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Zhang Y, Kong Q, Niu B, Liu R, Chen H, Xiao S, Wu W, Zhang W, Gao H. The dual function of calcium ion in fruit edible coating: Regulating polymer internal crosslinking state and improving fruit postharvest quality. Food Chem 2024; 447:138952. [PMID: 38461720 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The edible coating is proved to be a convenient approach for fruit preservation. Among these published explorations, naturally sourced macromolecules and green crosslinking strategies gain attention. This work centers on edible coatings containing Ca2+ as crosslinker for the first time, delving into crosslinking mechanisms, include alginate, chitosan, Aloe vera gel, gums, etc. Additionally, the crucial functions of Ca2+ in fruit's quality control are also elaborated in-depth, involving cell wall, calmodulin, antioxidant, etc. Through a comprehensive review, it becomes evident that Ca2+ plays a dual role in fruit edible coating. Specifically, Ca2+ constructs a three-dimensional dense network structure with polymers through ionic bonding. Moreover, Ca2+ acts directly with cell wall to maintain fruit firmness and serve as a second messenger to participate secondary physiological metabolism. In brief, coatings containing Ca2+ present remarkable effects in preserving fruit and this work may provide guidance for Ca2+ related fruit preservation coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qi Kong
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China; College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ben Niu
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huizhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shangyue Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Weijie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Wanli Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Haiyan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China.
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2
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Das B, Devi LS, Dutta J, Kumar S. Eugenol and Aloe vera blended natural wax-based coating for preserving postharvest quality of Kaji lemon ( Citrus jambhiri). Food Chem X 2024; 22:101349. [PMID: 38623512 PMCID: PMC11016979 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Edible coatings on fruits and vegetables preserve postharvest quality by reducing water loss and lowering respiration, and metabolic activities. The primary objectives of this study were to develop composite coating formulations using natural waxes (carnauba and shellac wax), eugenol nanoemulsion, and Aloe vera gel, and assess the potential impacts of the coating formulations on the postharvest quality and shelf-life of the Kaji lemon. The results show that eugenol nanoemulsion and Aloe vera gel enhanced the physico-chemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the developed coating. Notably, the fruits coated with optimized nanocomposite of wax with eugenol and aloe vera gel inclusion (SW + CW/EuNE-20/AVG-2) showed the lowest weight loss (16.56%), while the coatings of wax with only aloe vera gel (SW + CW/AVG-2) exhibited the highest firmness (48 N), in contrast to the control fruit, which had 27.33% weight loss and 9.6 N firmness after 28 days of storage, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaswati Das
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar, Assam 783370, India
| | - L. Susmita Devi
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar, Assam 783370, India
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional NanoMaterials Group, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Hannes Alfvéns väg 12, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar, Assam 783370, India
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3
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Chew ZL, Koh QQ, Chu EE, Kua YL, Gan S, Tan KW, Lee TZE. Tunable durian seed gum-derived eutectogel as a novel coating material: Rheological, thermal, textural and barrier properties for enhanced food preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131201. [PMID: 38554921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
As a promising green and sustainable coating material, gum was extracted from durian seed to produce eutectogel, which the properties were tunable using natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES). Ten different eutectogels were successfully synthesized using durian seed gum (DSG) and xanthan gum (XG) gelators at different composition (5, 10, 15 %) to gel choline chloride-glucose (1:1), choline chloride-fructose (1:2) and betaine-glucose-water (1:1:1) NADESs. Results revealed that eutectogel was non-Newtonian and weak gel material with excellent thermostability up to 200 °C. When the gum content increased, the resulted eutectogel showed higher viscosity, yield stress, hardness, gumminess, adhesiveness, and weight holding capacity. In overall, choline chloride-fructose (1:2) NADES and 10 % of DSG formed an excellent eutectogel which remained stable and compatible upon 12 weeks of storage. It displayed superior viscoelastic, texture, gases and moisture barrier properties which were beneficial for food coating application. This eutectogel was able to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut apples during storage with lower weight loss and higher total phenolic content (TPC). The potential future of this well-characterized tunable DSG-derived eutectogel includes, but not limited to, food and pharmaceutical industries, smart sensing, flexible wearable electronics, water purification, supercapacitors and batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ling Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Qi Qi Koh
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Eng Eng Chu
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Yin Leng Kua
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China.
