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Capri FC, Gaglio R, Botta L, Settanni L, Alduina R. Selection of starter lactic acid bacteria capable of forming biofilms on wooden vat prototypes for their future application in traditional Sicilian goat's milk cheese making. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 419:110752. [PMID: 38781647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, 327 presumptive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from goats' milk acid curds produced at a Sicilian dairy farm with the aim to identify potential starter cultures for traditional cheeses. All isolates were first processed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR analysis. This approach identified 63 distinct strains which were evaluated for their acidifying capacity. Only 15 strains specifically stood out for their acidification capacity and were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Lactococcus lactis (11 strains) Enterococcus faecalis (three strains), and Ligilactobacillus animalis (one strain). Notably, all 15 LAB isolates produced bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances and anti-biofilm compounds, against both planktonic and biofilm forms of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, albeit at varying levels. Among these 15 LAB, En. faecalis RGM25 and Lc. lactis RGM55, susceptible to five antibiotics tested, were put in contact with wooden vat prototypes, because all equipment used in traditional cheese production in Sicily are made of wood. Scanning electron microscopy and bacterial plate counts of the wooden vat prototypes showed the development of biofilms at levels of approximately 6.0 log CFU/cm2. Overall, this study contributes to establishing a custom-made LAB starter cultures with bio-preservatives properties for Sicilian cheese productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Claire Capri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bldg. 16-17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Raimondo Gaglio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Bldg. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Luigi Botta
- Department of Engineering, RU INSTM, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Bldg. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Settanni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Bldg. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bldg. 16-17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Piazza Marina, 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Rampanti G, Cantarini A, Cardinali F, Milanović V, Garofalo C, Aquilanti L, Osimani A. Technological and Enzymatic Characterization of Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Viili Natural Starters. Foods 2024; 13:1115. [PMID: 38611419 PMCID: PMC11011773 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Viili, a Finnish ropy fermented milk, is traditionally manufactured through spontaneous fermentation, by mesophilic lactic acid bacteria and yeast-like fungi, or back-slopping. This study evaluated four natural viili starters as sources of lactic acid bacteria for dairy production. Back-slopping activation of the studied viili samples was monitored through pH and titratable acidity measurements and enumeration of mesophilic lactic acid bacteria. Sixty lactic acid bacteria isolates were collected, molecularly identified, and assayed for acidification performance, enzymatic activities, production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), presence of the histidine decarboxylase (hdcA) gene of Gram-positive bacteria, and production of bacteriocins. A neat predominance of Lactococcus lactis emerged among the isolates, followed by Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus lactis, and Lactococcus cremoris. Most isolates exhibited proteolytic activity, whereas only a few enterococci showed lipase activity. Five isolates identified as L. cremoris, L. lactis, and E. faecalis showed a good acidification performance. Most of the isolates tested positive for leucine arylamidase, whereas only one E. durans and two L. lactis isolates were positive for valine arylamidase. A few isolates also showed a positive reaction for beta-galactosidase and alpha- and beta-glucosidase. None of the isolates produced EPSs or bacteriocins. The hdcA gene was detected in five isolates identified as L. lactis and E. faecium. A few L. cremoris and L. lactis isolates for potential use as starter or adjunct cultures for dairy processing were finally identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Federica Cardinali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.R.); (A.C.); (V.M.); (C.G.); (L.A.); (A.O.)
