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Ochiai M, Suzuki Y, Suzuki R, Iwata K, Murayama M. Low protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score and net nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor value of edible insects. Food Chem 2024; 454:139781. [PMID: 38843739 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The amount of chitin, a nitrogen-containing dietary fiber, in edible insects can mislead the exact nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor (NPF) and true protein content. We determined the amino acid score (AAS), protein digestibility-corrected AAS (PDCAAS), chitin content, and net NPF of five edible insects. Additionally, the effect of the amino acid composition of migratory locust on rat growth were investigated. The AAS of the insects were ranged from 63 to 94. The chitin contents were ranged from 1.6 g/100 g to 10.7 g/100 g. The PDCAAS, calculated by AAS and gut-intestinal digestibility, ranged from 44 to 81, which was lower than casein (97). The net NPF ranged from 4.93 to 5.76, which were lower than the conventional value. Dietary migratory locust, whose PDCAAS was the lowest, decreased growth and altered lipid metabolism. Therefore, a lower PDCAAS and overestimation of net NPF of insects can affect the true protein calculations and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Ochiai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23-35-1 Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23-35-1 Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Ren Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23-35-1 Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Katsuki Iwata
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23-35-1 Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Marika Murayama
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23-35-1 Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
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2
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Ren M, Wan Y, Chen J. Novel hollow-electrode glow discharge mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of protein content in food. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024. [PMID: 39028309 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay01022a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein content in food is an important indicator of nutritional value and food safety. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately detect protein content in food. In this work, a combustion furnace and novel hollow-electrode glow discharge ion source-quadrupole mass spectrometry (HGD-MS) were designed, which were used to construct a "combustion furnace + mass spectrometry" experimental platform to detect the protein content in food. Five food standard samples were selected for the analysis. The food samples were combusted in the combustion furnace at a high temperature (1300 °C) in an oxygen-rich environment. The gas products were passed into the novel hollow electrode glow discharge ion source-quadrupole mass spectrometer. A standard curve of y = 635.06x + 11 082, R2 = 0.9994 was plotted by detecting the NO+ ion intensity at a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.8% to 5.7%. Using the same method, food samples no. 6 and 7 were combusted and NO+ ion intensity was measured to verify the accuracy of the quantitation curve. Subsequently, the protein content was determined using a nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of 6.25. This method provides a rapid, accurate, and environmentally friendly approach for determining protein content in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ren
- College of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China.
| | - Yingqi Wan
- College of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China.
| | - Jiwen Chen
- College of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China.
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Vijayakumar N, Sanjay AV, Al-Ghanim KA, Nicoletti M, Baskar G, Kumar R, Govindarajan M. Development of Biodegradable Bioplastics with Sericin and Gelatin from Silk Cocoons and Fish Waste. TOXICS 2024; 12:453. [PMID: 39058105 PMCID: PMC11281016 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The bioplastics sector promotes environmentally friendly means of cutting down on the usage of fossil fuels, plastic waste, and environmental pollution. Plastic contamination has detrimental effects on both ecological systems and the global food supply. The approach we present here to resolve this issue involves the integration of sericin and gelatin, obtained from cocoon and fish waste, respectively, with nano-reinforced cellulose crystals, to develop a biodegradable and compostable plastic material. The use of cocoon and fish wastes for the extraction of sericin and gelatin presents an environmentally beneficial approach since it contributes to waste reduction. The sericin level found in silk cocoon waste was determined to be 28.08%, and the gelatin amount in fish waste was measured to be 58.25%. The inclusion of sericin and gelatin in bioplastics was accompanied by the incorporation of glycerol, vinegar, starch, sodium hydroxide, and other coloring agents. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) examination of bioplastics revealed the presence of functional groups that corresponded to the sericin and gelatin components. The tensile strength of the bioplastic material was measured to be 27.64 MPa/psi, while its thickness varied between 0.072 and 0.316 mm. The results of burial experiments indicated that the bioplastic material had a degradation rate of 85% after 14 days. The invention exhibits potential as a viable alternative for packaging, containment, and disposable plastic materials. The use of this sustainable approach is recommended for the extraction of sericin and gelatin from silk cocoons and fish waste, with the intention of using them as raw materials for bioplastic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natesan Vijayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India; (N.V.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Aathiyur Velumani Sanjay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India; (N.V.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Khalid A. Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, In Unam Sapientiam, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gurunathan Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India;
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Ranvijay Kumar
- University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India;
| | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam 612001, Tamil Nadu, India
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Edo GI, Onoharigho FO, Jikah AN, Agbo JJ. The ameliorative effect of methanol extract of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) leaves on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38839563 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2362891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Plants are a rich source of antioxidants that are produced naturally. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of the plant Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) in the attenuation of paracetamol (PCM) hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were divided into four groups, with six rats each. Group 1 served as the control group, receiving just distilled water. Groups 2 and 3 received orally 250 mg/kg bwt/day PCM and 300 mg/kg bwt/day methanol extract of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) leaves for two weeks, respectively. For group 4, the Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) leaf extract was pre-administered for 1 week before receiving 300 mg/kg bwt/day Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) leaves extract and 250 mg/kg bwt/day PCM for 2 weeks. As a marker of liver damage, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. Liver tissue reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and catalase activities were utilized to determine antioxidant state, while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was employed as a lipid peroxidation indicator. When compared to the control group, the activities of serum AST, ALT, SOD, and MDA levels were considerably (p < 0.05) higher in the PCM group, although GSH level and GST and catalase activities were significantly lower. In comparison to the PCM group, co-administration of PCM with Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) extract decreased serum AST and ALT activities. This study shows that the leaf extracts of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) protects Wistar rats' livers from PCM-induced oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Great Iruoghene Edo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science & Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Joy Johnson Agbo
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Shalaby AM, Shalaby RH, Elshamy AM, Alnasser SM, Alorini M, Jaber FA, Alabiad MA, Alshaikh ABA, Hassan SMA, Aziz SAMA, Safa MA, Elkholy MR. Ameliorative potential of rosmarinic acid in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome: Targeting MCP-1 and VEGF: A histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4073. [PMID: 38863227 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multidisciplinary endocrinopathy that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by menstrual complications, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular issues. The current research investigated the efficacy of rosmarinic acid in letrozole-induced PCOS in adult female rats as well as the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Forty female rats were divided into the control group, the rosmarinic acid group (50 mg/kg per orally, po) for 21 days, PCOS group; PCOS was induced by administration of letrozole (1 mg/kg po) for 21 days, and rosmarinic acid-PCOS group, received rosmarinic acid after PCOS induction. PCOS resulted in a marked elevation in both serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels and LH/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio with a marked reduction in serum estradiol and progesterone levels. A marked rise in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (messenger RNA) in the ovarian tissue was reported. The histological analysis displayed multiple cystic follicles in the ovarian cortex with markedly thin granulosa cell layer, vacuolated granulosa and theca cell layers, and desquamated granulosa cells. Upregulation in the immune expression of TNF-α and caspase-3 was demonstrated in the ovarian cortex. Interestingly, rosmarinic acid ameliorated the biochemical and histopathological changes. In conclusion, rosmarinic acid ameliorates letrozole-induced PCOS through its anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenesis effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Mohamed Shalaby
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rania H Shalaby
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Dubai Medical College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amira Mostafa Elshamy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed Alorini
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ali Alabiad
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Baker A Alshaikh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Mohamed Abdelfattah Hassan
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Koum, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed A Safa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Ramadan Elkholy
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Muntean GC, Simedru D, Uiuiu P, Tanaselia C, Cadar O, Becze A, Coroian A. Evaluation of Alternative Sources of Proteins and Other Nutrients with Potential Applications in Fish Nutrition. Molecules 2024; 29:2332. [PMID: 38792193 PMCID: PMC11123814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Union's (EU) agricultural self-sufficiency is challenged by its reliance on imported plant proteins, particularly soy from the Americas, contributing to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. Addressing the EU's protein deficit, this study evaluates alternative protein sources for aquaculture, focusing on their nutritional value, elemental content, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Protein flours from gastropods (Helix pomatia, Arion lusitanicus, Arion vulgaris) and their hepatopancreas, along with plant-based proteins from food industry by-products (oilcakes, coffee grounds, spent brewer's yeast), were analyzed. Results revealed that snail flour contained the highest protein content at 59.09%, significantly outperforming hepatopancreas flour at 42.26%. Plant-based proteins demonstrated substantial nutritional value, with coffee grounds flour exhibiting a remarkable protein content of 71.8% and spent brewer's yeast flour at 57.9%. Elemental analysis indicated high levels of essential minerals such as magnesium in hepatopancreas flour (5719.10 mg/kg) and calcium in slug flour (48,640.11 mg/kg). However, cadmium levels in hepatopancreas flour (11.45 mg/kg) necessitate caution due to potential health risks. PAH concentrations were low across all samples, with the highest total PAH content observed in hepatopancreas flour at 0.0353 µg/kg, suggesting minimal risk of PAH-related toxicity. The analysis of plant-based protein sources, particularly oilcakes derived from sunflower, hemp, flax, and pumpkin seeds, revealed that these by-products not only exhibit high protein contents but present a promising avenue for enhancing the nutritional quality of feed. This study underscores the potential of utilizing gastropod and plant-based by-products as sustainable and nutritionally adequate alternatives to conventional feeds in aquaculture, contributing to the EU's environmental sustainability goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- George-Cătălin Muntean
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.-C.M.); (P.U.); (A.C.)
| | - Dorina Simedru
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.); (C.T.); (O.C.)
| | - Paul Uiuiu
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.-C.M.); (P.U.); (A.C.)
| | - Claudiu Tanaselia
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.); (C.T.); (O.C.)
| | - Oana Cadar
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.); (C.T.); (O.C.)
| | - Anca Becze
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.); (C.T.); (O.C.)
| | - Aurelia Coroian
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.-C.M.); (P.U.); (A.C.)
