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Feng S, Ren L, Dai S, Wang H, Zhang F, Zhou A, Zhou B, Wang J. AabHLH48, a novel basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor from Adonis amurensis, promotes early flowering in Arabidopsis by activating FRUITFULL expression. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 297:154256. [PMID: 38657393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play various important roles in plant growth and development. In this study, a AabHLH48 was identified in the floral organ of Adonis amurensis, a perennial herb that can naturally complete flowering at extreme low temperatures. AabHLH48 was widely expressed in various tissues or organs of A. amurensis and was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of AabHLH48 promotes early flowering in Arabidopsis under both photoperiod (12 h light/12 h dark and 16 h light/8 h dark) and temperature (22 and 18 °C) conditions. Transcriptome sequencing combined with quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that overexpression of AabHLH48 caused a general upregulation of genes involved in floral development in Arabidopsis, especially for AtAGAMOUS-LIKE 8/FRUITFULL (AtAGL8/FUL). The yeast one-hybrid assay revealed that AabHLH48 has transcriptional activating activity and can directly bind to the promoter region of AtAGL8/FUL. These results suggest that the overexpression of AabHLH48 promoting early flowering in Arabidopsis is associated with the upregulated expression of AtAGL8/FUL activated by AabHLH48. This indicates that AabHLH48 can serve as an important genetic resource for improving flowering-time control in other ornamental plants or crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Feng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Zhejiang Baihua Landscape Group Company Limited, Taizhou, 318000, China; Large-Scale Instrument and Equipment Sharing Service Platform, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lulu Ren
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shengyue Dai
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Haoyun Wang
- Zhejiang Baihua Landscape Group Company Limited, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Zhejiang Baihua Landscape Group Company Limited, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Aimin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Zhejiang Baihua Landscape Group Company Limited, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| | - Jingang Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Xin H, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhu X. Dynamic transcriptome analysis provides molecular insights into underground floral differentiation in Adonis Amurensis Regel & Radde. BMC Genom Data 2024; 25:33. [PMID: 38515034 PMCID: PMC10956236 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding flower developmental processes is a prerequisite for improving flowering 'plants' production. Adonis amurensis is a fascinating spring ephemeral plant that develops its flower organs underground. Nevertheless, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms driving this particular process is scarce. Herein, we examined transcriptional changes during underground flower differentiation in A. amurensis and unveiled key differently regulated genes and pathways. High-throughput RNA sequencing of meristems at different flower developmental stages, including flower primordium (FP), sepal stage (SE), perianth primordium (PE), stamen stage (ST), and pistil stage (PI), identified 303,234 unigenes that showed 44.79% similarity with sequences in Aquilegia coerulea. Correlations, principal component, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analyses revealed that few molecular changes occurred during the transition from PE to ST. Many DEGs exhibited stage-specific regulations. Transcription factor (TF) and phytohormone family genes are critical regulators of the floral differentiation process in A. amurensis. The most differentially regulated TFs were MADS, FAR1, MYBs, AP2/ERF, B3, C2H2, and LOBs. We filtered out 186 candidate genes for future functional studies, including 18 flowering/circadian-related, 32 phytohormone-related, and TF family genes. Our findings deepen our understanding of the underground flower differentiation process and offer critical resources to dissect its regulatory network in A. amurensis. These findings establish a foundational platform for researchers dedicated to exploring the unique phenotypic characteristics of this specific flowering modality and delving into the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning its regulation and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xin
- School of Landscape Architecture, Changchun University, 6543 Weixing Road, Changchun, China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, 950, Yucai Road, Tonghua, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, 950, Yucai Road, Tonghua, China
| | - Xingzun Zhu
- School of Landscape Architecture, Changchun University, 6543 Weixing Road, Changchun, China.
