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Scuto M, Rampulla F, Reali GM, Spanò SM, Trovato Salinaro A, Calabrese V. Hormetic Nutrition and Redox Regulation in Gut-Brain Axis Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:484. [PMID: 38671931 PMCID: PMC11047582 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hormetic nutrition for enhancing stress resilience and overall human health have received much attention. Recently, the gut-brain axis has attracted prominent interest for preventing and therapeutically impacting neuropathologies and gastrointestinal diseases. Polyphenols and polyphenol-combined nanoparticles in synergy with probiotics have shown to improve gut bioavailability and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, thus inhibiting the oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and inflammation linked to gut dysbiosis and ultimately the onset and progression of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In accordance with hormesis, polyphenols display biphasic dose-response effects by activating at a low dose the Nrf2 pathway resulting in the upregulation of antioxidant vitagenes, as in the case of heme oxygenase-1 upregulated by hidrox® or curcumin and sirtuin-1 activated by resveratrol to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, microbiota dysfunction and neurotoxic damage. Importantly, modulation of the composition and function of the gut microbiota through polyphenols and/or probiotics enhances the abundance of beneficial bacteria and can prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders. Interestingly, dysregulation of the Nrf2 pathway in the gut and the brain can exacerbate selective susceptibility under neuroinflammatory conditions to CNS disorders due to the high vulnerability of vagal sensory neurons to oxidative stress. Herein, we aimed to discuss hormetic nutrients, including polyphenols and/or probiotics, targeting the Nrf2 pathway and vitagenes for the development of promising neuroprotective and therapeutic strategies to suppress oxidative stress, inflammation and microbiota deregulation, and consequently improve cognitive performance and brain health. In this review, we also explore interactions of the gut-brain axis based on sophisticated and cutting-edge technologies for novel anti-neuroinflammatory approaches and personalized nutritional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.R.); (S.M.S.); (V.C.)
| | | | | | | | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.R.); (S.M.S.); (V.C.)
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Chen J, Tian R, Li D, Sun X, Li H, Zhang Y. Ratiometric fluorescence detection of Hg 2+ based on gold nanocluster/carbon quantum dots nanohybrids. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:884-891. [PMID: 38240525 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ratiometric fluorescence sensing methods are widely used in analysis and detection due to their high sensitivity and stability. In this work, a ratiometric fluorescence method for sensitive detection of Hg2+ was established using a gold nanoclusters/carbon quantum dots (AuNCs/CQDs) nanohybrid probe. The AuNCs/CQDs nanohybrids probe were simply constructed by mixing blue-light-emitting gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with an orange-emissive carbon quantum dots (CQDs). The probe had two fluorescence emission peaks at 434 nm and 561 nm when the excitation wavelength was 375 nm. With the addition of Hg2+, the fluorescence at 434 nm decreased and the fluorescence at 561 nm remained unchanged; the fluorescence intensity ratio Δ(F434/F561) and Hg2+ concentration have a good linear relationship in the range of 8.32 × 10-7 to 7.69 × 10-5 mol L-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 3.58 × 10-7 mol L-1. The method was applied in the detection of Hg2+ in cosmetics and wastewater, and has potential applications for detecting Hg2+ in other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, PR China.
| | - Rui Tian
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, PR China.
| | - Duo Li
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, PR China.
| | - Xuehua Sun
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, PR China.
| | - Haoyu Li
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, PR China.
| | - Yuecheng Zhang
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, PR China.