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7
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Jarman AK, Shaw ME, Liu SY, Grueber CE. An insight into vitamin E and lipid nutrition of the plains-wanderer Pedionomus torquatus. Zoo Biol 2024; 43:213-223. [PMID: 38294092 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E, as α-tocopherol, is an essential antioxidant protecting the body from free radicals. The vitamin E requirement of managed wildlife species is known to be greater than their wild counterparts, predominantly due to higher dietary lipid content and potentially stressful environments. The plains-wanderer (Pedionomus torquatus, Family Pedionomidae [monotypical]) is a critically endangered, superficially quail-like bird that is the focus of an ongoing captive breeding programme in Australia. It is estimated that plains-wanderers have a high vitamin E requirement (compared with domestic poultry species) to offset a high lipid diet and their naturally flighty temperament. This study therefore aims to gain a greater understanding of the nutritional status and vitamin E requirements of plains-wanderers in managed environments. Total lipid and α-tocopherol intake were quantified for 26 zoo-managed plains-wanderers over a series of diet intake trials in addition to measurement of plasma α-tocopherol and cholesterol concentrations. Plains-wanderers that consumed higher portions of dietary fat had significantly lower circulating α-tocopherol concentrations than birds that consumed lower total dietary fat (p < .001). Additionally, plasma cholesterol concentrations of managed plains-wanderers were found to be significantly greater than all other bird species reviewed, irrespective of Family or feeding type. We also present the first published data quantifying the nutritional makeup of stomach contents of a wild plains-wanderer for use as a potential guide for diet formulation. This study forms a vital foundational insight into the nutritional management of plains-wanderers, but further research is required to understand their dietary habits and cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Jarman
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Taronga Animal Nutrition Centre, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle E Shaw
- Taronga Animal Nutrition Centre, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sonia Y Liu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Poultry Research Foundation, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine E Grueber
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Rasheed F, Saeed MB, Fatima S, Sajjad A, Khan MA, Kayani WK. Synergistic impact of heat and salicylic acid pretreatment on gluten films: Characterization and functional properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131402. [PMID: 38582462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates how wheat gluten (WG) films in the presence of salicylic acid are influenced by thermal pretreatment. Unlike previous methods conducted at low moisture content, our procedure involves pretreating WG at different temperatures (65 °C, 75 °C, and 85 °C), in a solution with salicylic acid. This pretreatment aims to enhance protein unfolding, thus providing more opportunities for protein-protein interactions during the subsequent solvent casting into films. A significant increase in β-sheet structures was observed in FTIR spectra of samples pretreated at 75 °C and 85 °C, showing a prominent peak in the range of 1630-1640 cm-1. The pretreatment at 85 °C was found to be effective in improving the water resistivity of the films by up to 247 %. Moreover, it led to a significant enhancement of 151 % in tensile strength and a 45 % increase in the elastic modulus. The reduced solubility observed in films derived from pretreated WG suggests the development of an intricate protein network arising from protein-protein interactions during the pretreatment and film formation. Thermal pretreatment at 85 °C significantly enhances the structural and mechanical properties of WG films, including improved water resistivity, tensile strength, and intricate protein network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Rasheed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Bilal Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sara Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Anila Sajjad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Khan
- Renewable Energy Advancement Laboratory (REAL), Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Khan Kayani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
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Arumugam S, Sakthivadivel S, Ibrahim SSM, Murugan P, Ramaiah S, Ramaiah M, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA. Evaluation of the toxic metals, proximate composition and length-weight relationships of selected fish species from the Gadananathi River, Southern Tamil Nadu. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:446. [PMID: 38607495 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The present study reveals toxic metals, proximate composition, and growth conditions in seven fish species, aiding their nutritional importance and conditions. The samples of seven different small indigenous fish species, including Xenentodon cancila, Glossogobious giuris, Pseudambassis ranga, Puntius dorsolis, Mystus vittatus, Dawkinsia filamentosa, and Dawkinsia tambraparaniei, were collected in river Gadananathi, Tamilnadu, India. A total 14 fish samples were analyzed for lead, cadmium, and copper using atomic absorption spectrometry. The standard procedures were used to determine the length-weight and proximate composition of the seven fishes. The findings revealed that the seven fish species had variable amounts of metal buildup. Cu levels were highest in D. tambraparniei gills and lowest in M. vittatus gills and livers; nonetheless, substantial amounts of Cu were found in P. dorsalis livers. In the length-weight correlations of the regression parameters of coefficient value r2, the "a" and "b" values revealed a positive allometric growth rate in all fish species except G. giuris and M. vittatus. However, X. cancila had the highest composition in the proximate analysis, while D. tambraparniei and D. filamentosa had the highest protein content mean value at a significant level (P ≤ 0.05). Overall, discrepancies in nutritional content might be related to species, environmental circumstances, fish age and size, and food availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabaridasan Arumugam
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Sri Vinayaga College of Arts & Science, Ulundurpet, Tamil Nadu, 606 107, India
| | - Selvanayahi Sakthivadivel
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Ulundurpet, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Sharmila Syed Mohammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Ulundurpet, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Priyanga Murugan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Ulundurpet, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Soranam Ramaiah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Ulundurpet, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India.
| | - Mariselvam Ramaiah
- Principal Scientist, Saraswathi Institute of Lifesciences, Tenkasi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Pereira L, Cotas J, Gonçalves AM. Seaweed Proteins: A Step towards Sustainability? Nutrients 2024; 16:1123. [PMID: 38674814 PMCID: PMC11054349 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the burgeoning field of seaweed proteins as promising alternative sources of protein. With global demand escalating and concerns over traditional protein sources' sustainability and ethics, seaweed emerges as a viable solution, offering a high protein content and minimal environmental impacts. Exploring the nutritional composition, extraction methods, functional properties, and potential health benefits of seaweed proteins, this review provides a comprehensive understanding. Seaweed contains essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Its protein content ranges from 11% to 32% of dry weight, making it valuable for diverse dietary preferences, including vegetarian and vegan diets. Furthermore, this review underscores the sustainability and environmental advantages of seaweed protein production compared to traditional sources. Seaweed cultivation requires minimal resources, mitigating environmental issues like ocean acidification. As the review delves into specific seaweed types, extraction methodologies, and functional properties, it highlights the versatility of seaweed proteins in various food products, including plant-based meats, dairy alternatives, and nutritional supplements. Additionally, it discusses the potential health benefits associated with seaweed proteins, such as their unique amino acid profile and bioactive compounds. Overall, this review aims to provide insights into seaweed proteins' potential applications and their role in addressing global protein needs sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pereira
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Laboratory, Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.M.G.)
