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Tartour AI, Chivese T, Eltayeb S, Elamin FM, Fthenou E, Seed Ahmed M, Babu GR. Prenatal psychological distress and 11β-HSD2 gene expression in human placentas: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 166:107060. [PMID: 38677195 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta acts as a buffer to regulate the degree of fetal exposure to maternal cortisol through the 11-Beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase isoenzyme type 2 (11-β HSD2) enzyme. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of prenatal psychological distress (PPD) on placental 11-β HSD2 gene expression and explore the related mechanistic pathways involved in fetal neurodevelopment. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, APA PsycInfo®, and ProQuest Dissertations for observational studies assessing the association between PPD and 11-β HSD2 expression in human placentas. Adjusted regression coefficients (β) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled based on three contextual PPD exposure groups: prenatal depression, anxiety symptoms, and perceived stress. RESULTS Of 3159 retrieved records, sixteen longitudinal studies involving 1869 participants across seven countries were included. Overall, exposure to PPD disorders showed weak negative associations with the placental 11-β HSD2 gene expression as follows: prenatal depression (β -0.01, 95% CI 0.05-0.02, I2=0%), anxiety symptoms (β -0.02, 95% CI 0.06-0.01, I2=0%), and perceived stress (β -0.01 95% CI 0.06-0.04, I2=62.8%). Third-trimester PPD exposure was more frequently associated with lower placental 11-β HSD2 levels. PPD and placental 11-β HSD2 were associated with changes in cortisol reactivity and the development of adverse health outcomes in mothers and children. Female-offspring were more vulnerable to PPD exposures. CONCLUSION The study presents evidence of a modest role of prenatal psychological distress in regulating placental 11-β HSD2 gene expression. Future prospective cohorts utilizing larger sample sizes or advanced statistical methods to enhance the detection of small effect sizes should be planned. Additionally, controlling for key predictors such as the mother's ethnicity, trimester of PPD exposure, mode of delivery, and infant sex is crucial for valid exploration of PPD effects on fetal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angham Ibrahim Tartour
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box:2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Tawanda Chivese
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box:2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Safa Eltayeb
- Qatar Biobank for Medical Research, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatima M Elamin
- Office of Research Ethics and Integrity, Qatar University, P. O. Box:2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eleni Fthenou
- Qatar Biobank for Medical Research, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Seed Ahmed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box:2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box:2713, Doha, Qatar
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Li K, Guo Z, Li F, Lu S, Zhang M, Gong Y, Tan J, Sheng C, Hao W, Yang X. Non-invasive determination of gene expression in placental tissue using maternal plasma cell-free DNA fragmentation characters. Gene 2024; 928:148789. [PMID: 39047956 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression profiles of placental genes are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of fetal development and placental-origin pregnancy syndromes. However, owing to ethical limitations and the risks of puncture sampling, it is difficult to obtain placental tissue samples repeatedly, continuously, multiple times, or in real time. Establishing a non-invasive method for predicting placental gene expression profiles through maternal plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing, which carries information about the source tissue and gene expression, can potentially solve this problem. METHODS Peripheral blood and placental samples were collected simultaneously from pregnant women who underwent cesarean section. Deep sequencing was performed on the separated plasma cfDNA and single-cell sequencing was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), chorioamniotic membranes (CAM), placental villi (PV), and decidua basalis (DB). The aggregation of corresponding information for each gene was combined with the transcriptome of PBMCs and a differential resolution transcriptome of the placenta. This combined information was then utilized for the construction of gene expression prediction models. After training, all models evaluated the correlation between the predicted and actual gene expression levels using external test set data. RESULTS From five women, more than 20 million reads were obtained using deep sequencing for plasma cfDNA; PBMCs obtained 32,401 single-cell expression profiles; and placental tissue obtained 156,546 single-cell expression profiles (59,069, 44,921, and 52,556 for CAM, PV, and DB, respectively). The cells in the PBMC and placenta were clustered and annotated into five and eight cell types, respectively. A "DEPICT" gene expression prediction model was successfully constructed using deep neural networks. The predicted correlation coefficients were 0.75 in PBMCs, 0.84 in the placenta, and 0.78, 0.80, and 0.77 in CAM, BP, and PV respectively, and greater than 0.68 in different cell lines in the placenta. CONCLUSION The DEPICT model, which can noninvasively predict placental gene expression profiles based on maternal plasma cfDNA fragmentation characteristics, was constructed to overcome the limitation of the inability to obtain real-time placental gene expression profiles and to improve research on noninvasive prediction of placental origin pregnancy syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Guo