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Alsubaie B, Kharabian-Masouleh A, Furtado A, Al-Dossary O, Al-Mssallem I, Henry RJ. Highly sex specific gene expression in Jojoba. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:440. [PMID: 37726703 PMCID: PMC10507870 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioecious plants have male and female flowers on separate plants. Jojoba is a dioecious plant that is drought-tolerant and native to arid areas. The genome sequence of male and female plants was recently reported and revealed an X and Y chromosome system, with two large male-specific insertions in the Y chromosome. RESULTS A total of 16,923 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified between the flowers of the male and female jojoba plants. This represented 40% of the annotated genes in the genome. Many genes, including those responsible for plant environmental responses and those encoding transcription factors (TFs), were specific to male or female reproductive organs. Genes involved in plant hormone metabolism were also found to be associated with flower and pollen development. A total of 8938 up-regulated and 7985 down-regulated genes were identified in comparison between male and female flowers, including many novel genes specific to the jojoba plant. The most differentially expressed genes were associated with reproductive organ development. The highest number of DEG were linked with the Y chromosome in male plants. The male specific parts of the Y chromosome encoded 12 very highly expressed genes including 9 novel genes and 3 known genes associated with TFs and a plant hormone which may play an important role in flower development. CONCLUSION Many genes, largely with unknown functions, may explain the sexual dimorphisms in jojoba plants and the differentiation of male and female flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alsubaie
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 36362, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ardashir Kharabian-Masouleh
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Agnelo Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Othman Al-Dossary
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 36362, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Mssallem
- College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, 36362, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
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Debat H, Garcia ML, Bejerman N. Expanding the Repertoire of the Plant-Infecting Ophioviruses through Metatranscriptomics Data. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040840. [PMID: 37112821 PMCID: PMC10144540 DOI: 10.3390/v15040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophioviruses (genus Ophiovirus, family Aspiviridae) are plant-infecting viruses with non-enveloped, filamentous, naked nucleocapsid virions. Members of the genus Ophiovirus have a segmented single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome (ca. 11.3–12.5 kb), encompassing three or four linear segments. In total, these segments encode four to seven proteins in the sense and antisense orientation, both in the viral and complementary strands. The genus Ophiovirus includes seven species with viruses infecting both monocots and dicots, mostly trees, shrubs and some ornamentals. From a genomic perspective, as of today, there are complete genomes available for only four species. Here, by exploring large publicly available metatranscriptomics datasets, we report the identification and molecular characterization of 33 novel viruses with genetic and evolutionary cues of ophioviruses. Genetic distance and evolutionary insights suggest that all the detected viruses could correspond to members of novel species, which expand the current diversity of ophioviruses ca. 4.5-fold. The detected viruses increase the tentative host range of ophioviruses for the first time to mosses, liverwort and ferns. In addition, the viruses were linked to several Asteraceae, Orchidaceae and Poaceae crops/ornamental plants. Phylogenetic analyses showed a novel clade of mosses, liverworts and fern ophioviruses, characterized by long branches, suggesting that there is still plenty of unsampled hidden diversity within the genus. This study represents a significant expansion of the genomics of ophioviruses, opening the door to future works on the molecular and evolutionary peculiarity of this virus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Debat
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE-CIAP-INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
- Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (N.B.)
| | - Maria Laura Garcia
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM-CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 50 y 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Bejerman
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal, Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IPAVE-CIAP-INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
- Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, Córdoba X5020ICA, Argentina
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (N.B.)