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Mittal A, Singh A, Zhang B, Zhao Q, Benjakul S. Inhibition Mechanism of Chitooligosaccharide-Polyphenol Conjugates toward Polyphenoloxidase from Shrimp Cephalothorax. Molecules 2023; 28:5560. [PMID: 37513432 PMCID: PMC10385636 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Crustaceans are perishable with a short shelf-life. They are prone to deterioration after capture, particularly during handling, processing, and storage due to melanosis caused by polyphenoloxidase (PPO). Therefore, inhibitory effects of chitooligosaccharide (CHOS) in comparison with CHOS-catechin (CHOS-CAT), CHOS-epigallocatechin gallate (CHOS-EGCG), and CHOS-gallic acid (CHOS-GAL) conjugates on Pacific white shrimp cephalothorax PPO were studied. IC50 of CHOS-CAT (0.32 mg/mL) toward PPO was less than those of all conjugates tested (p < 0.05). CHOS-CAT exhibited the mixed-type inhibition. Kic (0.58 mg/mL) and Kiu (0.02 mg/mL) of CHOS-CAT were lower than those of other conjugates (p < 0.05). CHOS-CAT showed static fluorescence-quenching, suggesting a change in micro-environment around the active site of PPO. Moreover, CHOS-CAT was linked with various amino acid residues, including Tyr208 or Tyr209 of proPPO via van der Waals, hydrophobic interaction, and hydrogen bonding as elucidated by the molecular docking of proPPO. Although CHOS-CAT had the highest PPO inhibitory activity, it showed a lower binding energy (-8.5 kcal/mol) than other samples, except for CHOS-EGCG (-10.2 kcal/mol). Therefore, CHOS-CAT could act as an anti-melanosis agent in shrimp and other crustaceans to prevent undesirable discoloration associated with quality losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Mittal
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Avtar Singh
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Van La T, Sung BH, Kim S. Biocatalytic characterization of Hericium erinaceus laccase isoenzymes for the oxidation of lignin derivative substrates. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124658. [PMID: 37119916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Mushroom laccases are biocatalysts that oxidize various substrates. To identify a novel enzyme involved in lignin valorization, we isolated and characterized laccase isoenzymes from the mushroom Hericium erinaceus. The laccase cDNAs (Lac1a and Lac1b) cloned from the mushroom mycelia consisted of 1536 bp and each encoded a protein with 511 amino acids, containing a 21-amino-acid signal peptide. Comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed high homology between the deduced amino acid sequences of Lac1a and Lac1b and those from basidiomycetous fungi. In the Pichia pastoris expression system, high extracellular production of Lac1a, a glycoprotein, was achieved, whereas Lac1b was not expressed as a secreted protein because of hyper-glycosylation. Biochemical characterization of the purified recombinant Lac1a (rLac1a) protein revealed its oxidizing efficacy toward 14 aromatic substrates. The highly substrate-specific rLac1a showed catalytic efficiencies of 877 s-1 mM-1, 829 s-1 mM-1, 520 s-1 mM-1, and 467 s-1 mM-1 toward 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), hydroquinone, guaiacol, and 2,6-dimethylphenol, respectively. Moreover, rLac1a showed approximately 10 % higher activity in non-ionic detergents and >50 % higher residual activity in various organic solvents. These results indicate that rLac1a is a novel oxidase biocatalyst for the bioconversion of lignin into value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuat Van La
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Huyn Sung
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Shojazadeh T, Zolghadr L, JafarKhani S, Gharaghani S, Farasat A, Piri H, Gheibi N. Biomolecular interactions and binding dynamics of inhibitor arachidonic acid, with tyrosinase enzyme. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1378-1387. [PMID: 34974821 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpigmentation is a disorder caused by increased melanin deposition and changes in skin pigmentation. Inhibition of tyrosinase activity contributes to the control of food browning and skin pigmentation diseases. The effects of arachidonic acid (AA) on tyrosinase activity were examined using different spectroscopy methods including UV-VIS spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) differential scanning calorimetry, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Based on the kinetic results, arachidonic acid showed mixed-type of inhibition with Ki = 4.7 µM. Fluorescence and CD studies showed changes of secondary and tertiary structures of enzyme and a reduction of α-helix* amino acids after its incubation with different concentrations of AA, which is also confirmed by DSSP analysis. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies showed a decrease in thermodynamic stability of enzyme from Tm = 338.65k for sole enzyme after incubation with AA in comparison with complex enzyme with Tm= 334.26k, ΔH =7.52 kJ/mol, and ΔS = 0.15 kJ/mol k. Based on the theoretical methods, it was found that the interaction between enzyme and AA follows an electrostatic manner with ΔG = -8.314 kJ/mol and ΔH = -12.9 kJ/mol. The MD results showed the lowest flexibility in the complex amino acids and minimal fluctuations in AA interaction with tyrosinase in Residue 240 to 260 and 66 to 80. Thus, AA inhibitory and structural and thermodynamic instability of tyrosinase supported advantages of this fatty acid for prevention of medical hyperpigmentation. Therefore, it is a good candidate for cosmetic applications. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Shojazadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetic, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Leila Zolghadr
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini International University Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Saeed JafarKhani
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Gharaghani
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Drug Design, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Farasat