| | - Suyin Gan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wei Tan
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Terri Zhuan Ean Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
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Iacovino S, Cofelice M, Sorrentino E, Cuomo F, Messia MC, Lopez F. Alginate-Based Emulsions and Hydrogels for Extending the Shelf Life of Banana Fruit. Gels 2024; 10:245. [PMID: 38667664 PMCID: PMC11049227 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Edible coatings are used to extend the shelf life of various fruit, including bananas (Musa from the Musaceae family). After harvest, bananas reach the ripening and subsequent senescence phase. During senescence, the quality of the fruit deteriorates as it takes on a brown color and the tissue becomes soft. To extend the shelf life of such a fruit, effective methods to delay ripening are required. In this study, an alginate-based emulsion, i.e., an oil-in-water emulsion of lemongrass essential oil in alginate, was used to combine the mechanical properties of hydrocolloids with the water barrier properties of the oil phase. The emulsion was sprayed onto the whole fruit with an airbrush, and calcium chloride was added to promote gelling of the alginate. Compared to the uncoated fruit, coated bananas remained uniform in appearance (peel color) for longer, showed less weight loss, had a delay in the formation of total soluble solids, and in the consumption of organic acids. The shelf life of the coated fruit was extended by up to 11 days, at least 5 days more than uncoated bananas. Overall, the proposed coating could be suitable for reducing the global amount of food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Iacovino
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (S.I.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.C.); (M.C.M.)
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Martina Cofelice
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (S.I.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.C.); (M.C.M.)
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Elena Sorrentino
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (S.I.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Francesca Cuomo
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (S.I.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.C.); (M.C.M.)
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Messia
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (S.I.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Francesco Lopez
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (S.I.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.C.); (M.C.M.)
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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5
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Feng X, Li S, Sun Z, Yuan H, Li R, Yu N, Zhang Y, Chen X. The Preservation Effect of Chitosan-hawthorn Leaf Extract Coating on Strawberries. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100244. [PMID: 38378071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Strawberries rapidly deteriorate postharvest, necessitating effective measures to extend their shelf life. This study focused on developing an eco-friendly chitosan-based protective film for strawberry preservation. Strawberries were treated with a coating solution containing varying concentrations of hawthorn leaf extract (HLE) (0.4%, 0.7%, and 1.0%), 1.5% chitosan (CH), and 1% acetic acid. The results demonstrated that coating strawberry fruit with 1% CH-HLE notably delayed fruit spoilage. In-depth analysis revealed that, compared with the uncoated strawberry fruits, the 1% CH-HLE coating effectively reduced weight loss, the respiration intensity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and superoxide anion (O2·-) production. Additionally, the coated strawberries exhibited improved firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C (Vc) content, titratable acidity (TA), and total phenolic compound (TPC) content. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the CH-HLE-coated strawberries were greater than those in their uncoated counterparts. The application of a 1% CH-HLE coating successfully delayed spoilage and extend the shelf life of the strawberries by approximately 4-5 days. These findings suggest that CH-HLE has significant potential as a resource for protecting fruits and vegetables, offering an environmentally sustainable solution for postharvest preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Feng
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China; School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 430023 Wuhan, China
| | - Zifan Sun
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China
| | - Heng Yuan
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China
| | - Ru Li
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China
| | - Nannan Yu
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- School of Food and Bio-engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, 221018 Xuzhou, China.
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6
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Botalo A, Inprasit T, Ummartyotin S, Chainok K, Vatthanakul S, Pisitsak P. Smart and UV-Resistant Edible Coating and Films Based on Alginate, Whey Protein, and Curcumin. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:447. [PMID: 38399825 PMCID: PMC10891642 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, smart edible coating and films with excellent UV barrier properties were prepared from alginate, whey protein isolate, and curcumin. The primary focus of this investigation centered on assessing the impact of whey protein and curcumin on the physical and functional properties of the alginate films. Whey protein reduced the film transparency while simultaneously enhancing the hydrophobicity and antioxidant properties of the alginate film. Curcumin imparted a yellow hue to the film, consequently decreasing the transparency of the film. It also substantially improved hydrophobicity, antioxidant activity, and UV-blocking efficiency within the films. Remarkably, curcumin demonstrated a significant reduction in the water vapor transmission rate of the film. For the preservation of apples, a higher concentration of curcumin was required, which effectively suppressed the respiration rate and moisture loss post-harvest, resulting in an extended shelf-life for the apples. As a result, the coated apples exhibited significantly reduced enzymatic browning and weight loss in comparison to their uncoated counterparts. Furthermore, these curcumin-containing films underwent a reversible color change from orange to red when exposed to ammonia vapor. This attribute highlights the potential of the developed coating and film as a smart, active food packaging solution, particularly for light-sensitive food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atcharaporn Botalo
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand; (A.B.); (T.I.); (S.U.); (K.C.)
| | - Thitirat Inprasit
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand; (A.B.); (T.I.); (S.U.); (K.C.)
| | - Sarute Ummartyotin
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand; (A.B.); (T.I.); (S.U.); (K.C.)
| | - Kittipong Chainok
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand; (A.B.); (T.I.); (S.U.); (K.C.)
| | - Suteera Vatthanakul
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Penwisa Pisitsak
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand; (A.B.); (T.I.); (S.U.); (K.C.)