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Wang M, Zhang H, Dai S, Feng S, Gong S, Wang J, Zhou A. AaZFP3, a Novel CCCH-Type Zinc Finger Protein from Adonis amurensis, Promotes Early Flowering in Arabidopsis by Regulating the Expression of Flowering-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158166. [PMID: 35897742 PMCID: PMC9332444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CCCH-type zinc finger proteins (ZFP) are a large family of proteins that play various important roles in plant growth and development; however, the functions of most proteins in this family are uncharacterized. In this study, a CCCH-type ZFP, AaZFP3, was identified in the floral organ of Adonis amurensis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that AaZFP3 was widely expressed in the flowers of A.amurensis. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the AaZFP3 protein was mainly localized to the cytoplasm in tobacco and Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the overexpression of AaZFP3 promoted early flowering in Arabidopsis under both normal and relatively low-temperature conditions. RNA-sequencing and qPCR analyses revealed that the expression of multiple key flowering-time genes was altered in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing AaZFP3 compared to wild-type. Of these genes, FLOWERING LOCUS T (AtFT) expression was most significantly up-regulated, whereas FLOWERING LOCUS C (AtFLC) was significantly down-regulated. These results suggest that the overexpression of AaZFP3 promotes early flowering in Arabidopsis by affecting the expression of flowering-time genes. Overall, our study indicates that AaZFP3 may be involved in flowering regulation in A.amurensis and may represent an important genetic resource for improving flowering-time control in other ornamental plants or crops.
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He J, Lyu R, Luo Y, Xiao J, Xie L, Wen J, Li W, Pei L, Cheng J. A phylotranscriptome study using silica gel-dried leaf tissues produces an updated robust phylogeny of Ranunculaceae. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 174:107545. [PMID: 35690374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The utility of transcriptome data in plant phylogenetics has gained popularity in recent years. However, because RNA degrades much more easily than DNA, the logistics of obtaining fresh tissues has become a major limiting factor for widely applying this method. Here, we used Ranunculaceae to test whether silica-dried plant tissues could be used for RNA extraction and subsequent phylogenomic studies. We sequenced 27 transcriptomes, 21 from silica gel-dried (SD-samples) and six from liquid nitrogen-preserved (LN-samples) leaf tissues, and downloaded 27 additional transcriptomes from GenBank. Our results showed that although the LN-samples produced slightly better reads than the SD-samples, there were no significant differences in RNA quality and quantity, assembled contig lengths and numbers, and BUSCO comparisons between two treatments. Using these data, we conducted phylogenomic analyses, including concatenated- and coalescent-based phylogenetic reconstruction, molecular dating, coalescent simulation, phylogenetic network estimation, and whole genome duplication (WGD) inference. The resulting phylogeny was consistent with previous studies with higher resolution and statistical support. The 11 core Ranunculaceae tribes grouped into two chromosome type clades (T- and R-types), with high support. Discordance among gene trees is likely due to hybridization and introgression, ancient genetic polymorphism and incomplete lineage sorting. Our results strongly support one ancient hybridization event within the R-type clade and three WGD events in Ranunculales. Evolution of the three Ranunculaceae chromosome types is likely not directly related to WGD events. By clearly resolving the Ranunculaceae phylogeny, we demonstrated that SD-samples can be used for RNA-seq and phylotranscriptomic studies of angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rudan Lyu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yike Luo
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jiamin Xiao
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA.
| | - Wenhe Li
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Linying Pei
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center for Garden Plants, Beijing Forestry University Forest Science Co. Ltd., Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Suranjika S, Pradhan S, Nayak SS, Parida A. De novo transcriptome assembly and analysis of gene expression in different tissues of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia) (Jacq.) Marechal. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:198. [PMID: 35428206 PMCID: PMC9013028 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underutilized species Vigna aconitifolia (Moth Bean) is an important legume crop cultivated in semi-arid conditions and is valued for its seeds for their high protein content. It is also a popular green manure cover crop that offers many agronomic benefits including nitrogen fixation and soil nutrients. Despite its economic potential, genomic resources for this crop are scarce and there is limited knowledge on the developmental process of this plant at a molecular level. In the present communication, we have studied the molecular mechanisms that regulate plant development in V. aconitifolia, with a special focus on flower and seed development. We believe that this study will greatly enrich the genomic resources for this plant in form of differentially expressed genes, transcription factors, and genic molecular markers. RESULTS We have performed the de novo transcriptome assembly using six types of tissues from various developmental stages of Vigna aconitifolia (var. RMO-435), namely, leaves, roots, flowers, pods, and seed tissue in the early and