| | - João Cotas
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Laboratory, Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Ana Marta Gonçalves
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Laboratory, Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM—Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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11
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Sun Q, Bibi S, Xue Y, Du M, Chew B, Zhu MJ. Dietary purple potato supplement attenuates DSS-induced colitis in mice: impact on mitochondrial function. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109585. [PMID: 38253109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition characterized by disrupted intestinal barrier function, abnormal immune response, and mucosal structure loss. This study evaluated the beneficial role of purple potato (PP) supplementation against IBD symptoms using a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and further explored the underlying mechanisms. Six-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were randomized into two groups and fed a standard rodent diet with or without 10% PP powder for 7 weeks. At the 5th week of dietary supplements, mice in each group were further divided into two subgroups and were either induced with or without 2.5% DSS induction for 7 days, followed by 7 days of recovery. Data showed that PP supplementation ameliorated the disease activity index in DSS-treated mice and reversed the colonic structure loss, mucosal damage, macrophage infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion induced by DSS in the colonic tissue. PP supplementation also restored the levels of tight junction proteins and caudal type homeobox 2 in DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, dietary PP enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α signaling pathway, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial proteostasis, and protein-folding capacity. In summary, dietary PP ameliorated DSS-induced colitis and improved gut structures and barrier function, which was associated with improved mitochondrial function. These results support further investigation of PP as a potential dietary intervention for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Shima Bibi
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Yansong Xue
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Boon Chew
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
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12
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Principato L, Carullo D, Gruppi A, Duserm Garrido G, Giuberti G, Lambri M, Spigno G, Bassani A. A Potentially Ecosustainable Hazelnut/Carob-Based Spread. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2024; 2024:4863035. [PMID: 38515832 PMCID: PMC10957253 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4863035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Commercial cocoa and hazelnut-based sweet spreads typically present a poor nutribiochemical level due to their ingredients and recipes, while nowadays, there is the need of developing sustainable food products addressing both an improved nutritional and environmental profile. The aim of this work was then to develop an innovative hazelnut/carob-based spread with potential high sustainability and nutritional profile, including the exploitation of grape-processing residues (grape skin flour and grapeseed oil) and carob pulp as cocoa surrogate. Rheological (rotational/oscillatory), oxidative, and thermal features of the spread were assessed and compared with two commercial nut-cocoa-based products. Tribology was used to mimic and evaluate the spreads' behavior during oral consumption, and sensory profile (by quantitative descriptive analysis) was also assessed. All products exhibited a pseudoplastic behavior, with the elastic component prevailing over the viscous one. The innovative product showed the highest lubricity from both rheological and sensory analysis, thus well correlating to the obtained lowest viscosity and friction factor trends. Grapeseed oil provided a better nutritional profile, but the largest amount of unsaturated fatty acids promoted oxidation, despite the higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity coming from the use of carob and grape skin powders. The sensory perception investigation revealed a characteristic mouthfeel/flavor for the new spread identified having a more fluid consistency and a bitter/sour taste, together with a greater stickiness and a poorer smoothness due to a higher fiber content and solid fat absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Principato
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Daniele Carullo
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Alice Gruppi
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Guillermo Duserm Garrido
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giuberti
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Milena Lambri
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Giorgia Spigno
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
| | - Andrea Bassani
- DiSTAS-Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza 29121, Italy
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13
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Hadidi M, Aghababaei F, Gonzalez-Serrano DJ, Goksen G, Trif M, McClements DJ, Moreno A. Plant-based proteins from agro-industrial waste and by-products: Towards a more circular economy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129576. [PMID: 38253140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
There is a pressing need for affordable, abundant, and sustainable sources of proteins to address the rising nutrient demands of a growing global population. The food and agriculture sectors produce significant quantities of waste and by-products during the growing, harvesting, storing, transporting, and processing of raw materials. These waste and by-products can sometimes be converted into valuable protein-rich ingredients with excellent functional and nutritional attributes, thereby contributing to a more circular economy. This review critically assesses the potential for agro-industrial wastes and by-products to contribute to global protein requirements. Initially, we discuss the origins and molecular characteristics of plant proteins derived from agro-industrial waste and by-products. We then discuss the techno-functional attributes, extraction methods, and modification techniques that are applied to these plant proteins. Finally, challenges linked to the safety, allergenicity, anti-nutritional factors, digestibility, and sensory attributes of plant proteins derived from these sources are highlighted. The utilization of agro-industrial by-products and wastes as an economical, abundant, and sustainable protein source could contribute towards achieving the Sustainable Development Agenda's 2030 goal of a "zero hunger world", as well as mitigating fluctuations in food availability and prices, which have detrimental impacts on global food security and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | | | - Diego J Gonzalez-Serrano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Monica Trif
- Food Research Department, Centre for Innovative Process Engineering (CENTIV) GmbH, 28816 Stuhr, Germany; CENCIRA Agrofood Research and Innovation Centre, Ion Mester 6, 400650 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01002, United States
| | - Andres Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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14
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Maliha M, Rashid TU, Rahman MM. A green strategy for collagen extraction from tannery raw trimmings using papain enzyme: Process optimization by MW-TOPSIS for enhanced yield. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130040. [PMID: 38346618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The leather industry poses a significant environmental problem through the extensive discharge of trimming waste, primarily composed of skin matrix rich in proteins. Developing a green approach for utilizing this waste can contribute to the sustainable recovery of proteins, transforming them into valuable bioresources. This study introduces an environmentally friendly and economically viable approach to extract collagen from tannery raw trimming waste using papain enzyme-derived from papaya leaves. The research involved extensive assessments and trials to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis process. The highest collagen recovery was achieved by hydrolyzing 5 % (w/v) delimed powder with 4 % (w/v) crude papain enzyme from papaya leaf powder, maintaining it at 60 °C for 6 h and at pH 5. Collagen extraction from raw trimming waste using acetic acid was also performed, with the optimized papain enzyme-based hydrolysis process resulting in approximately 91 % yield, while conventional acetic acid method yielded approximately 84 %. To evaluate the performance of the enzymatic hydrolysis process in comparison to acid hydrolysis and hydrothermal hydrolysis, an integrated MW-TOPSIS framework was proposed. This framework determined that enzymatic hydrolysis achieved the highest closeness coefficient value (Ri = 0.40), indicating its superiority as the preferred alternative among the tested methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mysha Maliha
- Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
| | - Taslim Ur Rashid
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
- Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh; Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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15
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Wójcik M, Grabowski S, Jarosz ŁS, Szymczak B, Longo V, della Croce CM, Hejdysz M, Cieślak A, Gruszczyński K, Marek A. Liver Antioxidant Capacity and Steatosis in Laying Hens Exposed to Various Quantities of Lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius) Seeds in the Diet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:251. [PMID: 38397849 PMCID: PMC10886069 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the many beneficial properties of legume plants, their use in diets for poultry is limited by the presence of antinutritional factors. The aim of the study was to determine the activity of DT-diaphorase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, and catalase, and the concentration of malondialdehyde in liver tissue, as well as the activity of SOD and CAT in the serum of Hy-line Brown hens fed a diet supplemented with various doses of Lupinus angustifolius seeds. The results indicate that the use of large amounts of lupin in the diet resulted in an increase in MDA concentration in the liver and the lipid vacuolization of hepatocytes. A significant increase in DTD activity was observed in chickens receiving 15% lupin. Regardless of lupin dose, no increase in SOD activity was observed in chicken serum after 33 days of the experiment. From the 66th day of the experiment, an increase in catalase activity in the serum of laying hens was observed, while low activity of this enzyme was found in the liver. It can be concluded that the short-term use of lupin in the diet of laying hens does not affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes and, therefore, does not affect the oxidative-antioxidant balance of their body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wójcik
- Sub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Sebastian Grabowski
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Łukasz S. Jarosz
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Szymczak
- Sub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Longo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.L.); (C.M.d.C.)
| | - Clara Maria della Croce
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (V.L.); (C.M.d.C.)
| | - Marcin Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Adam Cieślak
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Kamil Gruszczyński
- Sub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Marek
- Department of Preventive Veterinary and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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16
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Lukacs M, Zaukuu JLZ, Bazar G, Pollner B, Fodor M, Kovacs Z. Comparison of Multiple NIR Spectrometers for Detecting Low-Concentration Nitrogen-Based Adulteration in Protein Powders. Molecules 2024; 29:781. [PMID: 38398532 PMCID: PMC10892823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein adulteration is a common fraud in the food industry due to the high price of protein sources and their limited availability. Total nitrogen determination is the standard analytical technique for quality control, which is incapable of distinguishing between protein nitrogen and nitrogen from non-protein sources. Three benchtops and one handheld near-infrared spectrometer (NIRS) with different signal processing techniques (grating, Fourier transform, and MEM-micro-electro-mechanical system) were compared with detect adulteration in protein powders at low concentration levels. Whey, beef, and pea protein powders were mixed with a different combination and concentration of high nitrogen content compounds-namely melamine, urea, taurine, and glycine-resulting in a total of 819 samples. NIRS, combined with chemometric tools and various spectral preprocessing techniques, was used to predict adulterant concentrations, while the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were also assessed to further evaluate instrument performance. Out of all devices and measurement methods compared, the most accurate predictive models were built based on the dataset acquired with a grating benchtop spectrophotometer, reaching R2P values of 0.96 and proximating the 0.1% LOD for melamine and urea. Results imply the possibility of using NIRS combined with chemometrics as a generalized quality control tool for protein powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matyas Lukacs
- Department of Food Measurement and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - John-Lewis Zinia Zaukuu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi-Ghana 00233, Ghana;
| | - George Bazar
- CORRELTECH Laboratory, ADEXGO Kft., 1222 Budapest, Hungary;
| | | | - Marietta Fodor
- Department of Food and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zoltan Kovacs
- Department of Food Measurement and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary;
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17
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Gomes-Dias JS, Teixeira-Guedes CI, Teixeira JA, Rocha CMR. Red seaweed biorefinery: The influence of sequential extractions on the functional properties of extracted agars and porphyrans. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128479. [PMID: 38040161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Red seaweeds are exploited for their hydrocolloids, but other fractions are usually overlooked. In a novel approach, this study aimed to evaluate cold-water (CWE), ethanolic (EE), and alkaline (SE) extractions, alone and in sequence, to simultaneously: i) decrease the hydrocolloid extraction waste (valorizing bioactive side-streams and/or increasing extraction yield); and ii) increase the hydrocolloids' texturizing properties. It is the first time these extractions' synergetic and/or antagonistic effects will be accessed. For Porphyra dioica, a combination of CWE and EE was optimal: a positive influence on the melting temperature (increasing 5 °C to 74 °C) and sulphate content (a 3-fold reduction to 5 %) was observed, compared to a direct porphyran extraction. The same was observed for Gracilaria vermiculophyla, recovering two additional bioactive fractions without impacting the hydrocolloid's extraction (agar with 220 g/cm2 gelling strength and 14 % yield was obtained). The sequential use of CWE, EE, and SE was the most beneficial in Gelidium corneum processing: it enhanced agar's texturizing capacity (reaching 1150 g/cm2, a 1.5-fold increase when compared to a direct extraction), without affecting its 22 % yield or over 88 % purity. Ultimately, these findings clarified the effects of cascading biorefinery approaches from red seaweeds and their pertinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Gomes-Dias
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - José A Teixeira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Cristina M R Rocha
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal.
