang Q, Qin W. Catabolism of Dictyophora indusiata Polysaccharide and Its Impacts on Gut Microbial Composition during In Vitro Digestion and Microbial Fermentation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091909. [PMID: 37174446 PMCID: PMC10178076 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dictyophora indusiata is one of the most famous edible mushrooms in China. D. indusiata polysaccharide (DP) has attracted increasing attention because of its multiple beneficial effects. In this study, the in vitro simulated digestion and microbial fermentation were designed to reveal the potential catabolic property of DP and its impacts on the modulation of gut microbial composition. The results showed that the reducing sugar content, total polysaccharides content, molecular weight, and rheological property of DP were not significantly altered under in vitro simulated digestive conditions. However, the molecular weight, apparent viscosity, and total polysaccharides content of indigestible DP (DPI) significantly decreased during in vitro fecal fermentation, and the reducing sugar content and the release of free monosaccharides notably increased, suggesting that DP could be degraded and used by gut microbiota. Additionally, the relative abundances of several beneficial bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Catenibacterium, Parabacteroides, and Megamonas, increased significantly, indicating that DP can regulate the composition and abundance of gut microbiota. Moreover, DP could also promote the production of SCFAs, thus changing the acid-base environment of the large intestine. The results of this study are beneficial for deeply clarifying the catabolic behavior of DP in the gastrointestinal tract, which can provide a theoretical basis for developing microbiota-directed products based on DP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xuan Zhao
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jing Lei
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Meng-Xi Fu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Malairaj S, Veeraperumal S, Yao W, Subramanian M, Tan K, Zhong S, Cheong KL. Porphyran from Porphyra haitanensis Enhances Intestinal Barrier Function and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050265. [PMID: 37233459 DOI: 10.3390/md21050265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of a homogenous porphyran from Porphyra haitanensis (PHP) on the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota were investigated. The results showed that oral administration of PHP resulted in a higher luminal moisture content and a lower pH environment for the growth of beneficial bacteria in the colon of mice. PHP significantly increased the production of total short-chain fatty acids during the fermentation process. PHP made the intestinal epithelial cells of mice arrange more tidily and tightly with a significant increase in mucosal thickness. PHP also increased the amount of mucin-producing goblet cells and the expression of mucin in the colon, which maintained the structure and function of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Moreover, PHP up-regulated the expression of tight junctions including ZO-1 and occludin, improving the intestinal physical barrier function. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that PHP regulated the composition of gut microbiota in mice, increasing the richness and diversity of gut microbiota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. This study revealed that the intake of PHP is beneficial for the gastrointestinal tract and PHP could be a potential source of prebiotics in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sathuvan Malairaj
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Wanzi Yao
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mugesh Subramanian
- Research and Development Center, Genexia Bioserv, Chennai 600045, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin Q, Song B, Zhong Y, Yin H, Li Z, Wang Z, Cheong KL, Huang R, Zhong S. Effect of Sodium Hyaluronate on Antioxidant and Anti-Ageing Activities in Caenorhabditis elegans. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071400. [PMID: 37048222 PMCID: PMC10093893 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As an acidic polysaccharide, the formation of Hyaluronic acid (HA) is typically Sodium Hyaluronate (SH) for knee repair, oral treatment, skincare and as a food additive. Nevertheless, little information is available on the anti-ageing activity of SH as a food additive. Therefore, we treated C. elegans with SH, then inferred the anti-aging activity of SH by examining the lifespan physiological indicators and senescence-associated gene expression. Compared with the control group, SH (800 μg/mL) prolonged the C. elegans’ lifespans in regular, 35 °C and H2O2 environment by 0.27-fold, 0.25-fold and 1.17-fold. Simultaneously, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were increased by 8.6%, 0.36% and 167%. However, lipofuscin accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased by 36%, 47.8–65.7% and 9.5–13.1%. After SH treatment, athletic ability was improved and no impairment of reproductive capacity was seen. In addition, SH inhibited the blocking effect of age-1 and up-regulated gene levels involving daf-16, sod-3, gst-4 and skn-1. In conclusion, SH provides potential applications in anti-ageing and anti-oxidation and regulates physiological function.