late stages of development, using the Illumina NextSeq platform. We assembled the transcriptome to get 150938 unigenes with an average length of 937.78 bp. About 79.9% of these unigenes were annotated in public databases and 12839 of those unigenes showed a significant match in the KEGG database. Most of the unigenes displayed significant differential expression in the late stages of seed development as compared with leaves. We annotated 74082 unigenes as transcription factors and identified 12096 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the genic regions of V.aconitifolia. Digital expression analysis revealed specific gene activities in different tissues which were validated using Real-time PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS The Vigna aconitifolia transcriptomic resources generated in this study provide foundational resources for gene discovery with respect to various developmental stages. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis revealing the genes involved in molecular as well as metabolic pathways that regulate seed development and may be responsible for the unique nutritive values of moth bean seeds. Hence, this study would serve as a foundation for characterization of candidate genes which would not only provide novel insights into understanding seed development but also provide resources for improved moth bean and related species genetic enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Suranjika
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), An autonomous Institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), KIIT Road, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Seema Pradhan
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), An autonomous Institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Soumya Shree Nayak
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), An autonomous Institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), KIIT Road, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Ajay Parida
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), An autonomous Institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
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The Genetic and Hormonal Inducers of Continuous Flowering in Orchids: An Emerging View. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040657. [PMID: 35203310 PMCID: PMC8870070 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Orchids are the flowers of magnetic beauty. Vivid and attractive flowers with magnificent shapes make them the king of the floriculture industry. However, the long-awaited flowering is a drawback to their market success, and therefore, flowering time regulation is the key to studies about orchid flower development. Although there are some rare orchids with a continuous flowering pattern, the molecular regulatory mechanisms are yet to be elucidated to find applicable solutions to other orchid species. Multiple regulatory pathways, such as photoperiod, vernalization, circadian clock, temperature and hormonal pathways are thought to signalize flower timing using a group of floral integrators. This mini review, thus, organizes the current knowledge of floral time regulators to suggest future perspectives on the continuous flowering mechanism that may help to plan functional studies to induce flowering revolution in precious orchid species.
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Zhu Y, Qiu W, He X, Wu L, Bi D, Deng Z, He Z, Wu C, Zhuo R. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome provides insights into adaptation to cadmium stress in Sedum plumbizincicola. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113149. [PMID: 34974361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sedum plumbizincicola, a cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulating herbaceous plant, can accumulate large amounts of Cd in the above-ground tissues without being poisoned. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the processes are not fully understood. In this study, Transcriptional and proteomic analyses were integrated to investigate the response of S. plumbizincicola plants to Cd stress and to identify key pathways that are potentially responsible for Cd tolerance and accumulation. A total of 630 DAPs (differentially abundant proteins, using fold change >1.5 and adjusted p-value <0.05) were identified from Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)- based quantitative proteomic profiling, which were enriched in processes including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Combined with the previous transcriptomic study, 209 genes and their corresponding proteins showed the identical expression pattern. The identified genes/proteins revealed the potential roles of several metabolism pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, phagosome, and glutathione metabolism, in mediating Cd tolerance and accumulation. Lignin staining and Cd accumulation assay of the transgenic lines over-expressing a selected Cd up-regulated gene SpFAOMT (Flavonoid 3',5'-methyltransferase) showed its functions in adapting to Cd stress, and provided insight into its role in lignin biosynthesis and Cd accumulation in S. plumbizincicola during Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Wenmin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang He
- Agricultural Technology Extension Centre of Dongtai, Jiangsu 224200, PR China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - De Bi
- Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215000, PR China
| | - Zhiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China
| | - Zhengquan He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetic & Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002 Hubei, PR China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
| | - Renying Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, PR China.