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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7
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Matloob A, Ayub H, Mohsin M, Ambreen S, Khan FA, Oranab S, Rahim MA, Khalid W, Nayik GA, Ramniwas S, Ercisli S. A Review on Edible Coatings and Films: Advances, Composition, Production Methods, and Safety Concerns. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28932-28944. [PMID: 37599927 PMCID: PMC10433350 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Food is a crucial source for the endurance of individuals, and quality concerns of consumers are being raised with the progression of time. Edible coatings and films (ECFs) are increasingly important in biobased packaging because they have a prime role in enhancing the organoleptic characteristics of the food products and minimizing the spread of microorganisms. These sustainable ingredients are crucial for a safer and healthier environment. These are created from proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, plasticizers, emulsifiers, and active substances. These are eco-friendly since made from innocuous material. Nanocomposite films are also beginning to be developed and support networks of biological polymers. Antioxidant, flavoring, and coloring compounds can be employed to improve the quality, wellbeing, and stability of packaged foods. Gelatin-enhanced fruit and vegetable-based ECFs compositions have the potential to produce biodegradable films. Root plants like cassava, potato, and sweet potato have been employed to create edible films and coatings. Achira flour, amylum, yam, ulluco, and water chestnut have all been considered as novel film-forming ingredients. The physical properties of biopolymers are influenced by the characteristics, biochemical confirmation, compatibility, relative humidity, temperature, water resistance, and application procedures of the components. ECFs must adhere to all regulations governing food safety and be generally recognized as safe (GRAS). This review covers the new advancements in ECFs regarding the commitment of novel components to the improvement of their properties. It is expected that ECFs can be further investigated to provide innovative components and strategies that are helpful for global financial issues and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Matloob
- National
Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hudda Ayub
- National
Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- National
Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Ambreen
- University
Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Faima Atta Khan
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Oranab
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rahim
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Life Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- University
Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Department
of Food Science & Technology, Government
Degree College Shopian Gagran 192303, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University
Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh
University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab India
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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8
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Huang W, Hua MZ, Li S, Chen K, Lu X, Wu D. Application of atomic force microscopy in the characterization of fruits and vegetables and associated substances toward improvement in quality, preservation, and processing: nanoscale structure and mechanics perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-29. [PMID: 37585698 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2242944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are essential horticultural crops for humans. The quality of fruits and vegetables is critical in determining their nutritional value and edibility, which are decisive to their commercial value. Besides, it is also important to understand the changes in key substances involved in the preservation and processing of fruits and vegetables. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), a powerful technique for investigating biological surfaces, has been widely used to characterize the quality of fruits and vegetables and the substances involved in their preservation and processing from the perspective of nanoscale structure and mechanics. This review summarizes the applications of AFM to investigate the texture, appearance, and nutrients of fruits and vegetables based on structural imaging and force measurements. Additionally, the review highlights the application of AFM in characterizing the morphological and mechanical properties of nanomaterials involved in preserving and processing fruits and vegetables, including films and coatings for preservation, bioactive compounds for processing purposes, nanofiltration membrane for concentration, and nanoencapsulation for delivery of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, the strengths and weaknesses of AFM for characterizing the quality of fruits and vegetables and the substances involved in their preservation and processing are examined, followed by a discussion on the prospects of AFM in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Growth and Development), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Marti Z Hua
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shenmiao Li
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Growth and Development), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Di Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Growth and Development), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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9
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Magri A, Rega P, Capriolo G, Petriccione M. Impact of Novel Active Layer-by-Layer Edible Coating on the Qualitative and Biochemical Traits of Minimally Processed 'Annurca Rossa del Sud' Apple Fruit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098315. [PMID: 37176023 PMCID: PMC10179199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The color changes brought on by the enzymatic interactions of phenolic compounds with released endogenous polyphenol oxidase and the penetration of oxygen into the tissue has a significant impact on the commercialization of fresh-cut fruit, such as apples. This process causes a loss of quality in fresh-cut apples, resulting in browning of the fruit surface. By acting as a semipermeable barrier to gases and water vapor and thus lowering respiration, enzymatic browning, and water loss, edible coatings can provide a chance to increase the shelf life of fresh-cut produce. In this study, the effect of edible coatings composed of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, 1%), sodium alginate (SA, 1%), citric acid (CA, 1%), and oxalic acid (OA, 0.5%) on fresh-cut 'Annurca Rossa del Sud' apple was studied. Four formulations of edible coatings, A. SA+CMC, B. SA+CMC+CA, C. SA+CMC+OA, and D. SA+CMC+CA+OA, were tested. Fresh-cut apples were dipped into different solutions and then stored at 4 °C, and physicochemical and biochemical analyses were performed at 0, 4, 8, and 12 days of storage. Results demonstrated that all four combinations improved the shelf-life of fresh-cut apple by slowing down the qualitative postharvest decay, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity. The browning index was highest in the control samples (82%), followed by CMC+SA (53%), CMC+SA+CA (32%), CMC+SA+OA (22%), and finally CMC+SA+CA+OA (7%) after 12 days of cold storage. Furthermore, coating application increased the bioactive compound content and antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, the synergistic activity of SA+CMC+CA+OA reduces enzymatic browning, prolonging the postharvest life of minimally processed 'Annurca Rossa del Sud' apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Magri
