Isoflavone Content and Nutritional-Related Properties of Debittered Seeds from Two Andean Lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) Ecotypes Propagated in Two Soils

Can Isoflavone-Rich Legume Plants Be Useful in the Chemoprevention of Hormone-Dependent Cancers?-A Systematic Review

Plants from the Fabaceae family are widely distributed around the world, especially in Europe, Asia and North America. They are a rich source of isoflavones, compounds with estrogen-like activity, which are suspected of having a chemopreventive effect against hormone-dependent cancers. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review aimed at assessing the impact of Fabaceae plant extracts on hormone-dependent cancer cells and the content of active compounds in plant raw materials. We analyzed the results of 63 articles from in vitro and in vivo studies describing the effect of plant extracts containing isoflavones on cancer cells, along with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. In the process, we determined the research limitations and future research directions. The collected results indicate the plant species with potentially high contents of phytoestrogens and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. They point to the potential use of plants in the diet as a source of compounds offering cancer prevention.

Flavonoid diversity in bitter and debittered seeds of Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet)

Seeds of ten Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) ecotypes were collected from different regions of Peru and treated with an aqueous debittering method. Both untreated and treated seeds were analyzed by using LC-MS to investigate flavonoid profiles of different ecotypes and impact of debittering process on these compounds. Thirteen isoflavones (mainly as glycosides of genistein and methoxy-genistein) and eight flavones (glycosylated apigenins and methyl-luteolins) were characterized as the main flavonoids in the seed samples. The untreated lupin seeds contained 187-252 mg/100 g (dry weight) of flavonoids. The main difference among lupin ecotypes was observed in the levels of genistein-malonylhexoside, methoxy-genistein-malonylhexoside, and methyl-luteolin-malonylhexoside. After the debittering treatment, the total flavonoid content in the seeds was decreased to 125-203 mg/100 g dry weight, the aglycones of genistein, methoxy-genistein, and methyl-luteolin being the key distinguishing compounds of ecotypes. The aqueous treatment was effective in degrading flavonoid glycosides and releasing the corresponding aglycones.