Collapse
|
21
|
Luo B, Wang Z, Chen J, Chen X, Li J, Li Y, Li R, Liu X, Song B, Cheong KL, Zhong S. Physicochemical Characterization and Antitumor Activity of Fucoidan and Its Degraded Products from Sargassum hemiphyllum (Turner) C. Agardh. Molecules 2023; 28:2610. [PMID: 36985583 PMCID: PMC10057303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan has many biological functions, including anti-tumor activity. Additionally, it has been suggested that low-molecular-weight fucoidans have greater bioactivities. This study aimed to examine the degradation, purification, physicochemical characterization and in vitro antitumor activity of fucoidan from Sargassum hemiphyllum (Turner) C. Agardh. Fucoidan was isolated using DEAE-cellulose-52 (F1, F2), Vc-H2O2 degration, and Sepharose CL-6B gel (DF1, DF2) from crude Sargassum fucoidans. Physicochemical characteristics of four isolated fucoidans were examined using chemical and monosaccharide composition, average molecular weight (Mw), and FTIR. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effects of purified fucoidans on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2), human Burkitt Lymphoma cells (MCF-7), human uterine carcinoma cells (Hela) and human lung cancer cells (A549) were analyzed by MTT method. The apoptosis of HepG2 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Our data suggest that the contents of polysaccharide, L-fucose and sulfate of DF2 were the highest, which were 73.93%, 23.02% and 29.88%, respectively. DF1 has the smallest molecular weight (14,893 Da) followed by DF2 (21,292 Da). The four fractions are mainly composed of fucose, mannose and rhamnose, and the infrared spectra are similar, all of which contain polysaccharide and sulfate characteristic absorption peaks. The results of MTT assay showed that the four fractions had inhibitory effects on HepG2 and A549 in the range of 0.5-8 mg/mL, and the four fractions had strong cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells. DF2 had the best inhibitory effect on HepG2 (IC50 = 2.2 mg/mL). In general, the antitumor activity of Sargassum fucoidans is related to the content of L-fucose, sulfate and molecular weight, and Sargassum fucoidan has the best inhibitory effect on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Furthermore, when compared to MCF-7, Hela, and A549 cells, Sargassum fucoidans had the best capacity to reduce the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and to induce cell apoptosis, proving itself to have a good potential in anti-liver cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Jiarui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China;
| | - Rui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Bingbing Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.L.); (Z.W.); (X.C.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (B.S.); (K.-L.C.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Antioxidative and Protective Effect of Morchella esculenta against Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Alterations in Liver. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051115. [PMID: 36900632 PMCID: PMC10000998 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Morchella esculenta is an edible mushroom with special flavor and high nutritional value for humans, primarily owing to its polysaccharide constituents. M. esculenta polysaccharides (MEPs) possess remarkable pharmaceutical properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-atherogenic activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of MEPs. In vitro activity was determined using free radical scavenging assays, whereas in vivo activity was evaluated through dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced liver injury in mice with acute colitis. MEPs effectively scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis-6-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline sulfonic acid) free radicals in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, DSS-induced mice showed severe liver damage, cellular infiltration, tissue necrosis, and decreased antioxidant capacity. In contrast, intragastric administration of MEPs showed hepatoprotective effects against DSS-induced liver injury. MEPs remarkably elevated the expression levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase. Additionally, it decreased malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels in the liver. These results indicate that the protective effects of MEP against DSS-induced hepatic injury could rely on its ability to reduce oxidative stress, suppress inflammatory responses, and improve antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver. Therefore, MEPs could be explored as potential natural antioxidant agents in medicine or as functional foods to prevent liver injury.
Collapse
|
23
|
Guo J, Zhu S, Chen P, Liu Z, Lin L, Zhang J. Effect of physiological pH on the molecular characteristics, rheological behavior, and molecular dynamics of κ-carrageenan/casein. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1174888. [PMID: 37125034 PMCID: PMC10140325 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1174888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During gastrointestinal digestion, κ-carrageenan (κ-CGN) undergoes physicochemical changes, which associated with the risk of colitis. Methods To understand the effect of physiological pH on the conformational transition and binding stability of κ-CGN and κ-carrageenan/casein (κ-CC), we conducted experiments at pH 3.0 (gastric environment) and pH 7.0 (intestinal environment). We evaluated zeta potential, free sulfate group content, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermodynamic properties, microstructure, and molecular mechanism. Results and Discussion Our results revealed that the helical conformation of κ-CGN and κ-CC were more ordered and stable, and sulfate group exposure both lower in the intestinal environment (pH 7.0). However, in gastric environment (pH 3.0), the charge density of κ-CGN decreased, accompanied by random curling conformation and free sulfate group content increased. In contrast, the intermolecular interactions between κ-CGN and casein increased in gastric acid environments due to casein flocculation and secondary structure folding, and significantly reduced the exposure of free sulfate groups of κ-CGN. Our research results provide an important theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism and structure-activity relationship of κ-CGN under casein matrix to protect the mucosal barrier and inhibit colitis, and are of great significance for guiding and expanding the safe application of κ-CGN, thus assisting food nutrition to be absorbed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Guo
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Juanjuan Guo,
| | - Siliang Zhu
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Luan Lin
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|