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Oliveira TFD, Kuniyoshi TM, Frota EG, Bermúdez-Puga S, Sakaue LN, Cassiano LL, Tachibana L, Piccoli RAM, Converti A, Oliveira RPDS. Anti-Listerial Activity of Bacteriocin-like Inhibitory Substance Produced by Enterococcus lactis LBM BT2 Using Alternative Medium with Sugarcane Molasses. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:210. [PMID: 38534645 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that contaminates food-processing environments and persists within biofilms on equipment, thus reaching final products by cross-contamination. With the growing demand for clean-label products, the search for natural antimicrobials as biopreservants, such as bacteriocins, has shown promising potential. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-listerial action of bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus lactis LBM BT2 in an alternative medium containing sugarcane molasses (SCM). Molecular analyses were carried out to characterize the strain, including the presence of bacteriocin-related genes. In the kinetic study on SCM medium E. lactis, LBM BT2 showed biomass and bacteriocin productions similar to those observed on a sucrose-based medium (control), highlighting the potential of the sugarcane molasses as a low-cost substrate. Stability tests revealed that the molecule remained active in wide ranges of pH (4-10) and temperature (60-100 °C). Furthermore, the proteolytic treatment reduced the biomolecule's antimicrobial activity, highlighting its proteinaceous nature. After primary purification by salting out and tangential flow filtration, the bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) showed bacteriostatic activity on suspended L. monocytogenes cells and against biofilm formation at a concentration of 0.625 mg/mL. These results demonstrate the potential of the produced BLIS as a biopreservative in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taciana Freire de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biomolecules, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Taís Mayumi Kuniyoshi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biomolecules, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elionio Galvão Frota
- Laboratory of Microbial Biomolecules, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sebastián Bermúdez-Puga
- Laboratory of Microbial Biomolecules, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Letícia Naomy Sakaue
- Laboratory of Microbial Biomolecules, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luara Lucena Cassiano
- Aquaculture Research Center, Scientific Research of Fisheries Institute, APTA, SAA, Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Tachibana
- Aquaculture Research Center, Scientific Research of Fisheries Institute, APTA, SAA, Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, 1252, São Paulo 04014-002, Brazil
| | - Rosane Aparecida Moniz Piccoli
- Bionanomanufacturing Nucleus, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), Av. Prof. Almeida Prado, 532, São Paulo 05508-901, Brazil
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Ricardo Pinheiro de Souza Oliveira
- Laboratory of Microbial Biomolecules, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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Microbiological Quality and Safety of Traditional Raw Milk Cheeses Manufactured on a Small Scale by Polish Dairy Farms. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233910. [PMID: 36496718 PMCID: PMC9736345 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Polish raw milk artisanal cheese may pose a threat to consumer safety due to pathogen presence. The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological safety, quality and physicochemical composition of cow’s and goat’s milk fresh cheeses produced by farmers on a small scale. A total of 62 samples of six cheese types were analyzed for Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., lactic acid bacteria and coliform presence and concentration levels. The physicochemical analysis estimated energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash and salt content. The cheeses were also tested for heavy metal contamination. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the samples. Coliforms were present in all the goat’s milk cheeses and only in two of the cow’s milk cheeses. Low levels of cadmium, below 0.008 ppm, were detected in three of the cows’ milk samples. The raw milk cheeses studied were free of the pathogens examined and were of high nutritional value.
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Stefanou C, Bartodziejska B, Szosland‐Fałtyn A. Quantitative microbiological risk assessment of traditional food of animal origin produced in short supply chains in Poland. EFSA J 2022; 20:e200921. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Listeria monocytogenes survives better at lower storage temperatures in regular and low-salt soft and cured cheeses. Food Microbiol 2022; 104:103979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.103979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tarracchini C, Viglioli M, Lugli GA, Mancabelli L, Fontana F, Alessandri G, Turroni F, Ventura M, Milani C. The Integrated Probiotic Database: a genomic compendium of bifidobacterial health-promoting strains. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2022; 1:9. [PMID: 38045645 PMCID: PMC10688828 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2021.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization defines probiotics as "live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host". In this framework, probiotic strains should be regarded as safe for human and animal consumption, i.e., they should possess the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status, notified by the local authorities. Consistently, strains of selected Bifidobacterium species are extensively used as probiotic agents to prevent and ameliorate a broad spectrum of human and/or animal gastrointestinal disorders. Even though probiotic properties are often genus- or species-associated, strain-level differences in the genetic features conferring individual probiotic properties to commercialized bifidobacterial strains have not been investigated in detail. Methods: In this study, we built a genomic database named Integrated Probiotic DataBase (IPDB), whose first iteration consists of common bifidobacterial strains used in probiotic products for which public genome sequences were available, such as members of B. longum subsp. longum, B. longum subsp. infantis, B. bifidum, B. breve, and B. animalis subsp. lactis taxa. Furthermore, the IPDB was exploited to perform comparative genome analyses focused on genetic factors conferring structural, functional, and chemical features predicted to be involved in microbe-host and microbe-microbe interactions. Results and conclusion: Our analyses revealed strain-level genetic differences, underlining the importance of inspecting the strain-specific and outcome-specific efficacy of probiotics. In this context, IPDB represents a valuable resource for obtaining genetic information of well-established bifidobacterial probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Martina Viglioli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