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Chen Y, Xu Z, Shen Q, Sun C. Floral organ-specific proteome profiling of the floral ornamental orchid (Cymbidium goeringii) reveals candidate proteins related to floral organ development. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2021; 62:23. [PMID: 34921643 PMCID: PMC8684572 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-021-00330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cymbidium goeringii, belonging to the Orchidaceae family, is an important ornamental plant with striking petals and lips. Extremely diversified floral patterns and morphologies make C. goeringii good research material to examine floral development of orchids. However, no floral organ-specific protein has been identified yet. To screen floral development associated proteins, four proteomes from petal (PE), lip (LI), gynostemium (GY), and sepal (SE) were analyzed using Tandem Mass Tag-based proteomic analysis. RESULTS A total of 6626 unique peptides encoding 2331 proteins were identified in our study. Proteins in several primary metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and lipid metabolism, were identified as differentially expressed proteins. Interestingly, most of the energy metabolism-related proteins highly expressed in SE, indicating that SE is an important photosynthetic organ of C. goeringii flower. Furthermore, a number of phytohormone-related proteins and transcription factors (TFs) were identified in C. goeringii flowers. Expression analysis showed that 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase highly expressed in GY, IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 4 and gibberellin receptor 1 C greatly expressed in LI, and auxin-binding protein ABP20 significantly expressed in SE, suggesting a significant role of hormones in the regulation of flower morphogenesis and development. For TFs, GY-highly expressed bHLH13, PE-highly expressed WRKY33, and GY-highly expressed VIP1, were identified. CONCLUSIONS Mining of floral organ differential expressed enzymes and TFs helps us to excavate candidate proteins related to floral organ development and to accelerate the breeding of Cymbidium plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongbo Sun
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Kofler J, Milyaev A, Würtz B, Pfannstiel J, Flachowsky H, Wünsche JN. Proteomic differences in apple spur buds from high and non-cropping trees during floral initiation. J Proteomics 2021; 253:104459. [PMID: 34923173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The cropping behavior of biennial apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) cultivars is irregular and often follows a biennial bearing pattern with 'On' years (high crop load and inhibited floral bud formation) followed by 'Off' years (little crop load and a promoted formation of floral buds). To study proteomic differences between floral and vegetative buds, trees of the strongly alternating cultivar 'Fuji' and the regular bearing cultivar 'Gala' were either completely thinned or not thinned at full bloom to establish two cropping treatments with no ('Off') or a high ('On') crop load, respectively. Student's t-Tests indicated significant differences of protein profiles in buds from 2-year old spurs from both treatments at each sampling date. Abundance patterns of protein clusters coincided with the onset of floral bud initiation and were most noticeable in buds from 'On' trees with a decreased abundance of key enzymes of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways and an increased abundance of histone deacetylase and ferritins. Furthermore, an increased abundance of proteins involved in histone and DNA methylation was found in the buds from 'Off' trees. This study presents the first large-scale, label-free proteomic profiling of floral and vegetative apple buds during the period of floral bud initiation. SIGNIFICANCE: Although several studies exist that address the complex developmental processes associated with the formation of floral buds in apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) at transcriptomic level, no data is available for explaining the difference between floral and vegetative buds or biennial and regular bearing cultivars on a proteomic level. This study presents the first large-scale, label-free proteomic profiling of floral and vegetative apple buds from the two cultivars 'Fuji' and 'Royal Gala' during the period of floral bud initiation and renders possible the development of suitable biomarkers for biennial bearing in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kofler
- Institute of Crop Science, Section of Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops (340f), University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Straße 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Anton Milyaev
- Institute of Crop Science, Section of Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops (340f), University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Straße 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Berit Würtz
- Mass Spectometry Unit, Core Facility Hohenheim (640), University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Pfannstiel
- Mass Spectometry Unit, Core Facility Hohenheim (640), University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Henryk Flachowsky
- Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, 01326 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens-Norbert Wünsche