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hossein Piri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Nematollah Gheibi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Aly AA, Mohammed MK, Maraei RW, Abdalla AE, Abouel-Yazeed AM. Improving the nutritional quality and bio-ingredients of stored white mushrooms using gamma irradiation and essential oils fumigation. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2022-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Mushrooms are highly perishable in nature and deteriorate within a few days after harvesting due to their high respiration rate and delicate epidermal structure. Consequently, the shelf-life of freshly harvested mushroom is limited to 1–3 days at ambient condition. Hence, the current investigation was carried out to study γ-irradiation effects (1.5 and 2.0 kGy) and essential oils (EOs) fumigation including geranium (60 and 80 μL/L) and lemongrass (40 and 60 μL/L) on nutritional quality (Vitamins C and D2) as well as bio-ingredients such as total soluble proteins, phenolic and flavonoids contents, antioxidant activity were determined as an origin of potential natural antioxidant plus the profile of phenols and flavonoids identified by HPLC. As well as activities of some enzymes (PPO, SOD, PAL, and APX) of Agaricus bisporus mushroom at 4 °C during storage time for twelve days. The findings showed that there was a reduction in the contents of Vit. C and vitamin D2 in all mushroom samples during storage, where the essential oil treatment especially 60 μL/L of geranium and 40 μL/L of lemongrass gave the least decrease (3.42 and 3.28 mg/100 g FW, respectively) of ascorbic acid content compared to the other treatments while the irradiated samples (1.5, and 2.0 kGy) gave the lowest decrease of vitamin D2 (106.30 and 114.40 mg/kg DW, respectively) at the end of storage time. The content of the bio-ingredients content was affected by the storage periods, and the samples treated with oil fumigation gave the best content and the same trend happened with the antioxidant activity. The enzymes activity increased by the storage period, especially after 4 days of storage, and then the activity decreased after that. Quantification of phenolic and flavonoid compounds affected by storage periods in all treatments and the EO-treated mushrooms gave the best amount of them. Thus, samples of mushrooms treated with oil fumigation especially 60 μL/L of geranium and 40 μL/L of lemongrass can successfully increase the nutritional value plus maintain the value of the mushrooms during storage time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina A. Aly
- Natural Products Department , National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Marwa K. Mohammed
- Natural Products Department , National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Rabab W. Maraei
- Natural Products Department , National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Abdalla
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) , Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Ayman M. Abouel-Yazeed
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) , Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
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7
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Rakotonirina FMV, Donno D, Razafindrakoto ZR, Tombozara N, Rafanomezantsoa RM, Andrianjara C, Ramanitrahasimbola D, Beccaro GL. Quali-Quantitative Fingerprinting of the Fruit Extract of Uapaca bojeri Bail. ( Euphorbiaceae) and Its Antioxidant, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antihyperglycemic Effects: An Example of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Madagascar. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:475. [PMID: 36771558 PMCID: PMC9921778 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidants are important supplements for the human body for their roles in human life for the maintenance of homeostasis. Tapia fruits (Uapaca bojeri) are used by the riverain population of the Tapia forests in Madagascar as complementary foods. This study aims to quantify the main antioxidants in the U. bojeri fruits to verify their contribution to the enhancement of their anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycemic effects. Standard phytochemical screening was used for qualitative analysis, while spectrophotometric (TPC, TAC, and TFC) and chromatographic analyses (HPLC) were used to quantify several phytochemicals in U. bojeri fruits. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. The writhing test was used for the analgesic effects, the carrageenan-induced paw edema was used for the anti-inflammatory activity, and OGTT was used to test the anti-hyperglycemia property of the MEUB in mice. Several phytocompounds were detected and quantified in the fruits, including succinic acid (67.73%) as the main quantified compound. Fruits exerted a good antioxidant capacity and showed analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperglycemic activities in mice. Isolation of the bioactive compounds should be carried out to confirm these pharmacological properties and develop health-promoting food products or medicinal applications derived from this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finiavana Mihary Valisoa Rakotonirina
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Andrainjato Fianarantsoa, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Fianarantsoa, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
- Ecole Doctorale de Geochimie et Chimie Médicinale, Université de Fianarantsoa, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Dario Donno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - David Ramanitrahasimbola
- Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
- Mention Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Gabriele Loris Beccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