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Fenxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuyan Gong
- Beijing SeekGene BioSciences Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Tan
- ICU of Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan 528403, China
| | - Chao Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenbo Hao
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xuexi Yang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Salmeri N, Carbone IF, Cavoretto PI, Farina A, Morano D. Epigenetics Beyond Fetal Growth Restriction: A Comprehensive Overview. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:607-626. [PMID: 36028645 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction is a pathological condition occurring when the fetus does not reach the genetically determined growth potential. The etiology of fetal growth restriction is expected to be multifactorial and include fetal, maternal, and placental factors, the latter being the most frequent cause of isolated fetal growth restriction. Severe fetal growth restriction has been related to both an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality, and also a greater susceptibility to developing diseases (especially cardio-metabolic and neurological disorders) later in life. In the last decade, emerging evidence has supported the hypothesis of the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease, which states that individual developmental 'programming' takes place via a delicate fine tuning of fetal genetic and epigenetic marks in response to a large variety of 'stressor' exposures during pregnancy. As the placenta is the maternal-fetal interface, it has a crucial role in fetal programming, such that any perturbation altering placental function interferes with both in-utero fetal growth and also with the adult life phenotype. Several epigenetic mechanisms have been highlighted in modulating the dynamic placental epigenome, including alterations in DNA methylation status, post-translational modification of histones, and non-coding RNAs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical overview of the available literature on the epigenetic background of fetal growth restriction. A targeted research strategy was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and The Cochrane Library up to January 2022. A detailed and fully referenced synthesis of available literature following the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles guidelines is provided. A variety of epigenetic marks predominantly interfering with placental development, function, and metabolism were found to be potentially associated with fetal growth restriction. Available evidence on the role of environmental exposures in shaping the placental epigenome and the fetal phenotype were also critically discussed. Because of the highly dynamic crosstalk between epigenetic mechanisms and the extra level of complexity in interpreting the final placental transcriptome, a full comprehension of these phenomenon is still lacking and advances in multi-omics approaches are urgently needed. Elucidating the role of epigenetics in the developmental origins of health and disease represents a new challenge for the coming years, with the goal of providing early interventions and prevention strategies and, hopefully, new treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Salmeri
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilma Floriana Carbone
- Unit of Obstetrics, Department of Woman, Child and Neonate, Mangiagalli Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ivo Cavoretto
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Danila Morano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, University of Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
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Dublin S, Idu A, Avalos LA, Cheetham TC, Easterling TR, Chen L, Holt VL, Nance N, Bider-Canfield Z, Neugebauer RS, Reynolds K, Badon SE, Shortreed SM. Maternal and neonatal outcomes of antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268284. [PMID: 35576217 PMCID: PMC9109931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare maternal and infant outcomes with different antihypertensive medications in pregnancy. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Kaiser Permanente, a large healthcare system in the United States. Population Women aged 15–49 years with a singleton birth from 2005–2014 treated for hypertension. Methods We identified medication exposure from automated pharmacy data based on the earliest dispensing after the first prenatal visit. Using logistic regression, we calculated weighted outcome prevalences, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals, with inverse probability of treatment weighting to address confounding. Main outcome measures Small for gestational age, preterm delivery, neonatal and maternal intensive care unit (ICU) admission, preeclampsia, and stillbirth or termination at > 20 weeks. Results Among 6346 deliveries, 87% with chronic hypertension, the risk of the infant being small for gestational age (birthweight < 10th percentile) was lower with methyldopa than labetalol (prevalence 13.6% vs. 16.6%; aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.92). For birthweight < 3rd percentile the aOR was 0.57 (0.39 to 0.80). Compared with labetalol (26.0%), risk of preterm delivery was similar for methyldopa (26.5%; aOR 1.10 [0.95 to 1.27]) and slightly higher for nifedipine (28.5%; aOR 1.25 [1.06 to 1.46]) and other β-blockers (31.2%; aOR 1.58 [1.07 to 2.23]). Neonatal ICU admission was more common with nifedipine than labetalol (25.9% vs. 23.3%, aOR 1.21 [1.02 to 1.43]) but not elevated with methyldopa. Risks of other outcomes did not differ by medication. Conclusions Risk of most outcomes was similar comparing labetalol, methyldopa and nifedipine. Risk of the infant being small for gestational age was substantially lower for methyldopa, suggesting this medication may warrant further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Dublin
