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Privar Y, Skatova A, Maiorova M, Golikov A, Boroda A, Bratskaya S. Tuning Mechanical Properties, Swelling, and Enzymatic Degradation of Chitosan Cryogels Using Diglycidyl Ethers of Glycols with Different Chain Length as Cross-Linkers. Gels 2024; 10:483. [PMID: 39057506 PMCID: PMC11276332 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cross-linking chitosan at room and subzero temperature using a series of diglycidyl ethers of glycols (DEs)-ethylene glycol (EGDE), 1,4-butanediol (BDDE), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGDE) has been investigated to demonstrate that DEs can be a more powerful alternative to glutaraldehyde (GA) for fabrication of biocompatible chitosan cryogels with tunable properties. Gelation of chitosan with DEs was significantly slower than with GA, allowing formation of cryogels with larger pores and higher permeability, more suitable for flow-through applications and cell culturing. Increased hydration of the cross-links with increased DE chain length weakened intermolecular hydrogen bonding in chitosan and improved cryogel elasticity. At high cross-linking ratios (DE:chitosan 1:4), the toughness and compressive strength of the cryogels decreased in the order EGDE > BDDE > PEGDE. By varying the DE chain length and concentration, permeable chitosan cryogels with elasticity moduli from 10.4 ± 0.8 to 41 ± 3 kPa, toughness from 2.68 ± 0.5 to 8.3 ± 0.1 kJ/m3, and compressive strength at 75% strain from 11 ± 2 to 33 ± 4 kPa were fabricated. Susceptibility of cryogels to enzymatic hydrolysis was identified as the parameter most sensitive to cross-linking conditions. Weight loss of cryogels increased with increased DE chain length, and degradation rate of PEGDE-cross-linked chitosan decreased 612-fold, when the cross-linker concentration increased 20-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Privar
- Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Anna Skatova
- Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Mariya Maiorova
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 17, Palchevskogo Street, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alexey Golikov
- Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Andrey Boroda
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 17, Palchevskogo Street, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Svetlana Bratskaya
- Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prosp. 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
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Drozdova M, Makhonina A, Gladkikh D, Artyukhov A, Bryukhanov L, Mezhuev Y, Lozinsky V, Markvicheva E. Hydroxyapatite-loaded macroporous calcium alginate hydrogels: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. Biopolymers 2024; 115:e23583. [PMID: 38661371 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels from natural polysaccharides are of great interest for tissue engineering. This study aims (1) to prepare hydroxyapatite-loaded macroporous calcium alginate hydrogels by novel one-step technique using internal gelation in water-frozen solutions; (2) to evaluate their physicochemical properties; (3) to estimate their ability to support cell growth and proliferation in vitro. The structure of the hydrogel samples in a swollen state was studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy and was shown to represent a system of interconnected macropores with sizes of tens micron. The swelling behavior of the hydrogels, their mechanical properties (Young's moduli) in function of a hydroxyapatite content (5-30 mass%) were studied. All hydrogel samples loaded with hydroxyapatite were found to support growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts (L929) at long-term cultivation for 7 days. The obtained macroporous composite Ca-Alg-HA hydrogels could be promising for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drozdova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alika Makhonina
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Gladkikh
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Artyukhov
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid Bryukhanov
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Lozinsky
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Markvicheva
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Vernaya OI, Ryabev AN, Shabatina TI, Karlova DL, Shabatin AV, Bulatnikova LN, Semenov AM, Melnikov MY, Lozinsky VI. Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems: 62 Preparation and Characterization of Alginate/Chondroitin Sulfate Cryostructurates Loaded with Antimicrobial Substances. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163271. [PMID: 36015528 PMCID: PMC9414213 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted drug release is a significant research focus in the development of drug delivery systems and involves a biocompatible polymeric carrier and certain medicines. Cryostructuring is a suitable approach for the preparation of efficient macroporous carriers for such drug delivery systems. In the current study, the cryogenically structured carriers based on alginate/chondroitin sulfate mixtures were prepared and their physicochemical properties and their ability to absorb/release the bactericides were evaluated. The swelling parameters of the polysaccharide matrix, the amount of the tightly bound water in the polymer and the sulfur content were measured. In addition, FTIR and UV spectroscopy, optical and scanning microscopy, as well as a standard disk diffusion method for determining antibacterial activity were used. It was shown that alginate/chondroitin sulfate concentration and their ratios were significant factors influencing the swelling properties and the porosity of the resultant cryostructurates. It was demonstrated that the presence of chondroitin sulfate in the composition of a polymeric matrix slowed down the release of the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. In the case of the NH2-free bactericide, dioxidine, the release was almost independent of the presence of chondroitin sulfate. This trend was also registered for the antibacterial activity tests against the Escherichia coli bacteria, when examining the drug-loaded biopolymeric carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I. Vernaya
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey N. Ryabev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Bld. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana I. Shabatina
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- N. E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria L. Karlova
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Shabatin
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 31, Bld. 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyudmila N. Bulatnikova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Bld. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Semenov
- Biology Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ya. Melnikov
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Lozinsky
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Bld. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-135-6492
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Guo Y, Wu M, Li R, Cai Z, Zhang H. Thermostable physically crosslinked cryogel from carboxymethylated konjac glucomannan fabricated by freeze-thawing. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhong H, Gao X, Cheng C, Liu C, Wang Q, Han X. The Structural Characteristics of Seaweed Polysaccharides and Their Application in Gel Drug Delivery Systems. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:658. [PMID: 33371266 PMCID: PMC7765921 DOI: 10.3390/md18120658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, researchers across various fields have shown a keen interest in the exploitation of biocompatible natural polymer materials, especially the development and application of seaweed polysaccharides. Seaweed polysaccharides are a multi-component mixture composed of one or more monosaccharides, which have the functions of being anti-virus, anti-tumor, anti-mutation, anti-radiation and enhancing immunity. These biological activities allow them to be applied in various controllable and sustained anti-inflammatory and anticancer drug delivery systems, such as seaweed polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, microspheres and gels, etc. This review summarizes the advantages of alginic acid, carrageenan and other seaweed polysaccharides, and focuses on their application in gel drug delivery systems (such as nanogels, microgels and hydrogels). In addition, recent literature reports and applications of seaweed polysaccharides are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cui Cheng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (C.L.); (Q.W.)
| | | | | | - Xiao Han
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (C.L.); (Q.W.)
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Lozinsky VI. Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems. 55. Retrospective View on the More than 40 Years of Studies Performed in the A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds with Respect of the Cryostructuring Processes in Polymeric Systems. Gels 2020; 6:E29. [PMID: 32927850 PMCID: PMC7559272 DOI: 10.3390/gels6030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The processes of cryostructuring in polymeric systems, the techniques of the preparation of diverse cryogels and cryostructurates, the physico-chemical mechanisms of their formation, and the applied potential of these advanced polymer materials are all of high scientific and practical interest in many countries. This review article describes and discusses the results of more than 40 years of studies in this field performed by the researchers from the A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences-one of the key centers, where such investigations are carried out. The review includes brief historical information, the description of the main effects and trends characteristic of the cryostructuring processes, the data on the morphological specifics inherent in the polymeric cryogels and cryostructurates, and examples of their implementation for solving certain applied tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I Lozinsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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