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Bell V, Silva CRPG, Guina J, Fernandes TH. Mushrooms as future generation healthy foods. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1050099. [PMID: 36562045 PMCID: PMC9763630 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1050099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of edible mushrooms as an unexploited treasure trove, although rarely included in known food guidelines, is highlighted. Their role in shielding people against the side effects of an unhealthy stylish diet is reviewed. Mushrooms complement the human diet with various bioactive molecules not identified or deficient in foodstuffs of plant and animal sources, being considered a functional food for the prevention of several human diseases. Mushrooms have been widely used as medicinal products for more than 2,000 years, but globally the potential field of use of wild mushrooms has been untapped. There is a broad range of edible mushrooms which remain poorly identified or even unreported which is a valuable pool as sources of bioactive compounds for biopharma utilization and new dietary supplements. Some unique elements of mushrooms and their role in preventative healthcare are emphasized, through their positive impact on the immune system. The potential of mushrooms as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, and other health concerns is discussed. Mushrooms incorporate top sources of non-digestible oligosaccharides, and ergothioneine, which humans are unable to synthesize, the later a unique antioxidant, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory element, with therapeutic potential, approved by world food agencies. The prebiotic activity of mushrooms beneficially affects gut homeostasis performance and the balance of gut microbiota is enhanced. Several recent studies on neurological impact and contribution to the growth of nerve and brain cells are mentioned. Indeed, mushrooms as functional foods' nutraceuticals are presently regarded as next-generation foods, supporting health and wellness, and are promising prophylactic or therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Bell
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C. R. P. G. Silva
- Department of Health and Social Care, School of Health and Care Management, Arden University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - J. Guina
- Instituto Superior de Estudos Universitários de Nampula (ISEUNA), Universidade a Politécnica, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - T. H. Fernandes
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos Interdisciplinares Lurio (CEIL), Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
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Anti-Aging and Neuroprotective Properties of Grifola frondosa and Hericium erinaceus Extracts. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204368. [PMID: 36297052 PMCID: PMC9611596 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has relevant consequences for human health and increasing pieces of evidence indicate that medicinal mushrooms have several beneficial effects. One of the main issues in Western countries is represented by the challenges of aging and age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders. Among these, Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects 10 million people worldwide and is associated with α-synuclein misfolding, also found in other pathologies collectively called synucleinopathies. Here, we show that aqueous extracts of two edible mushrooms, Grifola frondosa and Hericium erinaceus, represent a valuable source of β-glucans and exert anti-aging effects in yeast. Their beneficial effects are mediated through the inhibition of the Ras/PKA pathway, with increased expression of heat shock proteins, along with a consistent increase of both mean and maximal lifespans. These fungal extracts also reduce the toxicity of α-synuclein heterologously expressed in yeast cells, resulting in reduced ROS levels, lower α-synuclein membrane localization, and protein aggregation. The neuroprotective activity of G. frondosa extract was also confirmed in a PD model of Drosophila melanogaster. Taken together, our data suggest the use of G. frondosa and H. erinaceus as functional food to prevent aging and age-related disorders, further supporting the neuro-healthy properties of these medicinal mushroom extracts.
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Odor Profile of Four Cultivated and Freeze-Dried Edible Mushrooms by Using Sensory Panel, Electronic Nose and GC-MS. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090953. [PMID: 36135678 PMCID: PMC9504341 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultivated mushrooms are well-known nutrient inputs for an equilibrated diet. Some species are broadly appreciated due to their medicinal properties. Lately, a number of novel foods and nutraceuticals based on dehydrated and freeze-dried powder obtained from cultivated mushrooms has been reaching the market. The food industry requires fast and reliable tools to prevent fraud. In this, work we have cultivated Agaricus bisporus sp. bisporus (AB) (white button mushroom), Agaricus bisporus sp. brunnescens (ABP) (portobello), Lentinula edodes (LE) (shiitake) and Grifola frondosa (GF) (maitake) using tailor-made substrates for the different species and standardized cropping conditions, which were individually freeze-dried to obtain the samples under evaluation. The aim of this article was to validate the use of two different methodologies, namely, electronic nose and sensory panel, to discriminate the olfactory profile of nutritional products based on freeze-dried mushrooms from the different cultivated species. Additionally, GC-MS was used to detect and quantify the most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the samples. The multivariate analysis performed proved the utility of electronic nose as an analytical tool, which was similar to the classical sensory panel but faster in distinguishing among the different species, with one limitation it being unable to differentiate between the same species. GC-MS analysis showed the chemical volatile formulation of the samples, also showing significant differences between different samples but high similarities between varieties of the same cultivated species. The techniques employed can be used to prevent fraud and have the potential to evaluate further medicinal mushroom species and build solid and trustful connections between these novel food products and potential consumers.