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18
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Rosier CL, Kittredge D, Nainiger B, Duarte O, Austic G, TerAvest D. Validation of low-cost reflectometer to identify phytochemical accumulation in food crops. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2524. [PMID: 38291145 PMCID: PMC10827735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Diets consisting of greater quantity/diversity of phytochemicals are correlated with reduced risk of disease. This understanding guides policy development increasing awareness of the importance of consuming fruits, grains, and vegetables. Enacted policies presume uniform concentrations of phytochemicals across crop varieties regardless of production/harvesting methods. A growing body of research suggests that concentrations of phytochemicals can fluctuate within crop varieties. Improved awareness of how cropping practices influence phytochemical concentrations are required, guiding policy development improving human health. Reliable, inexpensive laboratory equipment represents one of several barriers limiting further study of the complex interactions influencing crop phytochemical accumulation. Addressing this limitation our study validated the capacity of a low-cost Reflectometer ($500) to measure phytochemical content in selected crops, against a commercial grade laboratory spectrophotometer. Our correlation results ranged from r2 = 0.81 for protein in wheat and oats to r2 = 0.99 for polyphenol content in lettuce in both the Reflectometer and laboratory spectrophotometer assessment, suggesting the Reflectometer provides an accurate accounting of phytochemical content within evaluated crops. Repeatability evaluation demonstrated good reproducibility of the Reflectometer to assess crop phytochemical content. Additionally, we confirmed large variation in phytochemical content within specific crop varieties, suggesting that cultivar is but one of multiple drivers of phytochemical accumulation. Our findings indicate dramatic nutrient variations could exist across the food supply, a point whose implications are not well understood. Future studies should investigate the interactions between crop phytochemical accumulation and farm management practices that influence specific soil characteristics.
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19
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Petersohn I, Hellinga AH, van Lee L, Keukens N, Bont L, Hettinga KA, Feskens EJM, Brouwer-Brolsma EM. Maternal diet and human milk composition: an updated systematic review. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1320560. [PMID: 38352250 PMCID: PMC10862141 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1320560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months after birth provides infants with the best start for life. A review by Bravi et al. summarized the importance of maternal diet as a determinant of human milk composition based on data up to 2015, but evidence on nutrient intake level was limited. Objective We updated the review by Bravi et al., critically assessed differences in study designs and sampling methods, and graphically visualized trends and associations. Data sources PubMed was systematically searched for articles published between January 2015 and March 2021. Data extraction Article screening, selection, and data extraction was done by two independent researchers, including a risk of bias assessment based on 11 criteria. Articles were eligible when including: quantitative information, commonly used effect estimates, healthy mother-infant dyads. Results Twenty seven observational and five intervention studies were identified (n = 7,138) and combined with results of Bravi et al. Fatty acids were still the most studied human milk components in relation to maternal diet (n = 17 studies) with maternal fish intake being predominantly positively associated with milk ALA (r = 0.28-0.42), DHA (r = 0.24-0.46), and EPA (r = 0.25-0.28) content. PUFAs from diet were generally positively correlated with their concentrations in milk, while SFA intake was negatively associated with several fatty acids in milk. Studies on associations with maternal diet and milk carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals were limited in number and varied in methods and results. Conclusion This updated review shows that evidence on the association between maternal diet and human milk fatty acids is rapidly increasing, but still diversified in methodology and results. Further studies, preferably intervention studies, assessing diet and milk carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals are needed to be able draw conclusions on the importance of maternal diet for human milk composition as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Petersohn
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Ausnutria BV, Zwolle, Netherlands
| | - Anneke H. Hellinga
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Nicole Keukens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Louis Bont
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- ReSViNET Foundation, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Kasper A. Hettinga
- Division of Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Edith J. M. Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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20
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Herdiana Y, Sofian FF, Shamsuddin S, Rusdiana T. Towards halal pharmaceutical: Exploring alternatives to animal-based ingredients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23624. [PMID: 38187251 PMCID: PMC10770512 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Halal is a crucial concept for Muslim consumers regarding consumed products, including pharmaceutical ingredients, which are essential in modern medicine. To address the issue of using porcine-sourced ingredients in pharmaceuticals, it is essential to search for halal alternatives derived from poultry, animal by-products from meat processing, marine sources, and plants. However, the complexity of this problem is further compounded by the rapid advances in innovation and technology, which can lead to adulteration of ingredients derived from pigs. Other challenges include the sustainability of alternative materials, management of waste or by-products practice, halal awareness, certification, government policies, religious adherence of consumers, food suppliers, marketers, and purchasing of products. The importance of halal and non-halal problems, specifically in the context of pharmaceutical materials, is still rarely discussed, including alternatives derived from poultry, animal by-products, marine sources, and plants. Due to the increasing global population, there is a growing need to increase awareness and concern among Muslim consumers for halal products, including pharmaceuticals. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the importance of halal and non-halal issues in pharmaceutical ingredients, the potential impact on the Muslim community, as well as opportunities and challenges in the search for alternative ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedi Herdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
- Halal Food Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Society, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Ferry Ferdiansyah Sofian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
- Halal Food Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Society, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Nanobiotech Research Initiative, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), USM, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- USM-RIKEN Interdisciplinary Collaboration on Advanced Sciences (URICAS), 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Taofik Rusdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
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21
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Hashemi SS, Najari M, Parvin M, Kalani MM, Assadi M, Seyedian R, Zaeri S. Wound healing effects of dexpanthenol-loaded core/shell electrospun nanofibers: Implication of oxidative stress in wound healing. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:97-106. [PMID: 38164485 PMCID: PMC10722473 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.71412.15526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Knowing the detrimental role of oxidative stress in wound healing and the anti-oxidant properties of Dexpanthenol (Dex), we aimed to produce Dex-loaded electrospun core/shell nanofibers for wound healing study. The novelty was measuring oxidative stress in wounds to know how oxidative stress was affected by Dex-loaded fibers. Materials and Methods TPVA solution containing Dex 6% (w/v) (core) and PVA/chitosan solution (shell) were coaxially electrospun with variable injection rates of the shell solution. Fibers were then tested for physicochemical properties, drug release profile, and effects on wound healing. Levels of tissue lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity were measured. Results Fibers produced at shell injection rate of 0.3 ml/hr (F3 fibers) showed core/shell structure with an average diameter of 252 nm, high hydrophilicity (swelling: 157% at equilibrium), and low weight loss (13.6%). Dex release from F3 fibers seemed to be ruled by the Fickian mechanism based on the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R2 = 0.94, n = 0.37). Dex-loaded F3 fibers promoted fibroblast viability (128.4%) significantly on day 5 and also accelerated wound healing compared to the neat F3 fibers at macroscopic and microscopic levels on day 14 post-wounding. The important finding was a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (0.39 nmol/ mg protein) level and an increase in superoxide dismutase (5.29 unit/mg protein) activity in Dex-loaded F3 fiber-treated wound tissues. Conclusion Dex-loaded core/shell fibers provided nano-scale scaffolds with sustained release profile that significantly lowered tissue oxidative stress. This finding pointed to the importance of lowering oxidative stress to achieve proper wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Sahar Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Najari
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Milad Parvin
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Kalani
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Assadi
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ramin Seyedian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sasan Zaeri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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22
