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Costa J, Baratto MC, Spinelli D, Leone G, Magnani A, Pogni R. A Novel Bio-Adhesive Based on Chitosan-Polydopamine-Xanthan Gum for Glass, Cardboard and Textile Commodities. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1806. [PMID: 39000661 PMCID: PMC11244100 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based adhesives have spurred an urgent need for sustainable alternatives. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, is a promising candidate; however, its limited water resistance hinders broader application. The aim of this study is to develop a new chitosan-based adhesive with improved properties. The polydopamine association with chitosan presents a significant increase in adhesiveness compared to pure chitosan. Polydopamine is synthesized by the enzymatic action of laccase from Trametes versicolor at pH = 4.5, in the absence or presence of chitosan. This pH facilitates chitosan's solubility and the occurrence of catechol in its reduced form (pH < 5.5), thereby increasing the final adhesive properties. To further enhance the adhesive properties, various crosslinking agents were tested. A multi-technique approach was used for the characterization of formulations. The formulation based on 3% chitosan, 50% polydopamine, and 3% xanthan gum showed a spectacular increase in adhesive properties when tested on glass, cardboard and textile. This formulation increased water resistance, maintaining the adhesion of a sample soaked in water for up to 10 h. For cardboard and textile, material rapture occurred, in mechanical tests, prior to adhesive bond failure. Furthermore, all the samples showed antiflame properties, expanding the benefits of their use. Comparison with commercial glues confirms the remarkable adhesive properties of the new formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Costa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (J.C.); (M.C.B.); (G.L.); (A.M.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Baratto
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (J.C.); (M.C.B.); (G.L.); (A.M.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniele Spinelli
- Next Technology Tecnotessile, Via del Gelso 13, 59100 Prato, Italy;
| | - Gemma Leone
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (J.C.); (M.C.B.); (G.L.); (A.M.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Agnese Magnani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (J.C.); (M.C.B.); (G.L.); (A.M.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rebecca Pogni
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (J.C.); (M.C.B.); (G.L.); (A.M.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Dumitru MV, Neagu AL, Miron A, Roque MI, Durães L, Gavrilă AM, Sarbu A, Iovu H, Chiriac AL, Iordache TV. Retention of Ciprofloxacin and Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solutions Using Chitosan-Based Cryostructured Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:639. [PMID: 38475322 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Water pollution is becoming a great concern at the global level due to highly polluted effluents, which are charged year by year with increasing amounts of organic residues, dyes, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals. For some of these pollutants, the industrial treatment of wastewater is still relevant. Yet, in some cases, such as pharmaceuticals, specific treatment schemes are urgently required. Therefore, the present study describes the synthesis and evaluation of promising cryostructured composite adsorbents based on chitosan containing native minerals and two types of reinforcement materials (functionalized kaolin and synthetic silicate microparticles). The targeted pharmaceuticals refer to the ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic and the carbamazepine (CBZ) drug, for which the current water treatment process seem to be less efficient, making them appear in exceedingly high concentrations, even in tap water. The study reveals first the progress made for improving the mechanical stability and resilience to water disintegration, as a function of pH, of chitosan-based cryostructures. Further on, a retention study shows that both pharmaceuticals are retained with high efficiency (up to 85.94% CIP and 86.38% CBZ) from diluted aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela-Victoria Dumitru
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Ghe. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Lorena Neagu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Miron
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Inês Roque
- University of Coimbra, CERES-Chemical Engineering and Renewable Resources for Sustainability, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luisa Durães
- University of Coimbra, CERES-Chemical Engineering and Renewable Resources for Sustainability, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana-Mihaela Gavrilă
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Ghe. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anita-Laura Chiriac
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tanța Verona Iordache