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Abisola Idu
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lyndsay A. Avalos
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - T. Craig Cheetham
- School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Easterling
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lu Chen
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Victoria L. Holt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nerissa Nance
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Zoe Bider-Canfield
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Romain S. Neugebauer
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Kristi Reynolds
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Sylvia E. Badon
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Shortreed
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Cui J, Kang X, Shan Y, Zhang M, Gao Y, Wu W, Chen L. miR-1227-3p participates in the development of fetal growth restriction via regulating trophoblast cell proliferation and apoptosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6374. [PMID: 35430618 PMCID: PMC9013361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common obstetric disease, which is harmful to the pregnant women and fetuses. It has many influencing factors, but the specific etiology is not clear. MiRNA plays an important role in the fetal growth and development. In this article, we use TaqMan Low-Density Array to screen and analyze the differently expressed miRNAs in FGR-affected placenta (n = 40) and the normal placenta (n = 40). A total of 139 abnormally expressed miRNAs in the FGR-affected placenta were identified, and miR-1227-3p was the most highly downregulated miRNA. Importantly, miR-1227-3p may promote the proliferation in HTR-8/SVneo cells, while inhibited the apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells. DAVID was used to analyze the pathway enrichment of target genes of miR-1227-3p to predict its mechanism of action. Furthermore, the putative targets of miR-1227-3p were predicted using the TargetScan, PicTar, DIANA LAB, and miRWalk database. The potential expression of target genes of miR-1227-3p, including PRKAB2, AKT1, PIK3R3, and MKNK1 were significantly increased in FGR-affected placenta. Taken together, miR-1227-3p may participate in the development of FGR via regulating trophoblast cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting genes involved in the insulin pathway. MiR-1227-3p may have a potential clinical value in the prevention and treatment of FGR, we need to study further to prove its value in the future.
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Xu S, Wang W, Li Q, Huang L, Chen X, Zhang X, Wang X, Han W, Hu X, Yang X, Hao L, Xiong G, Yang N. Association of Maternal Longitudinal Hemoglobin with Small for Gestational Age during Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071403. [PMID: 35406016 PMCID: PMC9003216 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Few studies have investigated the association of maternal longitudinal hemoglobin (Hb) with small for gestational age during pregnancy. The current study examined the associations of maternal Hb concentrations and Hb changes throughout the middle and late stages of pregnancy with small for gestational age (SGA) in a large prospective cohort study. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study, which enrolled pregnant women at 8−16 weeks of gestation and followed up regularly. Maternal Hb concentrations were measured at the middle (14−27 weeks) and late (28−42 weeks) stages of pregnancy, and the Hb change from the middle to late stage of pregnancy was assessed. The Log-Poisson regression model was used to identify the association of maternal Hb with SGA, including the implications of Hb during specific pregnancy periods and Hb change across the middle to late stages of pregnancy. Of the total 3233 singleton live births, 208 (6.4%) were SGA. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with Hb 110−119 g/L, Hb ≥ 130 g/L at late pregnancy was significantly associated with a higher risk of SGA (adjusted RR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.49, 3.13). When Hb changes from the middle to late stages of pregnancy were classified by tertiles, the greatest change in the Hb group (<−6.0 g/L) was significantly associated with a lower risk of SGA (adjusted RR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.85) compared with the intermediate group (−6.0~1.9 g/L). In conclusion, for women at low risk of iron deficiency, both higher Hb concentrations in late pregnancy and less Hb reduction during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of SGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzhi Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Qian Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Li Huang
- Shenzhen Baoan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518101, China;
| | - Xi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Weizhen Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430014, China; (W.H.); (G.X.)
| | - Xingwen Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Liping Hao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Guoping Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430014, China; (W.H.); (G.X.)