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Ratsimbazafy MK, Sharp PA, Razanamparany L, Rajaonah MT, Rakotoarison F, Khoja KK, Wilkin P, Howes MR. Wild edible yams from Madagascar: New insights into nutritional composition support their use for food security and conservation. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:280-291. [PMID: 38268876 PMCID: PMC10804101 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Yams (Dioscorea species) are an important food resource in Madagascar, where both cultivated winged yam (D. alata) and wild edible yams are consumed. However, there is limited knowledge on the nutrient composition of wild edible yams in Madagascar, and on how they compare with the cultivated winged yam. Therefore, in this study, nine wild edible yam species, one with two subspecies from Madagascar (D. bako, D. buckleyana, D. irodensis, D. maciba, D. orangeana, D. pteropoda, D. sambiranensis subsp. bardotiae and subsp. sambiranensis, D. seriflora, and Dioscorea species Ovy valiha), were analyzed for their nutrient composition, compared with cultivated D. alata. They include 6/6 of the most favored wild edible yam species in Madagascar. New nutrient composition data (protein, carbohydrate/starch, energy, lipid, β-carotene, and minerals) are presented for these nine wild edible yam species. The results show that they contain comparable levels of lipids and starch to D. alata, but none are better sources of protein than D. alata. The results show that D. irodensis contains a significantly higher β-carotene content when compared to all other edible yams analyzed, and that D. buckleyana, D. irodensis, and D. sambiranensis subsp. bardotiae have a higher calcium content than cultivated D. alata, while all nine wild edible yam species analyzed contain a higher iron content, compared to cultivated D. alata. The nutrient composition data presented could provide new incentives to conserve wild edible yams and inform on strategies to select Dioscorea species for sustainable cultivation and use, providing opportunities to enhance future food security in Madagascar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirana K. Ratsimbazafy
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliqué aux Sciences de l'alimentationUniversité d'AntananarivoAntananarivoMadagascar
| | - Paul A. Sharp
- Department of Nutritional SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Louisette Razanamparany
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliqué aux Sciences de l'alimentationUniversité d'AntananarivoAntananarivoMadagascar
| | - Mamy Tiana Rajaonah
- Royal Botanic GardensSurreyUK
- Kew Madagascar Conservation CentreAntananarivoMadagascar
| | - Feno Rakotoarison
- Royal Botanic GardensSurreyUK
- Kew Madagascar Conservation Centre, Tanambao MissionAmbanjaMadagascar
| | | | | | - Melanie‐Jayne R. Howes
- Royal Botanic GardensSurreyUK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College LondonLondonUK
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23
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Chen N, Xie Y, Liang Z, Shim H. Biodiesel production and properties estimation from food waste and domestic wastewater by Rhodosporidium toruloides. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119368. [PMID: 37866181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Producing biodiesel from food waste (FW) would benefit both environment and economy. Current study investigated biodiesel production from food waste and domestic wastewater by utilizing the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides under non-sterile condition. The potential of biolipid production from the mixture of effluents of existing local FW treatment facilities and domestic wastewater was firstly evaluated. Then, to increase the nutrient recovery efficiency, FW hydrolysis process by crude enzymes produced from solid FWs by Aspergillus oryzae was introduced and the conditions were further optimized. The optimized hydrolysis process resulted in reducing sugar (RS) yield of 251.81 ± 8.09 mg gdryFW-1 and free amino nitrogen (FAN) yield of 7.70 ± 0.74 mg gdryFW-1 while waste oil with the RS yield of 93.54 ± 0.01 mg gdryFW-1 was easily separated without solvent usage. Compared to the hydrolysate only used, when mixed with domestic wastewater, the results showed obvious enhancement on biomass yield, biolipid yield, and wastewater treatment efficiency. The maximum biolipid yield was 29.80 ± 0.50 mg gdryFW-1 and the estimated quality of biodiesel produced from the biolipid met both EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiwen Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yimin Xie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zhiwei Liang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Hojae Shim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
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24
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Tamuliene J, Kirova T. Discrimination of leucine and isoleucine via fragmentation by electromagnetic field. J Mol Model 2023; 30:11. [PMID: 38095730 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT We conduct comparative numerical studies of the effects of electric dipole field and electromagnetic radiation field on the amino acids leucine and isoleucine. Since they are structural isomers, distinguishing them by mass is a non-trivial task, while determination of protein structure can be crucial on many occasions. We emphasize the influence of the magnetic field of radiation by utilizing a modified basis sets with correction coefficients to the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] orbitals following the Anisotropic Gaussian Type Orbitals method. Studying the electric potential of the isomers in dipole electric or electromagnetic fields proves that the different layout of leucine vs isoleucine is the main reason why some fragments could not be formed during chemical bond cleavage. Comparison of the chemical structure of the fragments created due to the decomposition of the isomers in the dipole electric or electromagnetic fields shows that their decomposition products are different. These findings can be used also for discrimination between the two isoleucine conformers, for which the cleavage starts at different values of the dipole electric field strength, as well as the products of the decomposition reaction are not identical. Our numerical calculations of the fragmentation outcomes, taking into account the magnetic field effects, can serve as a guidance for discrimination between the isomers/conformers. METHODS We applied the Becke's three-parameter hybrid functional approach with non-local correlation by Lee, Yang, and Parr ([Formula: see text]), together with the [Formula: see text] basis set as it is implemented in the GAUSSIAN09 quantum chemistry package in order to obtain the most stable conformers of leucine and isoleucine. We used the options provided by GAUSSIAN09 to add finite external field in order to perform the calculations of leucine and isoleucine in the electric dipole and electromagnetic fields. The Anisotropic Gaussian Type Orbitals method was used to obtain the correction coefficients which modify the original [Formula: see text] basis set in order to account for the effects of magnetic field of radiation. Results were visualized and the electrical potentials analyzed by the Molden visualization program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Tamuliene
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy, Vilnius University, 3 Sauletekio av., Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Teodora Kirova
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, 3 Jelgava str., Riga, LV-1004, Latvia.
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25
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Yan D, Xue S, Zhang Z, Xu G, Zhang Y, Gao J, Zhang W. Air nanobubble water improves plant uptake and tolerance toward cadmium in phytoremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122577. [PMID: 37722479 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination continues to be a persistent environmental problem. To address this issue, this study evaluated the impact of air nanobubbles (NBs) in water on the uptake of heavy metals by Alternanthera philoxeroides (A. philoxeroides), a common aquatic plant in China known for its rapid growth, strong vitality, and high capacity for heavy metal remediation. This study found that diluted air NBs (25% concentration) boosted cadmium uptake of A. philoxeroides by 17.39%. They also enhanced plant growth (25-50%) and photosynthetic pigments (10-20%) even at low cadmium levels (0.1 mM). Furthermore, the incorporation of 25% air NBs has been demonstrated to significantly amplify the performance of key antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, alongside heightened levels of crucial antioxidants such as malondialdehyde. This heightened activity of antioxidant defenses offers a compelling explanation for the potential amelioration of cadmium toxicity and concurrent enhancements in overall plant growth rates. Notably, a comprehensive analysis utilizing the excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) technique has revealed alterations in the composition of rhizosphere dissolved organic matter due to the presence of NBs. This ncomposition change of the rhizosphere dissolved organic mattermposition has subsequently exerted an influence on plant complexation processes and the subsequent uptake of cadmium. This study demonstrates that the strategic implementation of air NBs in water systems holds the potential to significantly enhance the plant's ability to detoxify cadmium and improve the uptake of heavy metals during phytoremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajiang Yan
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Shan Xue
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China.
| | - Guodong Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Yanhao Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Jianan Gao
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
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26
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Vu DT, Falch E, Elvevoll EO, Jensen IJ. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Orange-Footed Sea Cucumber ( Cucumaria frondosa)-Effect of Different Enzymes on Protein Yield and Bioactivity. Foods 2023; 12:3685. [PMID: 37835338 PMCID: PMC10573069 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While sea cucumber is a food delicacy in Asia, these food resources are less exploited in Europe. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and potential food applications of the less exploited orange-footed sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa). In particular, the antioxidative capacity and free amino acids associated with the umami flavor released by enzymatic hydrolyses by either Bromelain + Papain (0.36%, 1:1) or Alcalase (0.36%) were studied. Fresh C. frondosa contained approximately 86% water, and low levels of ash (<1%) and lipids (<0.5%). The protein content was 5%, with a high proportion of essential amino acids (43%) and thus comparable to the FAO reference protein. The high concentration of free amino acids associated with umami, sour, sweet, and bitter may contribute to flavor enhancement. Hydrolysis by Bromelain + Papain resulted in the highest protein yield, and the greatest concentration of free amino acids associated with umami and sour taste. All samples showed promising antioxidant capacity measured by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH and ORAC compared to previous reports. The inorganic arsenic concentration of fresh C. frondosa ranged from 2 to 8 mg/kg wet weight and was not affected by processing. This is comparable to other seafood and may exceed regulatory limits of consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dat Trong Vu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU Trondheim, N-7012 Trondheim, Norway; (D.T.V.); (E.F.)
| | - Eva Falch
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU Trondheim, N-7012 Trondheim, Norway; (D.T.V.); (E.F.)
| | - Edel O. Elvevoll
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Ida-Johanne Jensen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU Trondheim, N-7012 Trondheim, Norway; (D.T.V.); (E.F.)
