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Hassan Akhtar M, Azhar Hayat Nawaz M, Abbas M, Liu N, Han W, Lv Y, Yu C. Advances in pH Sensing: From Traditional Approaches to Next-Generation Sensors in Biological Contexts. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300369. [PMID: 38953343 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
pH has been considered one of the paramount factors in bodily functions because most cellular tasks exclusively rely on precise pH values. In this context, the current techniques for pH sensing provide us with the futuristic insight to further design therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Thus, pH-sensing (electrochemically and optically) is rapidly evolving toward exciting new applications and expanding researchers' interests in many chemical contexts, especially in biomedical applications. The adaptation of cutting-edge technology is subsequently producing the modest form of these biosensors as wearable devices, which are providing us the opportunity to target the real-time collection of vital parameters, including pH for improved healthcare systems. The motif of this review is to provide insight into trending tech-based systems employed in real-time or in-vivo pH-responsive monitoring. Herein, we briefly go through the pH regulation in the human body to help the beginners and scientific community with quick background knowledge, recent advances in the field, and pH detection in real-time biological applications. In the end, we summarize our review by providing an outlook; challenges that need to be addressed, and prospective integration of various pH in vivo platforms with modern electronics that can open new avenues of cutting-edge techniques for disease diagnostics and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Hassan Akhtar
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS, University Islamabad, 54000, Lahore, Campus, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenzhao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yan Lv
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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Nur-E-Alam M, Maurya DK, Yap BK, Rajabi A, Doroody C, Bin Mohamed H, Khandaker MU, Islam MA, Kiong Tiong S. Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films for pH Sensing Applications: Last Decade of Research Progress. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8194. [PMID: 37837022 PMCID: PMC10575361 DOI: 10.3390/s23198194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In the last several decades, metal oxide thin films have attracted significant attention for the development of various existing and emerging technological applications, including pH sensors. The mandate for consistent and precise pH sensing techniques has been increasing across various fields, including environmental monitoring, biotechnology, food and agricultural industries, and medical diagnostics. Metal oxide thin films grown using physical vapor deposition (PVD) with precise control over film thickness, composition, and morphology are beneficial for pH sensing applications such as enhancing pH sensitivity and stability, quicker response, repeatability, and compatibility with miniaturization. Various PVD techniques, including sputtering, evaporation, and ion beam deposition, used to fabricate thin films for tailoring materials' properties for the advanced design and development of high-performing pH sensors, have been explored worldwide by many research groups. In addition, various thin film materials have also been investigated, including metal oxides, nitrides, and nanostructured films, to make very robust pH sensing electrodes with higher pH sensing performance. The development of novel materials and structures has enabled higher sensitivity, improved selectivity, and enhanced durability in harsh pH environments. The last decade has witnessed significant advancements in PVD thin films for pH sensing applications. The combination of precise film deposition techniques, novel materials, and surface functionalization strategies has led to improved pH sensing performance, making PVD thin films a promising choice for future pH sensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nur-E-Alam
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.K.Y.); (A.R.); (C.D.); (H.B.M.); (S.K.T.)
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Devendra Kumar Maurya
- National Centre for Flexible Electronics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India;
| | - Boon Kar Yap
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.K.Y.); (A.R.); (C.D.); (H.B.M.); (S.K.T.)
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Armin Rajabi
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.K.Y.); (A.R.); (C.D.); (H.B.M.); (S.K.T.)
| | - Camellia Doroody
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.K.Y.); (A.R.); (C.D.); (H.B.M.); (S.K.T.)
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Bin Mohamed
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.K.Y.); (A.R.); (C.D.); (H.B.M.); (S.K.T.)
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohammad Aminul Islam
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Sieh Kiong Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia; (B.K.Y.); (A.R.); (C.D.); (H.B.M.); (S.K.T.)
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
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