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Pietro Rega
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Capriolo
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Milena Petriccione
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruits and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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10
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Popescu PA, Palade LM, Nicolae IC, Popa EE, Miteluț AC, Drăghici MC, Matei F, Popa ME. Chitosan-Based Edible Coatings Containing Essential Oils to Preserve the Shelf Life and Postharvest Quality Parameters of Organic Strawberries and Apples during Cold Storage. Foods 2022; 11:3317. [PMID: 36359930 PMCID: PMC9657762 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible coatings and films have been researched for more than three decades due to their ability to be incorporated with different functional ingredients or compounds as an option to maintain the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three types of chitosan-based (CH) edible coatings obtained from medium and high molecular weight chitosan, containing ascorbic or acetic acid and sea buckthorn or grape seed essential oils on the physical-chemical and microbiological properties of organic strawberries and apple slices during cold storage at 4 °C and 8 °C. Scanning electron microscope images showed both a smooth structure and a fracture and pore structure on strawberry coatings and a dense and smooth structure on the apple slices coatings. Further, the edible coatings managed to reduce the microbial load of yeasts and molds of the coated strawberries during the storage period. Overall, the treatments preserved the ascorbic acid, total polyphenol content, and antioxidant activity for all the tested samples compared to the control sample, throughout the storage period. In addition, the water activity (aw) of the coated samples presented lower values (0.96-0.98) than the control samples. The obtained results indicate that the developed chitosan-based edible coatings could maintain the postharvest parameters of the tested samples, also leading to their shelf-life prolongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul-Alexandru Popescu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Mihai Palade
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources-IBA Bucharest, 6 Dinu Vintilă Street, District 2, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana-Cătălina Nicolae
- Research Center for Studies of Food Quality and Agricultural Products, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elisabeta Elena Popa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Amalia Carmen Miteluț
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Cristina Drăghici
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Matei
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mona Elena Popa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Structural characterization and physical ageing of mucilage from chia for food processing applications. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Essential oils as natural antimicrobials for application in edible coatings for minimally processed apple and melon: A review on antimicrobial activity and characteristics of food models. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Elawady HE, Sallam YI, Abd El‐Salam EAE. Optimization of a new coating agar gel formulation using D‐optimal mixture design and study its effects on fresh‐cut apple slices along with cold storage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Yüksel Ç, Atalay D, Erge HS. The effects of chitosan coating and vacuum packaging on quality of fresh‐cut pumpkin slices during storage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Yüksel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters Manisa Celal Bayar University Manisa Turkey
| | - Derya Atalay
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Bolu Turkey
| | - Hande Selen Erge
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Bolu Turkey
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15
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Meike R, Dean DL, Baird T. Understanding Apple Attribute Preferences of US Consumers. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020166. [PMID: 35053898 PMCID: PMC8774330 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple preferences of US consumers are widely explored. However, the key factors that drive the importance that US consumers place on apple attributes are rather unexplored. To fill this literature gap, an online survey with 383 US apple buyers was conducted. A two-step analysis consisting of descriptive statistics and partial least squares structural equation modelling indicates that subjective knowledge was the most important factor, determining both the discernment of buyers and attitudes towards US fruit growers. Objective knowledge and sociodemographic factors, other than education, were not found to have any impact. The discernment of a buyer and their ability to distinguish apple varieties had the greatest impact on the importance that US consumers placed on physical and commercial product attributes. It was also found that attitudes towards growers impacted on the importance which consumers place on both types of attributes. Given that consumer attitudes were shown to be a strong driver of their buying preferences, growers and grower associations should also consider highlighting the positive health and societal benefits that their products provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rombach Meike
- Department of Land Management and Systems, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
- Correspondence:
| | - David L. Dean
- Department of Agribusiness and Markets, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand; (D.L.D.); (T.B.)
| | - Tim Baird
- Department of Agribusiness and Markets, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand; (D.L.D.); (T.B.)