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Cho HW, Choi S, Seo K, Kim KH, Jeon JH, Kim CH, Lim S, Jeong S, Chun JL. Gut microbiota profiling in aged dogs after feeding pet food contained Hericium erinaceus. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:937-949. [PMID: 36287790 PMCID: PMC9574611 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health concern of dogs is the most important issue for pet owners. People who
have companied the dogs long-term provide the utmost cares for their well-being
and healthy life. Recently, it was revealed that the population and types of gut
microbiota affect the metabolism and immunity of the host. However, there is
little information on the gut microbiome of dogs. Hericium
erinaceus (H. erinaceus; HE) is one of the
well-known medicinal mushrooms and has multiple bioactive components including
polyphenol, β-glucan, polysaccharides, ergothioneine, hericerin,
erinacines, etc. Here we tested a pet food that contained H.
erinaceus for improvement in the gut microbiota environment of aged
dogs. A total of 18 dogs, each 11 years old, were utilized. For sixteen weeks,
the dogs were fed with 0.4 g of H. erinaceus (HE-L), or 0.8 g (HE-H), or without
H. erinaceus (CON) per body weight (kg) with daily diets (n
= 6 per group). Taxonomic analysis was performed using metagenomics to
investigate the difference in the gut microbiome. Resulting from principal
coordinates analysis (PCoA) to confirm the distance difference between the
groups, there was a significant difference between HE-H and CON due to weighted
Unique fraction metric (Unifrac) distance (p = 0.047), but HE-L
did not have a statistical difference compared to that of CON. Additionally, the
result of Linear discriminate analysis of effect size (LEfSe) showed that phylum
Bacteroidetes in HE-H and its order Bacteroidales
increased, compared to that of CON, Additionally, phylum
Firmicutes in HE-H, and its genera
(Streptococcus, Tyzzerella) were reduced.
Furthermore, at the family level, Campylobacteraceae and its
genus Campylobacter in HE-H was decreased compared to that of
CON. Summarily, our data demonstrated that the intake of H.
erinaceus can regulate the gut microbial community in aged dogs,
and an adequate supply of HE on pet diets would possibly improve immunity and
anti-obesity on gut-microbiota in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Woo Cho
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Soyoung Choi
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Kangmin Seo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Jeon
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Chan Ho Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sejin Lim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sohee Jeong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ju Lan Chun
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea,Corresponding author: Ju Lan Chun,
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju
55365, Korea. Tel: +82-63-238-7053, E-mail:
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Yang SY, Fang CJ, Chen YW, Chen WP, Lee LY, Chen CC, Lin YY, Liu SC, Tsai CH, Huang WC, Wu YC, Tang CH. Hericium erinaceus Mycelium Ameliorates In Vivo Progression of Osteoarthritis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132605. [PMID: 35807786 PMCID: PMC9268003 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related disorder that affects the joints and causes functional disability. Hericium erinaceus is a large edible mushroom with several known medicinal functions. However, the therapeutic effects of H. erinaceus in OA are unknown. In this study, data from Sprague-Dawley rats with knee OA induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) indicated that H. erinaceus mycelium improves ACLT-induced weight-bearing asymmetry and minimizes pain. ACLT-induced increases in articular cartilage degradation and bone erosion were significantly reduced by treatment with H. erinaceus mycelium. In addition, H. erinaceus mycelium reduced the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in OA cartilage and synovium. H. erinaceus mycelium shows promise as a functional food in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Yu Yang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Jung Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 325002, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (W.-P.C.); (L.-Y.L.)
| | - Wan-Ping Chen
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 325002, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (W.-P.C.); (L.-Y.L.)
| | - Li-Ya Lee
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 325002, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (W.-P.C.); (L.-Y.L.)