- GenProbio Srl, Via delle Scienze, 11/A, Parma 43100, Italy
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Parma 43124, Italy
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Sharma BR, Halami PM, Tamang JP. Novel pathways in bacteriocin synthesis by lactic acid bacteria with special reference to ethnic fermented foods. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1-16. [PMID: 35059226 PMCID: PMC8733103 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnic fermented foods are known for their unique aroma, flavour, taste, texture and other sensory properties preferred by every ethnic community in this world culturally as parts of their eatables. Some beneficial microorganisms associated with fermented foods have several functional properties and health-promoting benefits. Bacteriocins are the secondary metabolites produced by the microorganisms mostly lactic acid bacteria present in the fermented foods which can act as lantibiotics against the pathogen bacteria. Several studies have been conducted regarding the isolation and characterization of potent strains as well as their association with different types of bacteriocins. Collective information regarding the gene organizations responsible for the potent effect of bacteriocins as lantibiotics, mode of action on pathogen bacterial cells is not yet available. This review focuses on the gene organizations, pathways include for bacteriocin and their mode of action for various classes of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria in some ethnic fermented foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basista Rabina Sharma
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020 India
| | - Prakash M. Halami
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020 India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Tamang
- DAICENTER, Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, Science Building, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim 737102 India
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Sharma H, Ozogul F, Bartkiene E, Rocha JM. Impact of lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites on the techno-functional properties and health benefits of fermented dairy products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-23. [PMID: 34845955 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2007844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
After conversion of lactose to lactic acid, several biochemical changes occur such as enhanced protein digestibility, fatty acids release, and production of bioactive compounds etc. during the fermentation process that brings nutritional and quality improvement in the fermented dairy products (FDP). A diverse range of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is being utilized for the development of FDP with specific desirable techno-functional attributes. This review contributes to the knowledge of basic pathways and changes during fermentation process and the current research on techniques used for identification and quantification of metabolites. The focus of this article is mainly on the metabolites responsible for maintaining the desired attributes and health benefits of FDP as well as their characterization from raw milk. LAB genera including Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus and Lactococcus are involved in the fermentation of milk and milk products. LAB species accrue these benefits and desirable properties of FDP producing the bioactive compounds and metabolites using homo-fermentative and heterofermentative pathways. Generation of metabolites vary with incubation and other processing conditions and are analyzed and quantified using highly advanced and sophisticated instrumentation including nuclear magnetic resonance, mass-spectrometry based techniques. Health benefits of FDP are mainly possible due to the biological roles of such metabolites that also cause technological improvements desired by dairy manufacturers and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Sharma
- Food Technology Lab, Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto FEUP), Porto, Portugal
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Plant Extracts for the Control of Listeria monocytogenes in Meat Products. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112210820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.) plant active extracts was determined against Listeria monocytogenes in two meat products. Samples of sausages “cacciatore” and cooked ham in vacuum-packaged slices were artificially contaminated, and the presence of Listeria was evaluated during the sausages ripening and throughout the shelf-life of the cooked ham. The test carried out on sausages did not show differences among treated and untreated samples. The antagonistic activity of the plant extracts against the pathogen was probably hidden by the competition from the sausages microbial flora and the pH and the water activity (aw) decrease. On the other hand, the plant extracts determined an initial reduction of about 1.00 log cfu/g of the L. monocytogenes viable count in the cooked ham slices contaminated with 103 cfu/g, but the best result was obtained with the contamination of 102 cfu/g of L. monocytogenes. In addition to the pathogen’s initial decrease, we observed an extension of the lag phase and a reduction of the Listeria growth rate. Considering that the presence of L. monocytogenes during the slicing phase of the cooked ham does not exceed 10 cfu/g, the use of plant extracts can lead to complete pathogen elimination.
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