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16
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Naqash F, Masoodi F, Ayob O, Parvez S. Effect of active pectin edible coatings on the safety and quality of fresh‐cut apple. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naqash
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar J&K 190006 India
| | - F.A. Masoodi
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar J&K 190006 India
| | - Omeera Ayob
- Department of Food Technology School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Sadaf Parvez
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar J&K 190006 India
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17
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Słupska M, Syguła E, Komarnicki P, Szulczewski W, Stopa R. Simple Method for Apples' Bruise Area Prediction. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010139. [PMID: 35009289 PMCID: PMC8745963 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
From the producers’ point of view, there is no universal and quick method to predict bruise area when dropping an apple from a certain height onto a certain type of substrate. In this study the authors presented a very simple method to estimate bruise volume based on drop height and substrate material. Three varieties of apples were selected for the study: Idared, Golden Delicious, and Jonagold. Their weight, turgor, moisture, and sugar content were measured to determine morphological differences. In the next step, fruit bruise volumes were determined after a free fall test from a height of 10 to 150 mm in 10 mm increments. Based on the results of the research, linear regression models were performed to predict bruise volume on the basis of the drop height and type of substrate on which the fruit was dropped. Wood and concrete represented the stiffest substrates and it was expected that wood would respond more subtly during the free fall test. Meanwhile, wood appeared to react almost identically to concrete. Corrugated cardboard minimized bruising at the lowest discharge heights, but as the drop height increased, the cardboard degraded and the apple bruising level reached the results as for wood and concrete. Contrary to cardboard, the foam protected apples from bruising up to a drop height of 50 mm and absorbed kinetic energy up to the highest drop heights. Idared proved to be the most resistant to damage, while Golden Delicious was medium and Jonagold was least resistant to damage. Numerical models are a practical tool to quickly estimate bruise volume with an accuracy of about 75% for collective models (including all cultivars dropped on each of the given substrate) and 93% for separate models (including single cultivar dropped on each of the given substrate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Słupska
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.K.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Syguła
- Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Komarnicki
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Wiesław Szulczewski
- Department of Mathematics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Grunwaldzka 53, 50-357 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Roman Stopa
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.K.); (R.S.)
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18
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Jancikova S, Dordevic D, Tesikova K, Antonic B, Tremlova B. Active Edible Films Fortified with Natural Extracts: Case Study with Fresh-Cut Apple Pieces. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090684. [PMID: 34564501 PMCID: PMC8467745 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to prepare the edible films based on carrageenan/chitosan and incorporate them into the following matrices: the natural extracts of Clitoria ternatea, Brassica oleracea, and Ipomea batatas. The films were characterized by TPC (total polyphenols content), antioxidant activity, and textural properties. Experimentally produced films were added in the packaging of freshly cut apple pieces, and the apple pieces were dipped into the films produced from carrageenan and chitosan. The appearance of the samples was monitored, as were antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content. The intelligent properties of films were evaluated too. The polymer type used for the preparation had the highest impact on the prepared films, and CHLCZ (red cabbage extract-Brassica oleracea) featured the best antioxidant activity. The intelligent properties were slightly confirmed in samples with the addition of red cabbage. The main finding was that the coating of fresh-cut apples emphasized the possibility to use a carrageenan matrix with the addition of extracts. The samples immersed in this coating type showed higher antioxidant activity as well as a superior color when compared to that of chitosan coated apple samples.
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19
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Cofelice M, Cinelli G, Lopez F, Di Renzo T, Coppola R, Reale A. Alginate-Assisted Lemongrass ( Cymbopogon nardus) Essential Oil Dispersions for Antifungal Activity. Foods 2021; 10:1528. [PMID: 34359398 PMCID: PMC8303315 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural compounds as food preservatives is becoming increasingly popular as it is perceived positively by consumers. Among these substances, essential oils have attracted great interest owing to their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. However, several challenges impair the use of essential oils in food products, such as their degradation or loss during food processing and storage, the strong aroma, even at low concentrations, which may negatively affect the sensory characteristics of food. In this context, the development of nanoformulations able to stabilize essential oils may represent a smart solution to this issue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of alginate-based nanoformulations enriched with lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil (LEO) and Tween 80 against several fungi namely Penicillium expansus, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus spp. Firstly, the flow behavior of systems at different concentrations of alginate (1%, 2% and 3% w/w) were studied. Then, emulsion-based nanoformulations at different concentrations of lemongrass essential oil in the range of 0-2% w/w were stabilized by a fixed amount of Tween 80, characterized and tested for their antifungal activity. Our results showed that the best nanoformulation able to inhibit Rhizopus spp., Penicillium expansum and Aspergillus niger, for at least 10 days, was constituted by 1% alginate/1.5% LEO/1% Tween 80. Hence, the incorporation of essential oil into nanoformulation systems may represent a valid alternative to overcome the disadvantages that limit the commercial application of essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cofelice
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Cinelli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Francesco Lopez
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Tiziana Di Renzo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Coppola
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Anna Reale
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
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20
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The Influence of Internal Packaging (Liners) on Moisture Dynamics and Physical and Physiological Quality of Pomegranate Fruit during Cold Storage. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061388. [PMID: 34208467 PMCID: PMC8235431 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight loss and decay are common physiological disorders during postharvest handling and storage of pomegranates. The study focused on relating the ability of plastic liners as internal packaging to modify both gaseous and moisture atmosphere around the fruit to moisture dynamics and physical and physiological quality of pomegranate fruit (cv. Wonderful) during storage. Fruit were packed with no-liner, non-perforated ‘Decco’, non-perforated ‘Zoe’, micro-perforated Xtend®, 2 mm macro-perforated high density polyethylene (HDPE), and 4 mm macro-perforated HDPE plastic liners. After 84 days of storage at 5 °C and 90–95% relative humidity (RH), fruit packed with no-liner lost 15.6 ± 0.3% of initial weight. Non-perforated (Decco and Zoe) liners minimised losses to 0.79 and 0.82% compared to Xtend® micro-perforated (4.17%) and 2 mm HDPE (2.44%) and 4 mm macro-perforated HDPE (4.17%) liners, respectively. Clearly, micro- and macro-perforation of liners minimised moisture condensation, fruit decay, and shrivel severity. Micro-perforated Xtend® and macro-perforated 4 mm HDPE were the best treatments in minimising postharvest losses that are often associated with inadequate environment control inside packaging compared to the use of non-perforated liners.