- Institute of Crop Science, Section of Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops (340f), University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Straße 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Sun Q, Lu H, Zhang Q, Wang D, Chen J, Xiao J, Ding X, Li Q. Transcriptome sequencing of wild soybean revealed gene expression dynamics under low nitrogen stress. J Appl Genet 2021; 62:389-404. [PMID: 33770376 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00628-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is one of the essential elements for plant growth. Wild soybeans (Glycine soja) have strong abilities to survive in harsh and barren environments, and hence become ideal plant model for studying plant adaptability to low nitrogen (LN) conditions. In this study, we analyzed and compared the transcriptomes of wild soybean subjected to LN treatments. We totally identified 1095 (681 up and 414 down) and 5490 (2998 up and 2492 down) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the aerial parts (leaf and stem, LS) and roots, respectively. Gene ontology classification analysis revealed that the categories related to LN stress (including oxidation reduction, transcriptional regulation, membrane, and protein phosphorylation) were highly enriched among DEGs. In addition, a total of 784 transcription factor (TF) and 84 transporter protein (TP) genes were determined in LS DEGs, of which some TF genes (NAC1, NAC35, ZFP1, CIM1, and WRKY25) and TP genes like NRT2.5 (nitrate transporter) and ABCC12 (ABC transporter) were widely upregulated under LN stress. Nevertheless, a total of 3859 TF and 370 TP genes were identified in root DEGs, of which some TF genes (NAC6, NAC14, MYB29, MYB92, bZIP62, bZIP72, WRKY60, WRKY58) and TP genes like NRT2.4 and HAK5 (potassium transporter) were upregulated under LN stress. These findings suggest that the identified DEGs may play vital roles in plant responses to LN stress, providing important genetic resources for further functional dissection of plant molecular mechanisms to LN stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Haoran Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jialei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Ren L, Sun H, Dai S, Feng S, Qiao K, Wang J, Gong S, Zhou A. Identification and Characterization of MIKC c-Type MADS-Box Genes in the Flower Organs of Adonis amurensis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179362. [PMID: 34502271 PMCID: PMC8430553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adonis amurensis is a perennial herbaceous flower that blooms in early spring in northeast China, where the night temperature can drop to −15 °C. To understand flowering time regulation and floral organogenesis of A. amurensis, the MIKCc-type MADS (Mcm1/Agamous/ Deficiens/Srf)-box genes were identified and characterized from the transcriptomes of the flower organs. In this study, 43 non-redundant MADS-box genes (38 MIKCc, 3 MIKC*, and 2 Mα) were identified. Phylogenetic and conserved motif analysis divided the 38 MIKCc-type genes into three major classes: ABCDE model (including AP1/FUL, AP3/PI, AG, STK, and SEPs/AGL6), suppressor of overexpression of constans1 (SOC1), and short vegetative phase (SVP). qPCR analysis showed that the ABCDE model genes were highly expressed mainly in flowers and differentially expressed in the different tissues of flower organs, suggesting that they may be involved in the flower organ identity of A. amurensis. Subcellular localization revealed that 17 full-length MADSs were mainly localized in the nucleus: in Arabidopsis, the heterologous expression of three full-length SOC1-type genes caused early flowering and altered the expression of endogenous flowering time genes. Our analyses provide an overall insight into MIKCc genes in A. amurensis and their potential roles in floral organogenesis and flowering time regulation.
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Transcriptional Cascade in the Regulation of Flowering in the Bamboo Orchid Arundina graminifolia. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060771. [PMID: 34063940 PMCID: PMC8224086 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Flowering in orchids is the most important horticultural trait regulated by multiple mechanisms. Arundina graminifolia flowers throughout the year unlike other orchids with a narrow flowering span. However, little is known of the genetic regulation of this peculiar flowering pattern. This study identifies a number of transcription factor (TF) families in five stages of flower development and four tissue types through RNA-seq transcriptome. About 700 DEGs were annotated to the transcription factor category and classified into 35 TF families, which were involved in multiple signaling pathways. The most abundant TF family was bHLH, followed by MYB and WRKY. Some important members of the bHLH, WRKY, MYB, TCP, and MADS-box families were found to regulate the flowering genes at transcriptional levels. Particularly, the TFs WRKY34 and ERF12 possibly respond to vernalization and photoperiod signaling, MYB108, RR9, VP1, and bHLH49 regulate hormonal balance, and CCA1 may control the circadian pathway. MADS-box TFs including MADS6, 14, 16, AGL5, and SEP may be important regulators of flowering in A. graminifolia. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of flowering in A. graminifolia.