| | - Nianhong Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (S.X.); (W.W.); (Q.L.); (X.C.); (X.Z.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-83650521
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Ling L, Chen T, Zhang XH, Pan MH, Gong HH, Zhang LN, Zhao M, Chen XQ, Cui SD, Lu C. Risk Factors for Short Stature in Children Born Small for Gestational Age at Full-Term. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:833606. [PMID: 35813392 PMCID: PMC9256917 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.833606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with short stature in children born small for gestational age (SGA) at full-term. METHODS This was a retrospective study. The subjects were full-term SGA infants who were followed up until the age of 2 years. The risk factors for short stature were identified with univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Of 456 full-term SGA children enrolled in this study, 28 cases had short stature at 2 years of age. A significant decrease in placental perfusion was found in the short children group with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) technology, which was an advanced bi-exponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) model of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (p = 0.012). Compared to non-short children born SGA at full-term, the short children group underwent an incomplete catch-up growth. Mothers who suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus were more likely to have a short child born SGA (p = 0.023). The morbidity of giant placental chorioangioma was higher in the short children group. The pulsatility index (PI), resistivity index (RI), and systolic-diastolic (S/D) ratio of umbilical artery were higher in the short children group than in the non-short control group (p = 0.042, 0.041, and 0.043). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that decrease of perfusion fraction (f p) in IVIM of placental MRI, chromosomal abnormalities, short parental height, and absence of catch-up growth were associated with a higher risk of short stature in children born SGA at full-term. CONCLUSION Risk factors for short stature in full-term SGA children at 2 years of age included a decrease of perfusion fraction f p in IVIM of placental MRI, chromosomal abnormalities, and short parental height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ling
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Children's Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Hong Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Hong Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Dong Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Tshering S, Dorji N, Youden S, Wangchuk D. Maternal sirolimus therapy and fetal growth restriction. Arch Clin Cases 2021; 8:19-24. [PMID: 34754935 PMCID: PMC8565690 DOI: 10.22551/2021.31.0802.10180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction associated with continued maternal sirolimus therapy in pregnancy has not been reported. We hereby present a case of maternal sirolimus therapy resulting in fetal growth restriction and propose a multi-hit model. This hypothetic model is based on inhibition of mTOR signaling pathway and epigenetic modulation. This case report adds to the paucity of literature on continued monotherapeutic maternal sirolimus in pregnancy and its adverse fetal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangay Tshering
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Namkha Dorji
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Sonam Youden
- Faculty of Post Graduate Medicine, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Dorji Wangchuk
- Faculty of Post Graduate Medicine, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan
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Caniçais C, Vasconcelos S, Ramalho C, Marques CJ, Dória S. Deregulation of imprinted genes expression and epigenetic regulators in placental tissue from intrauterine growth restriction. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:791-801. [PMID: 33389447 PMCID: PMC8079450 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-02047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a fetal growth complication that can be caused by ineffective nutrient transfer from the mother to the fetus via the placenta. Abnormal placental development and function have been correlated with abnormal expression of imprinted genes, which are regulated by epigenetic modifications at imprinting control regions (ICRs). In this study, we analyzed the expression of imprinted genes known to be involved in fetal growth and epigenetic regulators involved in DNA methylation, as well as DNA methylation at the KvDMR1 imprinting control region and global levels of DNA hydroxymethylation, in IUGR cases. METHODS Expression levels of imprinted genes and epigenetic regulators were analyzed in term placental samples from 21 IUGR cases and 9 non-IUGR (control) samples, by RT-qPCR. Additionally, KvDMR1 methylation was analyzed by bisulfite sequencing and combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) techniques. Moreover, global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation levels were also measured. RESULTS We observed increased expression of PHLDA2, CDKN1C, and PEG10 imprinted genes and of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and TET3 epigenetic regulators in IUGR placentas. No differences in methylation levels at the KvDMR1 were observed between the IUGR and control groups; similarly, no differences in global DNA methylation and hydromethylation were detected. CONCLUSION Our study shows that deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms, namely increased expression of imprinted genes and epigenetic regulators, might be associated with IUGR etiology. Therefore, this study adds knowledge to the molecular mechanisms underlying IUGR, which may contribute to novel prediction tools and future therapeutic options for the management of IUGR pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Caniçais
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Vasconcelos
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Ramalho
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Joana Marques
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sofia Dória
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal.