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21
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Rashid MH, Khan MR, Roobab U, Rajoka MSR, Inam‐ur‐Raheem M, Anwar R, Ahmed W, Jahan M, Ijaz MRA, Asghar MM, Shabbir MA, Aadil RM. Enhancing the shelf stability of fresh‐cut potatoes via chemical and nonthermal treatments. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamdan Rashid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | | | - Muhammad Inam‐ur‐Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Raheel Anwar
- Institute of Horticulture University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Musarrat Jahan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Malik Muhammad Asghar
- Postharvest Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
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22
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Sacco P, Lipari S, Cok M, Colella M, Marsich E, Lopez F, Donati I. Insights into Mechanical Behavior and Biological Properties of Chia Seed Mucilage Hydrogels. Gels 2021; 7:47. [PMID: 33923998 PMCID: PMC8167777 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution we report insights on the rheological properties of chia (Salvia hispanica) seed mucilage hydrogels. Creep experiments performed in steady state conditions allowed calculation of Newtonian viscosities for chia hydrogels with different polymer concentration, pointing at inter-chain interactions as the main responsible for the different behavior toward network slipping under constant stress. A combination of oscillatory frequency and stress sweep tests highlighted a moderate effect of temperature in influencing hydrogel mechanics. The latter results prompted us to investigate potential biological functions for this set of biomaterials. Lactate Dehydrogenase assay proved the lack of cytotoxicity of chia suspensions toward Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from adipose tissue used here as a cell model. Differentiation experiments were finally undertaken to verify the influence of chia samples on osteo-induction triggered by chemical differentiation factors. Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme activity assay and Alizarin red staining demonstrated that chia mucilage did not alter in vitro stem cell differentiation. Collectively, this set of experiments revealed an almost inert role associated with chia suspensions, indicating a possible application of chia-based networks as scaffold models to study osteogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Sacco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.L.); (M.C.); (I.D.)
| | - Sara Lipari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.L.); (M.C.); (I.D.)
| | - Michela Cok
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.L.); (M.C.); (I.D.)
| | - Matilde Colella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Francesco Lopez
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Ivan Donati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.L.); (M.C.); (I.D.)
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23
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Optimization of Gum Arabic and Starch-Based Edible Coatings with Lemongrass Oil Using Response Surface Methodology for Improving Postharvest Quality of Whole “Wonderful” Pomegranate Fruit. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of edible coatings based on gum arabic (GA) (0.5–1.5%), maize starch (MS) (0.5–1.5%), lemongrass oil (LO) (2–4%), and glycerol (GC) (0.5–1%) developed using response surface methodology (RSM) on “Wonderful” pomegranate fruit were studied. After 42 days of storage (5 ± 1 °C, 95 ± 2% RH) and 5 days at ambient temperature (20 ± 0.2 °C and 60 ± 10% RH), whole fruit were evaluated for weight loss (%) and pomegranate juice (PJ) for total soluble solids (°Brix), titratable acidity (% Citric acid), and antioxidant capacity. The optimization procedure was done using RSM and the response variables were mainly influenced by the concentrations of MS and GA. The optimized coating consisted of GA (0.5%), MS (0.5%), LO (3%), and GC (1.5%) with desirability of 0.614 (0—minimum and 1—maximum). The predicted values of response variables, for the coating were weight loss (%) = 5.51, TSS (°Brix) = 16.45, TA (% Citric acid) = 1.50, and antioxidant capacity (RSA = 58.13 mM AAE/mL PJ and FRAP = 40.03 mM TE/mL PJ). Therefore, the optimized coating formulation is a potential postharvest treatment for “Wonderful” pomegranate to inhibit weight loss and maintain overall quality during storage and shelf-life.