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27
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Aulia R, Amanah HZ, Lee H, Kim MS, Baek I, Qin J, Cho BK. Protein and lipid content estimation in soybeans using Raman hyperspectral imaging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1167139. [PMID: 37600204 PMCID: PMC10436576 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1167139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Unlike standard chemical analysis methods involving time-consuming, labor-intensive, and invasive pretreatment procedures, Raman hyperspectral imaging (HSI) can rapidly and non-destructively detect components without professional supervision. Generally, the Kjeldahl methods and Soxhlet extraction are used to chemically determine the protein and lipid content of soybeans. This study is aimed at developing a high-performance model for estimating soybean protein and lipid content using a non-destructive Raman HSI. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) techniques were used to develop the model using a calibration model based on 70% spectral data, and the remaining 30% of the data were used for validation. The results indicate that the Raman HSI, combined with PLSR, resulted in a protein and lipid model Rp2 of 0.90 and 0.82 with Root Mean Squared Error Prediction (RMSEP) 1.27 and 0.79, respectively. Additionally, this study successfully used the Raman HSI approach to create a prediction image showing the distribution of the targeted components, and could predict protein and lipid based on a single seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizkiana Aulia
- Department of Smart Agricultural System, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanim Z. Amanah
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hongseok Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon S. Kim
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Insuck Baek
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Jianwei Qin
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Byoung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Smart Agricultural System, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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28
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Liu D, Yang H, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Guo W, Rossi V, Xin M, Du J, Hu Z, Liu J, Peng H, Ni Z, Sun Q, Yao Y. An elite γ-gliadin allele improves end-use quality in wheat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:87-101. [PMID: 36617723 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gluten is composed of glutenins and gliadins and determines the viscoelastic properties of dough and end-use quality in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Gliadins are important for wheat end-use traits, but the contribution of individual gliadin genes is unclear, since gliadins are encoded by a complex, multigenic family, including many pseudogenes. We used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and map-based cloning to investigate the contribution of the γ-gliadin genes annotated in the wheat cultivar 'Fielder', showing that Gli-γ1-1D and Gli-γ2-1B account for most of the γ-gliadin accumulation. The impaired activity of only two γ-gliadin genes in knockout mutants improved end-use quality and reduced gluten epitopes associated with celiac disease (CD). Furthermore, we identified an elite haplotype of Gli-γ1-1D linked to higher end-use quality in a wheat germplasm collection and developed a molecular marker for this allele for marker-assisted selection. Our findings provide information and tools for biotechnology-based and classical breeding programs aimed at improving wheat end-use quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huaimao Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaoheng Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weilong Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Vincenzo Rossi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, I-24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinkun Du
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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29
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Yu H, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Li H, Chen Y, Zhu J. Effects of specific doses of E-beam irradiation which inactivated SARS-CoV-2 on the nutrition and quality of Atlantic salmon. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023; 12:1351-1358. [PMID: 38620800 PMCID: PMC9671704 DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The contamination of Atlantic salmon with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impeded the development of the cold-chain food industry and posed possible risks to the population. Electron beam (E-beam) irradiation under 2, 4, 7, and 10 kGy can effectively inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in cold-chain seafood. However, there are few statistics about the quality changes of salmon exposed to these irradiation dosages. This work demonstrated that E-beam irradiation at dosages capable of killing SARS-CoV-2 induced lipid oxidation, decreased vitamin A content, and increased some amino acids and ash content. In addition, irradiation altered the textural features of salmon, such as its hardness, resilience, cohesiveness, and chewiness. The irradiation considerably affected the L*, a*, and b* values of salmon, with the L* value increasing and a*, b* values decreasing. There was no significant difference in the sensory evaluation of control and irradiated salmon. It was shown that irradiation with 2-7 kGy E-beam did not significantly degrade quality. The inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in salmon is advised at a dose of 2 kGy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghao Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajin Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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30
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alsedfy M, Said A, alfattah KA, mahmoud M. The impact of ascorbic acid (E 300) on digestion of different nutrients using In Vitro digestion model.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3108018/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Ascorbic acid is a very common antioxidant food additive and vitamin supplement which is used by human on daily basis. Especially during corona virus pandemic because it is included in COVID-19 treatment guidelines. During this study the physicochemical properties as well as cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity and anti-diabetic activity were determined. Moreover, the effect of ascorbic acid on the digestibility of different nutrients including proteins, and fats were evaluated using INFOGEST in vitro digestion model. The structural analysis of ascorbic acid reveals that it has a monoclinic crystal structure with particle size in the nanoscale (41.496 ± 12.96 nm ). Cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity measurements proved that ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant with high safety profile. Moreover, it stimulates cell growth and proliferation at a dose dependent manner (12.5, 25, 50,100, and 200 mM). Ascorbic acid showed to have a low inhibition effect on alpha glucosidase enzyme, even at high concentrations (22.1% at 1800 ppm ). Digestibility measurements demonstrates that it has a positive effect on proteins and fats digestibility with a concentration dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa Said
- faculty of science south valley university
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31
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Berlian G, Riani C, Kurniati NF, Rachmawati H. Peptide derived C. striata albumin as a natural angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15958. [PMID: 37187901 PMCID: PMC10176048 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most popular sources for fish albumin, Channa striata has been considered as a promising substitute for human albumin. However, scientific information regarding its genomic and proteomic is very limited, making its identification rather complicated. In this study, we aimed to isolate, characterize, and examine the bioactivity of protein and peptide derivatives of C. striata albumin. Fractionation of albumin from C. striata extract was conducted using Cohn Process and the yield was evaluated. The peptides were further produced by enzymatic hydrolysis. All these proteins were studied using tricine-SDS PAGE and tested for in vitro ACE inhibition. Dry weights of the Fraction-5, where the albumin was more abundant and purer, was 3.8 ± 2.1%. Based on tricine-SDS PAGE analysis, two bands of protein, e.g., approximately 10 and 13 kDa, were detected with highest intensity found in Fraction-5, which might be albumin of C. striata. An increasing trend of ACE inhibition by the fractions was observed, ranging from 7.09 to 22.99%. The highest ACEI activity was found in peptides from alcalase hydrolysis with molecular size <3 kDa (56.65 ± 2.32%, IC50 36.93 μg/mL). This value was also statistically significant compared with the non-hydrolyzed Fraction-5 and Parental Fraction, which were 23.48 ± 3.11% (P < 0.05) and 13.02 ± 0.68% (P < 0.01), respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest a promising potential of peptide-derived C. striata albumin for natural antihypertensive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntur Berlian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Mega Medica Pharmaceuticals, Kalideres, Jakarta Barat 11840, Indonesia
| | - Catur Riani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Neng Fisheri Kurniati
- Department of Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Heni Rachmawati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
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Licata M, Farruggia D, Iacuzzi N, Matteo R, Tuttolomondo T, Di Miceli G. Effects of Genotype and Climate on Productive Performance of High Oleic Carthamus tinctorius L. under Rainfed Conditions in a Semi-Arid Environment of Sicily (Italy). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091733. [PMID: 37176792 PMCID: PMC10181448 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a promising oilseed crop for cultivation in central Southern Italy due to its high tolerance to drought and salinity stress and appreciable seed and oil yields. The genetic diversity of cultivars and climate factors can affect fatty acid composition and yield traits. This study aimed to assess the effects of genotype and climate conditions on the productive performance of eight high oleic safflower genotypes under rainfed conditions in Sicily (Italy). These genotypes were compared to the Montola 2000 cultivar, which was used as a reference. Tests were carried out during the growing seasons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological and yield components were significantly affected by genotype while the year had a significant effect on plant height only. In general, CTI 17 produced the highest seed yield (1.40 t ha-1) and oil yield (0.58 t ha-1). The seed oil content was found on 40.2% of dry matter, on average. The "genotype" factor significantly affected oil content and fatty acid composition. Oleic acid content was on average 66.1% and did not vary greatly over the two growing seasons. The above- and belowground plant parts showed the highest carbon content and the lowest nitrogen content as a percentage of dry matter. The results indicate that, under rainfed conditions, yield parameters of high oleic safflower genotypes can be profitable in southern Italy though significantly dependent upon genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Licata
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Farruggia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicolò Iacuzzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Matteo
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Teresa Tuttolomondo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Miceli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Tu Y, Zhang X, Wang L. Effect of salt treatment on the stabilization of Pickering emulsions prepared with rice bran protein. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112537. [PMID: 36914309 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, salt addition (NaCl and CaCl2) was utilized to improve the stability of emulsions formed by rice bran protein (RBP). The result showed that salt addition improved the adsorption of protein on the oil-water interface and enhanced the physical stability of emulsions. Compared to NaCl condition, emulsions with CaCl2 (especially 200 mM) addition exhibited more significant storage stability, as microscopy images showed emulsion structure unchanged and droplet size increasing slightly from 12.02 µm to 16.04 µm in 7 days. It was attributed to the strengthened particle complexation with CaCl2 and the increased hydrophobic interactions, which is explained by the improved particle size (260.93 nm), surface hydrophobicity (1890.10) and fluorescence intensity, thus inducing dense and hardly destroyed interfacial layers. Rheological behavior analyses suggested that salt-induced emulsions had higher viscoelasticity and maintained a stable gel-like structure. The result of study explored the mechanism of salt treated protein particles, developed a further understanding of Pickering emulsion, and was beneficial to the application of RBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China; Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Yakubu AH, Platts K, Sorsby AC, Clegg ME, Paxman JR. A content analysis of the European food safety Authority’s scientific opinion on authorised and rejected appetite-related health claim applications. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Influence of anaerobic biotransformation process of agro-industrial waste with Lactobacillus acidophilus on the rheological parameters: case of study of pig manure. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:99. [PMID: 36853421 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the rheological behavior of the pig waste biotransformation process to produce lactic acid (LA) and biomass with Lactobacillus acidophilus in a stirred reactor. In addition, cell growth, carbohydrate consumption, and LA production were measured at three different agitation speeds, 100, 150, and 200 rpm at 37 °C, with a reaction time of 52 h. During the development of the process, the kinetic and rheological parameters were obtained using the logistic, Gompertz, generalized Gompertz, Ostwald de Waele, and Herschel-Bulkley mathematical models, respectively. The substrate used was pig manure, to which molasses was added at 12% v/v to increase the concentration of carbohydrates. The results suggest that mass exchange is favorable at low agitation speeds. Nevertheless, the presence of molasses rich in carbohydrates as a carbon source modifies the characteristics of the fluid, dilatant (n > 1) at the beginning of the process to end up as pseudoplastic (n < 1) due to the addition of exopolysaccharides and the modification of the physical structure of the substrate. This effect was confirmed by the Herschel-Bulkley model, which presented a better fit to the data obtained, in addition to finding a direct relationship between viscosity and pH that can be used as variables for the control of bioconversion processes of pig manure into biomass rich in Lactobacillus acidophilus.