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Extensive Placental Methylation Profiling in Normal Pregnancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042136. [PMID: 33669975 PMCID: PMC7924820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The placental methylation pattern is crucial for the regulation of genes involved in trophoblast invasion and placental development, both key events for fetal growth. We investigated LINE-1 methylation and methylome profiling using a methylation EPIC array and the targeted methylation sequencing of 154 normal, full-term pregnancies, stratified by birth weight percentiles. LINE-1 methylation showed evidence of a more pronounced hypomethylation in small neonates compared with normal and large for gestational age. Genome-wide methylation, performed in two subsets of pregnancies, showed very similar methylation profiles among cord blood samples while placentae from different pregnancies appeared very variable. A unique methylation profile emerged in each placenta, which could represent the sum of adjustments that the placenta made during the pregnancy to preserve the epigenetic homeostasis of the fetus. Investigations into the 1000 most variable sites between cord blood and the placenta showed that promoters and gene bodies that are hypermethylated in the placenta are associated with blood-specific functions, whereas those that are hypomethylated belong mainly to pathways involved in cancer. These features support the functional analogies between a placenta and cancer. Our results, which provide a comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation profiling in the human placenta, suggest that its peculiar dynamicity can be relevant for understanding placental plasticity in response to the environment.
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Scher MS. "The First Thousand Days" Define a Fetal/Neonatal Neurology Program. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:683138. [PMID: 34408995 PMCID: PMC8365757 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.683138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-environment interactions begin at conception to influence maternal/placental/fetal triads, neonates, and children with short- and long-term effects on brain development. Life-long developmental neuroplasticity more likely results during critical/sensitive periods of brain maturation over these first 1,000 days. A fetal/neonatal program (FNNP) applying this perspective better identifies trimester-specific mechanisms affecting the maternal/placental/fetal (MPF) triad, expressed as brain malformations and destructive lesions. Maladaptive MPF triad interactions impair progenitor neuronal/glial populations within transient embryonic/fetal brain structures by processes such as maternal immune activation. Destructive fetal brain lesions later in pregnancy result from ischemic placental syndromes associated with the great obstetrical syndromes. Trimester-specific MPF triad diseases may negatively impact labor and delivery outcomes. Neonatal neurocritical care addresses the symptomatic minority who express the great neonatal neurological syndromes: encephalopathy, seizures, stroke, and encephalopathy of prematurity. The asymptomatic majority present with neurologic disorders before 2 years of age without prior detection. The developmental principle of ontogenetic adaptation helps guide the diagnostic process during the first 1,000 days to identify more phenotypes using systems-biology analyses. This strategy will foster innovative interdisciplinary diagnostic/therapeutic pathways, educational curricula, and research agenda among multiple FNNP. Effective early-life diagnostic/therapeutic programs will help reduce neurologic disease burden across the lifespan and successive generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Scher
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Fetal/Neonatal Neurology Program, Emeritus Scholar Tenured Full Professor in Pediatrics and Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Severe preeclampsia is associated with a higher relative abundance of Prevotella bivia in the vaginal microbiota. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18249. [PMID: 33106556 PMCID: PMC7588441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to compare the vaginal microbiota profiles of Taiwanese women with severe preeclampsia (SPE) and normotensive control pregnancies. In a discovery cohort, vaginal swab samples and paired blood specimens were simultaneously obtained at the time of caesarean delivery from 30 women with SPE and 30 controls. The composition of vaginal microbiota was characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of the V3–V4 region. Results were subsequently validated by real-time qPCR. We sought confirmation of our findings in an expanded cohort consisting of 58 women with SPE and 55 controls. In both the discovery and confirmation cohorts, women with SPE had higher relative abundance of Prevotella bivia in their vaginal microbial community (P = 0.006 and 0.011, respectively). Plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were higher when compared with controls (P = 0.031) in the confirmation cohort. Three variables (vaginal Prevotella bivia, plasma TNF-α, and body mass index [BMI]) were included in a prediction panel for SPE. Of these, BMI was the most predictive variable. The area under the curve (AUC) of predicted probability values for the three-variable panel revealed that it can discriminate between SPE and normotensive pregnancies with good accuracy (AUC = 0.797, P < 0.001). We conclude that enrichment of Prevotella bivia in vaginal microbiota, which is tightly regulated by BMI, may be involved in the pathogenesis of SPE.
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