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24
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Giannakourou MC, Tsironi TN. Application of Processing and Packaging Hurdles for Fresh-Cut Fruits and Vegetables Preservation. Foods 2021; 10:830. [PMID: 33920447 PMCID: PMC8068883 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, consumers' demand for fresh, nutritious, and convenient food has shown a significant rise. This trend has forced increased sales of minimally processed and/or pre-packed fruit- and vegetable-based products. New product development and the diversification of plant-based foods have supported this growth. The food production sector should balance this requirement with the necessity to provide safe food with extended shelf life while meeting consumer demands for novel, nutritious, and affordable food products. The use of alternative "soft hurdles" may result in a decrease in the rate of food deterioration and spoilage attributed to microbial activity or other physiological/chemical degradation reactions. The objective of the article is to provide a systematic review of the preservative effect of the available hurdles implemented during processing and packaging of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, focusing on recent applications aiming at improving product quality and prolonging their limited shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Giannakourou
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Analysis & Design of Food Processes, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Sciences, University of West Attica, Agiou Spyridonos, 12243 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theofania N. Tsironi
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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25
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Extending Shelf-Life and Quality of Minimally Processed Golden Delicious Apples with Three Bioactive Coatings Combined with Cinnamon Essential Oil. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030597. [PMID: 33809024 PMCID: PMC7998788 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of coatings with essential oils for food preservation is an alternative way to keep minimally processed apple slices fresh, nutritious, safe, sensory palatable, and accessible for consumers. In the present study, the effect of three bioactive coatings on quality variables of minimally processed Golden Delicious apple slices for 25-days at 4 °C was evaluated. The coatings were CT1-chitosan-based, CT2-guar gum-based, and CT3-composite guar gum-starch-based; all three coatings contained cinnamon essential oil and were compared with UCT0-uncoated apple slices. The quality variables evaluated were weight-loss, firmness, browning index, total phenolic content, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, respiration rate, microbial analysis, and sensory evaluation. All coatings improved the preservation and sensorial quality variables of Golden Delicious apples; however, although the CT1-chitosan-based coating was capable of extending the shelf-life of minimally processed apple, it demonstrated less sensorially favorable scores for flavor, odor, and overall acceptance attributes.
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26
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Nicolau-Lapeña I, Aguiló-Aguayo I, Kramer B, Abadias M, Viñas I, Muranyi P. Combination of ferulic acid with Aloe vera gel or alginate coatings for shelf-life prolongation of fresh-cut apples. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2020.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hasan MU, Riaz R, Malik AU, Khan AS, Anwar R, Rehman RNU, Ali S. Potential of Aloe vera gel coating for storage life extension and quality conservation of fruits and vegetables: An overview. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13640. [PMID: 33533511 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aloe vera (ALV) with its unique nutritional profile is being used for food, health, and nutraceutical industries globally. Due to its organic nature, ALV gel coating has created lot of interest for exploring its potential in extending the shelf and storage life of fresh produce. ALV gel coating plays imperative role in delaying fruit ripening by lowering ethylene biosynthesis, respiration rate, and internal metabolic activities associated with fruit softening, color development, enzymatic browning, and decay. ALV gel coating reduces the microbial spoilage due to its antifungal properties and maintains visual appearance, firmness, sugar: acid ratio, total antioxidants, and phenolic contents with conserved eating quality. ALV coated fruits and vegetables showed reduced weight loss, superoxide ion ( O 2 - ∙ ), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), ion leakage, and soluble solids content and exhibited higher acidity, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. It also delayed the enzymatic browning by inducing peroxidase (POD) activity during storage. Recent local studies also revealed that ALV gel coating markedly conserved higher consuming quality and extended storage period (>1.34-fold) of different fruits and vegetables. Overall, Aloe vera gel coating alone or in combination with other organic compounds has shown great potential as a food-safe and eco-friendly coating for maintaining the quality of fruits and vegetables over extended period and reducing postharvest losses in the supply chain. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: ALV gel is a plant-based natural coating of eco-friendly nature. The present review summarizes the updated information of ALV gel coating application, methods of extraction, combinations with other postharvest coatings, and its impact on quality of various fruits and vegetables. It also provides future insights for the development of commercially applicable ALV gel coating protocols through simulation studies. So, being a natural coating, ALV gel has tremendous potential to be used in fruit and vegetable industries around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Ul Hasan
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Riaz
- CAB International (Central and West Asia), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah Malik
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Sattar Khan
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Anwar
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Naveed Ur Rehman
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Yousuf B, Wu S, Siddiqui MW. Incorporating essential oils or compounds derived thereof into edible coatings: Effect on quality and shelf life of fresh/fresh-cut produce. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Synthesis, Characterization of Ag-SiO2 Nanocomposite and Its Application in Food Packaging. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01853-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cuomo F, Iacovino S, Cinelli G, Messia MC, Marconi E, Lopez F. Effect of additives on chia mucilage suspensions: A rheological approach. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Preparation and Incorporation of Functional Ingredients in Edible Films and Coatings. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Optimisation of Physical and Chemical Treatments to Control Browning Development and Enzymatic Activity on Fresh-cut Apple Slices. Foods 2020; 9:foods9010076. [PMID: 31936660 PMCID: PMC7022590 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimisation of processing time and pre-treatments are crucial factors prior to apple drying to produce a high-quality product. The purpose of the present study was to test the utility of physical (hot-water, HWB and steam blanching, SB) and chemical (1% ascorbic acid, AA; and 1% citric acid, CA) treatments, alone or in combination in reducing surface discolouration as well as oxidative enzyme activity in apple slices (cv. Golden Delicious and Elstar) exposed to air at room temperature for 0, 30 and 60 min. The total colour change (ΔE) for Golden Delicious was equal to 2.38, 2.68, and 4.05 after 0, 30 and 60 min of air exposure, respectively. Dipping in AA solution (1% w/v) was found to be the best treatment to limit surface discolouration of both apple cultivars. The best heat treatments to inhibit polyphenol oxidase/peroxidase enzymes activity were 70 °C HWB for Golden Delicious and 60 °C HWB for Elstar slices, both in combination with a solution of 1% AA and 1% CA. The tested apple cultivars were found to require different treatments at minimum ambient air exposure to obtain the best surface colour condition.