| | - Chin-Chu Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106617, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Taipei 104, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Yen-You Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Shan-Chi Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651012, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
- Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +866-4-2205-2121 (ext. 7726)
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Kim S. A multi-omics approach to assess production of the valuable peptides and amino acids in porcine blood protein hydrolysate. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Purification, Characterization, and Inhibition of Tyrosinase from Jerusalem Artichoke ( Helianthus Tuberosus L.) Tuber. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 10:495-505. [PMID: 34981028 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.3.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Because it tends to cause deterioration in the quality of food and appearance, food browning is unacceptable. Tyrosinase, which catalyzes the transformation of mono phenolic compounds into o-quinones, has been associated with this phenomenon. Natural anti-browning agents were used to help avoid the enzymatic browning that occurs in many foods. Methods Tyrosinase of Jerusalem Artichoke tubers was purified through (NH4)2SO4 sedimentation, dialysis, chromatography, and finally gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was characterized and inhibited by rosemary extracts. Results Purification of tyrosinase from Jerusalem Artichoke tuber were accomplished. The specific activity at the final step of purification increased to 14115.76 U/mg protein with purification fold 32.89 using CM-Cellulose chromatography. The molecular mass was evaluated by electrophoresis and found to be 62 KDa. Maximum tyrosinase activity was found at 30 °C, pH 7.2, and higher affinity towards L-tyrosine. Inhibition percentage of heated extracts for leaves and flowers on tyrosinase activity was better than nonheated with 29.65% and 23.75%, respectively. The kinetic analysis exposed uncompetitive inhibition by leaves and flowers heated extracts. Conclusion In this study, we concluded the usage of natural anti-browning inhibitors like rosemary extract be able to be castoff to substitute the chemical agents which might be dangerous to social healthiness. Natural anti-browning agents can be used to prevent the browning of many foods.
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Wong JX, Ramli S, Desa S, Chen SN. Use of Centella asiatica extract in reducing microbial contamination and browning effect in fresh cut fruits and vegetables during storage: A potential alternative of synthetic preservatives. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ju JH, Heo SY, Choi SW, Kim YM, Kim MS, Kim CH, Oh BR. Effective bioconversion of 1,3-propanediol from biodiesel-derived crude glycerol using organic acid resistance-enhanced Lactobacillus reuteri JH83. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125361. [PMID: 34320778 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic acids produced during the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria inhibit cellular growth and the production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO). Lactobacillus reuteri JH83, which has an increase of 18.6% in organic acid resistance, was obtained through electron beam irradiation mutagenesis irrelevant to the problem of genetically modified organisms. The maximum bioconversion of 1,3-PDO in fed-batch fermentation using pure glycerol by L. reuteri JH83 was 93.2 g/L at 72 h, and the productivity was 1.29 g/L·h, which achieved an increase by 34.6%, compared to that of the wild-type strain. In addition, the result of fed-batch fermentation for the production of 1,3-PDO using crude glycerol was not significantly different from that of pure glycerol. Additionally, transcriptome analysis confirmed changes in the expression levels of sucrose phosphorylase, which is a major facilitator superfamily transporter, and muramyl ligase family proteins, which protect lactic acid bacteria from various stressors, such as organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Ju
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Yeon Heo
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wha Choi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology and Functional Food Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Rock Oh
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Mushroom Nutrition as Preventative Healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The defining characteristics of the traditional Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) cuisine have been the richness in indigenous foods and ingredients, herbs and spices, fermented foods and beverages, and healthy and whole ingredients used. It is crucial to safeguard the recognized benefits of mainstream traditional foods and ingredients, which gradually eroded in the last decades. Notwithstanding poverty, chronic hunger, malnutrition, and undernourishment in the region, traditional eating habits have been related to positive health outcomes and sustainability. The research prevailed dealing with food availability and access rather than the health, nutrition, and diet quality dimensions of food security based on what people consume per country and on the missing data related to nutrient composition of indigenous foods. As countries become more economically developed, they shift to “modern” occidental foods rich in saturated fats, salt, sugar, fizzy beverages, and sweeteners. As a result, there are increased incidences of previously unreported ailments due to an unbalanced diet. Protein-rich foods in dietary guidelines enhance only those of animal or plant sources, while rich protein sources such as mushrooms have been absent in these charts, even in developed countries. This article considers the valorization of traditional African foodstuffs and ingredients, enhancing the importance of establishing food-based dietary guidelines per country. The crux of this review highlights the potential of mushrooms, namely some underutilized in the SSA, which is the continent’s little exploited gold mine as one of the greatest untapped resources for feeding and providing income for Africa’s growing population, which could play a role in shielding Sub-Saharan Africans against the side effects of an unhealthy stylish diet.
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Natural Antioxidants: Innovative Extraction and Application in Foods. Foods 2021; 10:foods10050937. [PMID: 33922906 PMCID: PMC8145392 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has devoted great attention to the study of the biological properties of plants, animal products, microorganisms, marine species, and fungi, among others, often driven by the need to discover new medicines [...].
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