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Combined Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of Myzus persicae, the Green Peach Aphid, Infected with Cucumber Mosaic Virus. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12050372. [PMID: 33919000 PMCID: PMC8142985 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, an integrated analysis of the mRNA and protein was performed to identify important putative regulators involved in the transmission of CMV (cucumber mosaic virus) by aphids. At the level of transcription, a total of 20,550 genes (≥2-fold expression difference) were identified as being differentially expressed genes (DEGs) 24 h after healthy aphid transfer to infected tobacco plants using the RNA-seq approach. At the protein level, 744 proteins were classified as being differentially abundant between virus-treated and control Myzus persicae using iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) analysis. The combined mRNA and protein analysis enabled the identification of some viral putative regulators, such as cuticle proteins, ribosomal proteins, and cytochrome P450 enzymes. The results show that most of the key putative regulators were highly accumulated at the protein level. Based on those findings, we can speculate that the process by which aphids spread CMV is mainly related to post-translational regulation rather than transcription. Abstract Aphids transmit CMV (cucumber mosaic virus) in a non-persistent manner. However, little is known about the mechanism of CMV transmission. In this study, an integrated analysis of the mRNA and protein was performed to identify important putative regulators involved in the transmission of CMV by aphids. At the level of transcription, a total of 20,550 genes (≥2-fold expression difference) were identified as being differentially expressed genes (DEGs) 24 h after healthy aphid transfer to infected tobacco plants using the RNA-seq approach. At the protein level, 744 proteins were classified as being differentially abundant between virus-treated and control M. persicae using iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) analysis. The combined mRNA and protein analysis enabled the identification of some viral putative regulators, such as cuticle proteins, ribosomal proteins, and cytochrome P450 enzymes. The results show that most of the key putative regulators were highly accumulated at the protein level. Based on those findings, we can speculate that the process by which aphids spread CMV is mainly related to post-translational regulation rather than transcription.
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Feng S, Peng Y, Liu E, Ma H, Qiao K, Zhou A, Liu S, Bu Y. Arabidopsis V-ATPase d2 Subunit Plays a Role in Plant Responses to Oxidative Stress. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060701. [PMID: 32630497 PMCID: PMC7349310 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit proton pump located on the endomembrane, plays an important role in plant growth. The Arabidopsis thaliana V-ATPase d subunit (VHA-d) consists of two isoforms; AtVHA-d1 and AtVHA-d2. In this study, the function of AtVHA-d2 was investigated. Histochemical analysis revealed that the expression of AtVHA-d1 and AtVHA-d2 was generally highly overlapping in multiple tissues at different developmental stages of Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization revealed that AtVHA-d2 was mainly localized to the vacuole. AtVHA-d2 expression was significantly induced by oxidative stress. Analysis of phenotypic and H2O2 content showed that the atvha-d2 mutant was sensitive to oxidative stress. The noninvasive microtest monitoring demonstrated that the net H+ influx in the atvha-d2 roots was weaker than that in the wild-type under normal conditions. However, oxidative stress resulted in the H+ efflux in atvha-d2 roots, which was significantly different from that in the wild-type. RNA-seq combined with qPCR analysis showed that the expression of several members of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene (AtAHA) family in atvha-d2 was significantly different from that in the wild-type. Overall, our results indicate that AtVHA-d2 plays a role in Arabidopsis in response to oxidative stress by affecting H+ flux and AtAHA gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yun Peng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Enhui Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Hongping Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Kun Qiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aimin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’An 311300, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Bu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-8219-2763
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