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36
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Jensen IJ, Bodin N, Govinden R, Elvevoll EO. Marine Capture Fisheries from Western Indian Ocean: An Excellent Source of Proteins and Essential Amino Acids. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051015. [PMID: 36900532 PMCID: PMC10000635 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Republic of Seychelles is located in Western-Central Indian Ocean, and marine capture fisheries play a key role in the country's economic and social life in terms of food security, employment, and cultural identity. The Seychellois are among the highest per capita fish-consuming people in the world, with a high reliance on fish for protein. However, the diet is in transition, moving towards a Western-style diet lower in fish and higher in animal meat and easily available, highly processed foods. The aim of this study was to examine and evaluate the protein content and quality of a wide range of marine species exploited by the Seychelles industrial and artisanal fisheries, as well as to further to assess the contribution of these species to the daily intake recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A total of 230 individuals from 33 marine species, including 3 crustaceans, 1 shark, and 29 teleost fish, were collected from the Seychelles waters during 2014-2016. All analyzed species had a high content of high-quality protein, with all indispensable amino acids above the reference value pattern for adults and children. As seafood comprises almost 50% of the consumed animal protein in the Seychelles, it is of particular importance as a source of essential amino acids and associated nutrients, and as such every effort to sustain the consumption of regional seafood should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida-Johanne Jensen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries, and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: or
| | - Nathalie Bodin
- Seychelles Fishing Authority (SFA), Fishing Port, Victoria P.O. Box 449, Mahé, Seychelles
- Sustainable Ocean Seychelles, BeauBelle, Mahé, Seychelles
| | - Rodney Govinden
- Seychelles Fishing Authority (SFA), Fishing Port, Victoria P.O. Box 449, Mahé, Seychelles
| | - Edel Oddny Elvevoll
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries, and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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37
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Sajjad A, Rasheed F, Xiao X, Olsson RT, Capezza AJ, Zia M. Integration of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Wheat Gluten Hydrolysates-Development of Multifunctional Films with Pliable Properties. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-023-02544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Xu Y, Amakye WK, Xiao G, Liu X, Ren J, Wang M. Intestinal absorptivity-increasing effects of sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]-caprylate on food-derived bioactive peptide. Food Chem 2023; 401:134059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kendler S, Thornes FW, Jakobsen AN, Lerfall J. Nutritional profiling and contaminant levels of five underutilized fish species in Norway. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1118094. [PMID: 36969808 PMCID: PMC10031004 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1118094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring and making use of underutilized marine resources can be a sustainable approach to achieve future demands of fish consumption by the ever-growing population. Five species, namely European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), European flounder (Platichthys flesus), lemon sole (Microstomus kitt), megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis), and thornback ray (Raja clavate), often captured as by-catch in Norway, were characterized for their nutritional value and potential accumulation of hazardous components. The proximate composition, protein profile, fatty acid profile as well as essential and toxic trace elements and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed. Digestible indispensable amino acid (DIAA) ratios and scores (DIAAS) and contributions of omega-3 fatty acids to the diet were calculated. Analysis on proximate composition revealed low fat contents of 0.74 to 1.25% and sufficient protein contents between 16.9 and 24% in the five species. Results of DIAA indicate a profitable distribution, with contributions exceeding the daily intake recommendations for an adult person related to a 200 g fillet. Moreover, findings on the distribution of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed remarkable results, considering that the investigated species are lean fish. All five investigated fish exceed the recommended average daily intake level (AI) of EPA + DHA in a 200 g portion. As to toxic trace elements and PCBs, no significantly elevated levels were found considering a portion size of 200 g. Consequently, the nutritional quality of the investigated fish can be regarded as profitable with overall low potential health risks.
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40
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Rapid determination of protein, starch and moisture contents in wheat flour by near-infrared hyperspectral imaging. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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41
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Wilder SM, Barnes CL. Comparing the accuracy of protein measures for arthropods. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 144:104470. [PMID: 36525989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Data on the protein content of arthropods can be useful for addressing a variety of ecological, behavioral, and physiological hypotheses. Yet, the most accurate method for measuring protein content (i.e., amino acid analysis) is expensive and the accuracy of less expensive measures of protein is unclear. We analyzed a diversity of arthropods to test for relationships between digestible protein content as measured by amino acid analysis and several common protein measures: crude protein, Bradford assay, BCA assay, and Lowry assay. In the full dataset, the closest relationship to the amino acid data was found for the Lowry assay and the average of the Bradford and Lowry assays. However, one species, Blattella germanica, appeared to be an outlier in some analyses. When the data were analyzed without B. germanica, the closest relationships to the amino acid data were found for the Lowry assay. Our results suggest that not all protein measures are equal in their ability to estimate amino acid content. Some arthropod species can also contain chemicals that interfere with the accuracy of protein assays. Given that it is unclear how often interfering compounds are found in invertebrates, it may be best to conduct multiple assays when analyzing the protein content of arthropods, especially the Bradford and Lowry assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Wilder
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Cody L Barnes
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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42
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Imran A, Humiyion M, Arshad MU, Saeed F, Arshad MS, Afzaal M, Imran M, Usman I, Ikram A, Naeem U, Hussain M, Al Jbawi E. Extraction, amino acid estimation, and characterization of bioactive constituents from peanut shell through eco-innovative techniques for food application. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2119999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Imran
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Humiyion
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of food science and technology, University of Narowal-Pakistan, Pakistan
- Food, nutrition and lifestyle Unit, King Fahed Medical Research Center, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University. Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifrah Usman
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Ikram
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Usman Naeem
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
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43
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Healy LE, Zhu X, Pojic M, Poojary MM, Curtin J, Tiwari U, Sullivan C, Tiwari BK. Impact of dry, particle-size fractionation on protein and amino acid content of three seaweed species. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2120001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Healy
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xianglu Zhu
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Milica Pojic
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mahesha M Poojary
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - James Curtin
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uma Tiwari
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carl Sullivan
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brijesh K Tiwari
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
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Elbeshehy EKF, Hassan WM, Baeshen AA. Controlling Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) Infection in Pepper Seedlings by Use of Chemically Synthetic Silver Nanoparticles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010139. [PMID: 36615333 PMCID: PMC9822145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the roles of different concentrations of chemical synthetic spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in protecting pepper seedlings of the Mecca region, which were naturally and artificially infected by the pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). The virus shows many infection symptoms, including pepper leaf deformation with filiform leaves and severe mosaic symptoms. Our study focused on the antiviral activity of different concentrations of spherical nanoparticles in controlling PMMoV infecting pepper seedlings. PMMoV identification was confirmed via DAS-ELISA using the following antiserum: PMMoV, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), potato virus Y (PVY), and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The presence of PMMoV was confirmed using electron microscopy and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We evaluated the effects of exogenously applied different concentrations of AgNPs on CMV infection rate, infection severity, virus concentration, and the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid content, phenolic compounds, and protein components in virus-infected plant cells that were treated with three different concentration of nanoparticles (200, 300, and 400 µg/L) compared to the positive and negative control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam K. F. Elbeshehy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Wael M. Hassan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Quwayiyah College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Riyadh 19257, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej A. Baeshen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