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Munteanu SB, Vasile C. Vegetable Additives in Food Packaging Polymeric Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:E28. [PMID: 31877858 PMCID: PMC7023556 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are the most abundant bioresources, providing valuable materials that can be used as additives in polymeric materials, such as lignocellulosic fibers, nano-cellulose, or lignin, as well as plant extracts containing bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds used in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries. The incorporation of additives into polymeric materials improves their properties to make them suitable for multiple applications. Efforts are made to incorporate into the raw polymers various natural biobased and biodegradable additives with a low environmental fingerprint, such as by-products, biomass, plant extracts, etc. In this review we will illustrate in the first part recent examples of lignocellulosic materials, lignin, and nano-cellulose as reinforcements or fillers in various polymer matrices and in the second part various applications of plant extracts as active ingredients in food packaging materials based on polysaccharide matrices (chitosan/starch/alginate).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cornelia Vasile
- “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
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Alginate Films Encapsulating Lemongrass Essential Oil as Affected by Spray Calcium Application. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids3030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The necessity of producing innovative packaging systems has directed the attention of food industries towards the use of biodegradable polymers for developing new films able to protect foods and to extend their shelf-life, with lower environmental impact. In particular, edible films combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic ingredients could retard moisture loss, gas migration and ensure food integrity, reducing the necessity of using synthetic plastics. Alginate-based films obtained from emulsions of lemongrass essential oil (at 0.1% and 0.5%) in aqueous alginate solutions (1%), with Tween 80 as surfactant (0.3%), were obtained by casting and characterized as to microstructure and thermal behavior, as well as tensile, barrier and optical properties. Films were also crosslinked through spraying calcium chloride onto the film surface and the influence of oil emulsification and the crosslinking effect on the final film properties were evaluated. The film microstructure, analyzed through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) revealed discontinuities in films containing essential oil associated with droplet flocculation and coalescence during drying, while calcium diffusion into the matrix was enhanced. The presence of essential oil reduced the film stiffness whereas calcium addition lowered the film’s water solubility, increasing tensile strength and reducing the extensibility coherent with its crosslinking effect.
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Rastegar S, Hassanzadeh Khankahdani H, Rahimzadeh M. Effectiveness of alginate coating on antioxidant enzymes and biochemical changes during storage of mango fruit. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12990. [PMID: 31389029 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The climacteric nature of mango makes it ripen quickly and increases its postharvest losses. The objective of the present search was to evaluate the efficacy of 1%-3% sodium alginate edible coating for maintaining the postharvest nutritional quality and increasing the marketability of the mango fruit during storage at 15 ± 1°C and 85 ± 1% relative humidity. Results revealed that the quality characteristics including acidity and ascorbic acid content were not affected by the alginate treatments. In contrast, treatment with 3% alginate significantly reduced weight loss and maintained higher firmness (2-fold), total phenols (1.3-fold), and flavonoids content (1.7-fold), as compared with the control. Higher antioxidant capacity was observed in the 3% alginate treatments than the control. Polyphenolxoidase activity in the coated mango remained below 30 U/g FW, while it was increased continuously in the uncoated samples during the storage. Fruits coated with alginate exhibited a higher antioxidant enzyme activity during storage. Sodium alginate had no significant effects on the external color parameters except the a* value. Generally, it was concluded that the mango storage life and its valuable nutritional characteristics were increased by applying the alginate edible coating. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Recently, the edible coatings by natural sources have been widely demanded by consumers due to its nontoxic and biodegradable characteristics. Mango fruits as a climacteric high-nutritional tropical fruit being climatic have a limited shelf life and the maintenance of its quality is still a major challenge for the consumers. The results of this study showed that using sodium alginate coating at 3% concentration had a significant effect on preventing water loss, color changes and preserving antioxidant properties, phenol and flavonoids compounds of mango fruit during storage. Therefore, alginate coating as a biodegradable compound can be used to maintain the quality during the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Rastegar
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani
- Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Hormozgan, AREEO, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rahimzadeh
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Islamic Republic of Iran
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