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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Miron A, Iordache TV, Valente AJM, Durães LMR, Sarbu A, Ivan GR, Zaharia A, Sandu T, Iovu H, Chiriac AL. Chitosan-Based Beads Incorporating Inorganic-Organic Composites for Copper Ion Retention in Aqueous Solutions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2411. [PMID: 38397088 PMCID: PMC10889537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a challenging interest in developing low-cost biopolymeric materials for wastewater treatment. In the present work, new adsorbents, based on different types of chitosan (commercial, commercial chitin-derived chitosan and chitosan synthesized from shrimp shell waste) and inorganic-organic composites have been evaluated for copper ions removal. The efficacy of the synthesis of chitosan-based composite beads has been determined by studying various characteristics using several techniques, including FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, porosimetry (N2 adsorption), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption kinetics was performed using different adsorption models to determine the adsorption behavior of the materials in the aqueous media. For all composite beads, regardless of the type of chitosan used, good capacity to remove copper ions from simulated waters was observed (up to 17 mg/g), which proves that the new materials hold potential for heavy metal retention. However, the adsorption efficiency was influenced by the type of chitosan used. Thus, for the series where commercial chitosan (CC) was used, the removal efficiency was approximately 29%; for the series with chitosan obtained from commercial chitin (SC), the removal efficiency was approximately 34%; for the series with chitosan enriched with CaCO3 (SH), the removal efficiency was approximately 52%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Miron
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Tanta-Verona Iordache
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Artur J. M. Valente
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Luisa Maria Rocha Durães
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Georgeta Ramona Ivan
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Anamaria Zaharia
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Teodor Sandu
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anita-Laura Chiriac
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (T.-V.I.); (A.S.); (G.R.I.); (A.Z.); (T.S.)
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Vieira H, Lestre GM, Solstad RG, Cabral AE, Botelho A, Helbig C, Coppola D, de Pascale D, Robbens J, Raes K, Lian K, Tsirtsidou K, Leal MC, Scheers N, Calado R, Corticeiro S, Rasche S, Altintzoglou T, Zou Y, Lillebø AI. Current and Expected Trends for the Marine Chitin/Chitosan and Collagen Value Chains. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:605. [PMID: 38132926 PMCID: PMC10744996 DOI: 10.3390/md21120605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin/chitosan and collagen are two of the most important bioactive compounds, with applications in the pharmaceutical, veterinary, nutraceutical, cosmetic, biomaterials, and other industries. When extracted from non-edible parts of fish and shellfish, by-catches, and invasive species, their use contributes to a more sustainable and circular economy. The present article reviews the scientific knowledge and publication trends along the marine chitin/chitosan and collagen value chains and assesses how researchers, industry players, and end-users can bridge the gap between scientific understanding and industrial applications. Overall, research on chitin/chitosan remains focused on the compound itself rather than its market applications. Still, chitin/chitosan use is expected to increase in food and biomedical applications, while that of collagen is expected to increase in biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and nutritional applications. Sustainable practices, such as the reuse of waste materials, contribute to strengthen both value chains; the identified weaknesses include the lack of studies considering market trends, social sustainability, and profitability, as well as insufficient examination of intellectual property rights. Government regulations, market demand, consumer preferences, technological advancements, environmental challenges, and legal frameworks play significant roles in shaping both value chains. Addressing these factors is crucial for seizing opportunities, fostering sustainability, complying with regulations, and maintaining competitiveness in these constantly evolving value chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Vieira
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.V.); (G.M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Gonçalo Moura Lestre
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.V.); (G.M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Runar Gjerp Solstad
- Nofima Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (R.G.S.); (K.L.); (T.A.)
| | - Ana Elisa Cabral
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Anabela Botelho
- GOVCOPP—Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies, DEGEIT, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Helbig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Daniela Coppola
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Johan Robbens
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ILVO, Aquatic Environment and Quality, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium; (J.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Katleen Raes
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; (K.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Kjersti Lian
- Nofima Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (R.G.S.); (K.L.); (T.A.)
| | - Kyriaki Tsirtsidou
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ILVO, Aquatic Environment and Quality, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium; (J.R.); (K.T.)