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Jan R, Khan M, Adnan M, Asaf S, Asif S, Kim KM, Murad W. Exogenous Phytohormones and Fertilizers Enhance Jatropha curcas L. Growth through the Regulation of Physiological, Morphological, and Biochemical Parameters. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11243584. [PMID: 36559696 PMCID: PMC9782854 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Jatropha curcas L. is a perennial plant, that emerged as a biodiesel crop attracting the great interest of researchers. However, it is considered a semi-wild plant and needed to apply crop-improving practices to enhance its full yield potential. This study was conducted to improve the growth and development of the J. curcas plant by exogenous application of Gibberellic acid (GA), indole acetic acid (IAA), and fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK)). The experiment was conducted in pots in triplicate and 100 ppm and 250 ppm of GA and IAA were applied separately while NPK was applied in two levels (30 and 60 g/pot). The results revealed a significant difference in growth parameters with the application of hormones and fertilizer. The highest shoot length (47%), root length (63%), root fresh weight (72%), and root dry weight (172%) were shown by plants treated with GA 250 ppm. While plants treated with NPK 60 g showed the highest increases in shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight compared to control plants. The highest increase in leaves number (274%) and branches number (266%) were shown by the plants treated with GA 100 ppm and GA 250 ppm, respectively, while GA 250 ppm and IAA 250 ppm highly increased stem diameter (123%) and stem diameter was also shown by GA 250 ppm-treated plants. NPK 60 g highly increased proximate composition (protein content, carbohydrate, fat, moisture content, and ash content) compare with hormones and control plants. Our results concluded the optimized concentration of IAA, GA, and NPK significantly increases J. curcas growth vigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmatullah Jan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Saleem Asif
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Waheed Murad
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Protein Characteristics and Bioactivity of Fish Protein Hydrolysates from Tra Catfish ( Pangasius hypophthalmus) Side Stream Isolates. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244102. [PMID: 36553843 PMCID: PMC9778320 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis is a novel method to recover highly potent bioactive fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) from fish processing side-streams. The common way of producing FPHs directly from fish side-streams may be inappropriate due to the excess of lipids and pro-oxidants, especially in lipid-rich streams, as obtained from Tra catfish. This study aimed to optimise the hydrolysis conditions for a commercial enzyme (Alcalase® 2.4 L) (enzyme concentrate, temperature, and time) in FPH production from the fish protein isolate obtained from Tra catfish dark muscle (DM-FPI) using the pH-shift method. The degree of hydrolysis (DH), protein recovery (PR), and antioxidant properties, including DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) and total reducing power capacity (TRPC), were measured to evaluate the effects of the hydrolysis conditions on the FPHs. Optimal hydrolysis was obtained at an enzyme/substrate protein ratio of 3% (v/w) and a hydrolysis temperature of 50 °C for 3 h. The FPHs obtained from different substrates, including DM-FPI, abdominal cut-off (ACO) FPI, and head and backbone blend (HBB) FPI, had similar DHs under these optimum conditions, ranging from 22.5% to 24.0%. However, the FPH obtained from abdominal cut-off isolate (ACO-FPH) showed the highest PR of 81.5 ± 4.3% and the highest antioxidant properties, with a DPPH-RSA of 86.1 ± 1.6% and a TRPC of 6.4 ± 0.4 equivalent mg vitamin C/g protein. The resulting FPHs present a natural source of antioxidants with great potential for food applications, especially the ACO-FPH. In addition, all FPHs had excellent amino acid profiles, indicating strong potential for their use as supplements. Tra catfish protein-rich side-streams can thus be processed into high-value bioactive FPHs using Alcalase for human consumption.
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Gordillo Sierra AR, Amador-Castro LF, Ramírez-Partida AE, García-Cayuela T, Carrillo-Nieves D, Alper HS. Valorization of Caribbean Sargassum biomass as a source of alginate and sugars for de novo biodiesel production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116364. [PMID: 36191503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since 2011, a massive influx of pelagic brown algae Sargassum has invaded coastlines causing environmental and economic disaster. Valorizing this plentiful macroalgae can present much needed economic relief to the areas affected. Here the production of biodiesel and a high-value alginate stream using Sargassum biomass collected from the coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico is reported. Biomass was pretreated via AEA (Alginate Extraction Autohydrolysis) and enzymatic saccharification via fungal Solid State Fermentation, releasing 7 g/L total sugars. The sugar mixture was fermented using engineered Yarrowia lipolytica resulting in 0.35 g/L total lipid titer at the lab tube scale. Additionally, the capability of extracting 0.3875 g/g DW of a high-value, purified alginate stream from this material is demonstrated. The findings presented here are promising and suggest an opportunity for the optimization and scale up of a biodiesel production biorefinery for utilization of Sargassum seaweeds during seasons of high invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Gordillo Sierra
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Luis Fernando Amador-Castro
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Carrillo Biorefinery Lab, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Andreé E Ramírez-Partida
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Carrillo Biorefinery Lab, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Food and Biotech Lab, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Danay Carrillo-Nieves
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Carrillo Biorefinery Lab, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Hal S Alper
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway Avenue, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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Assessment of nutritional properties and phenolic characterization of freshly harvested Dendrocalamus hamiltoni shoots and processed bamboo candy. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 32:769-778. [PMID: 37041808 PMCID: PMC10082696 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The free and bound phenolic constituents in Dendrocalamus hamiltonii shoots were evaluated and compared to processed bamboo candy. Preliminary proximate analysis revealed a percent reduction in moisture and protein with a less significant change in fibre content. The fresh free phenolic extract (FFPE) exhibited a total phenolics of 131.22 mg GAE/g and recovered 48.29 mg GAE/g phenolic content in bound fraction (FBPE). Results demonstrated higher loss of free phenolics after processing compared to bound fraction (CBPE). Although similar results were observed in total flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity was reduced after candy processing, with fresh shoots having the lowest percent inhibition (IC50) against DPPH· and ABTS· radicals. Although both free and bound fractions of candy demonstrated effective antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis revealed that FFPE contained more chlorogenic acid (0.14 mg/10 g) and cinnamic acid (0.75 mg/10 g) than CFPE. Quercetin was undetected in all free fractions but was found in bound form.
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Drosophila suzukii energetic pathways are differently modulated by nutritional geometry in males and females. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21194. [PMID: 36476948 PMCID: PMC9729594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a polyphagous pest, Drosophila suzukii has a variety of host fruits available for feeding and oviposition, but how the nutritional geometry of different hosts influences its metabolism is still poorly understood. This work aimed to evaluate how D. suzukii metabolic and transcriptional pathways are influenced by feeding on different host fruits, and how sex influences these responses. Adult flies were allowed to feed on five different fruit-based media. Lipids, glucose, glycogen, and energy pathways-associated gene expression, were quantified. Females showed an energetic metabolism easily adaptable to the food's nutritional characteristics; in contrast, males' energetic metabolism was particularly influenced by food, predominantly those fed on raspberry media who showed changes in glucose levels and in the expression of genes associated with metabolic pathways, suggesting activation of gluconeogenesis and trehaloneogenesis as a result of nutritional deficiency. Here we present novel insight into how D. suzukii's energetic pathways are modulated depending on fruits' nutritional geometry and sex. While the females showed high adaptability in their energetic metabolism to the diet, males were more feeding-sensitive. These findings might be used not only to control this pest population but to better advise producers to invest in less suitable fruits based on the hosts' nutritional geometry.
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Parra-Saavedra KJ, Macias-Lamas AM, Silva-Jara JM, Solís-Pacheco JR, Ortiz-Lazareno PC, Aguilar-Uscanga BR. Human lactoferrin from breast milk: characterization by HPLC and its in vitro antibiofilm performance. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:4907-4914. [PMID: 36276523 PMCID: PMC9579248 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Preterm infants are at high risk of infection due to opportunistic bacteria as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causing infections among infants in neonatal intensive care units. Human lactoferrin (hLf) is a multifunctional protein and one of the most abundant in breast milk, and plays an important role in prevention of different infections in neonates. This work offers a strategy to obtain a lyophilisate of purified lactoferrin from breast milk. In addition, a reliable HPLC method for quantification of lactoferrin with a linear quantification range of 0.040-0.140 mg/mL with selectivity, accuracy and repeatability, is described. Lyophilized hLf was obtained by purification through a heparin affinity column followed by ultrafiltration with a 30 kDa membrane. The final solution was lyophilized and the product was analyzed using HPLC method, recovering about 70% of initial lactoferrin in the sample. This molecule was elucidated through FTIR spectroscopy and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. In addition, the capacity against biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa was demonstrated with 75% of inhibition at 6 mg/mL. These results suggest that lyophilized hLf can be obtained by purification of breast milk and that it can provide antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Jeanette Parra-Saavedra
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara., Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Olímpica, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Adriana Macaria Macias-Lamas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara., Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Olímpica, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Jorge Manuel Silva-Jara
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara., Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Olímpica, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Josué Raymundo Solís-Pacheco
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara., Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Olímpica, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Pablo César Ortiz-Lazareno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente., Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social., Sierra Mojada 800, Independencia Oriente, C.P. 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Blanca Rosa Aguilar-Uscanga
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara., Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Olímpica, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
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