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; (K.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Miguel C. Leal
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Nathalie Scheers
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Sofia Corticeiro
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.V.); (G.M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefan Rasche
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Themistoklis Altintzoglou
- Nofima Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (R.G.S.); (K.L.); (T.A.)
| | - Yang Zou
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; (K.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ana I. Lillebø
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
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Nyanhongo GS. Editorial on the Special Issue "Chitosan Functional Hydrogels: Synthesis and Applications". Gels 2023; 9:524. [PMID: 37504403 PMCID: PMC10378970 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin, a polysaccharide composed of β-(1-4)-linked 2-deoxy-2-acetamido-d-glucose units, is found in cell walls of different organisms, including crustaceans, fungi, insects, some algae, microorganisms, and some invertebrate animals, and its deacetylation into chitosan confers it with incredible chemical versatility allowing it to be processed into numerous products [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibson S Nyanhongo
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa
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Dumitru MV, Sandu T, Miron A, Zaharia A, Radu IC, Gavrilă AM, Sârbu A, Iovu H, Chiriac AL, Iordache TV. Hybrid Cryogels with Superabsorbent Properties as Promising Materials for Penicillin G Retention. Gels 2023; 9:443. [PMID: 37367113 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This present study describes the investigation of new promising hybrid cryogels able to retain high amounts of antibiotics, specifically penicillin G, using chitosan or chitosan-biocellulose blends along with a naturally occurring clay, i.e., kaolin. In order to evaluate and optimize the stability of cryogels, three types of chitosan were used in this study, as follows: (i) commercial chitosan; (ii) chitosan prepared in the laboratory from commercial chitin; and (iii) chitosan prepared in the laboratory from shrimp shells. Biocellulose and kaolin, previously functionalized with an organosilane, were also investigated in terms of their potential to improve the stability of cryogels during prolonged submergence under water. The organophilization and incorporation of the clay into the polymer matrix were confirmed by different characterization techniques (such as FTIR, TGA, SEM), while their stability in time underwater was investigated by swelling measurements. As final proof of their superabsorbent behavior, the cryogels were tested for antibiotic adsorption in batch experiments, in which case cryogels based on chitosan extracted from shrimp shells seem to exhibit excellent adsorption properties for penicillin G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Victoria Dumitru
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodor Sandu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Miron
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anamaria Zaharia
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionuț Cristian Radu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Mihaela Gavrilă
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Sârbu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anita-Laura Chiriac
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tanța Verona Iordache
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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Neblea IE, Chiriac AL, Zaharia A, Sarbu A, Teodorescu M, Miron A, Paruch L, Paruch AM, Olaru AG, Iordache TV. Introducing Semi-Interpenetrating Networks of Chitosan and Ammonium-Quaternary Polymers for the Effective Removal of Waterborne Pathogens from Wastewaters. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051091. [PMID: 36904332 PMCID: PMC10007103 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aims to study the influence of ammonium-quaternary monomers and chitosan, obtained from different sources, upon the effect of semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogels upon the removal of waterborne pathogens and bacteria from wastewater. To this end, the study was focused on using vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC), a water-soluble monomer with known antibacterial properties, and mineral-enriched chitosan extracted from shrimp shells, to prepare the semi-IPNs. By using chitosan, which still contains the native minerals (mainly calcium carbonate), the study intends to justify that the stability and efficiency of the semi-IPN bactericidal devices can be modified and better improved. The new semi-IPNs were characterized for composition, thermal stability and morphology using well-known methods. Swelling degree (SD%) and the bactericidal effect assessed using molecular methods revealed that hydrogels made of chitosan derived from shrimp shell demonstrated the most competitive and promising potential for wastewater (WW) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia E. Neblea
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anita-L. Chiriac
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anamaria Zaharia
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Teodorescu
- Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Miron
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lisa Paruch
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Oluf Thesens vei 43, 1433 Aas, Norway
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.G.O.); (T.-V.I.)
| | - Adam M. Paruch
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Oluf Thesens vei 43, 1433 Aas, Norway
| | - Andreea G. Olaru
- S.C. EDAS-EXIM S.R.L., Banat Street 23, 010933 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.G.O.); (T.-V.I.)
| | - Tanta-V. Iordache
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.G.O.); (T.-V.I.)
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