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Shrestha A, Shim J, Mangat PK, Dhaliwal LK, Sweeney M, Angeles-Shim RB. Genetic Analysis of an F 2 Population Derived from the Cotton Landrace Hopi Identified Novel Loci for Boll Glanding. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7080. [PMID: 39000183 PMCID: PMC11241279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Landraces are an important reservoir of genetic variation that can expand the narrow genetic base of cultivated cotton. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was conducted using an F2 population developed from crosses between the landrace Hopi and inbred TM-1. A high-density genetic map spanning 2253.11 and 1932.21 cM for the A and D sub-genomes, respectively, with an average marker interval of 1.14 cM, was generated using the CottonSNP63K array. The linkage map showed a strong co-linearity with the physical map of cotton. A total of 21 QTLs were identified, controlling plant height (1), bract type (1), boll number (1), stem color (2), boll pitting (2), fuzz fiber development (2), boll shape (3), boll point (4), and boll glanding (5). In silico analysis of the novel QTLs for boll glanding identified a total of 13 candidate genes. Analysis of tissue-specific expression of the candidate genes suggests roles for the transcription factors bHLH1, MYB2, and ZF1 in gland formation. Comparative sequencing of open reading frames identified early stop codons in all three transcription factors in Hopi. Functional validation of these genes offers avenues to reduce glanding and, consequently, lower gossypol levels in cottonseeds without compromising the defense mechanisms of the plant against biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Shrestha
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.S.); (J.S.); (P.K.M.); (L.K.D.)
| | - Junghyun Shim
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.S.); (J.S.); (P.K.M.); (L.K.D.)
| | - Puneet Kaur Mangat
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.S.); (J.S.); (P.K.M.); (L.K.D.)
| | - Lakhvir Kaur Dhaliwal
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.S.); (J.S.); (P.K.M.); (L.K.D.)
| | - Megan Sweeney
- BASF Corporation, 407 Davis Drive, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA;
| | - Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Davis College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.S.); (J.S.); (P.K.M.); (L.K.D.)
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2
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Cao Z, Wang L, Huang D, Wu G, Li X, Yue Y, Yu Y, Yu R, Fan Y. Identification and functional analysis of floral terpene synthase genes in Curcuma alismatifolia. PLANTA 2024; 260:26. [PMID: 38861179 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION CaTPS2 and CaTPS3 were significantly expressed in flowers of Curcuma alismatifolia 'Shadow' and demonstrated bifunctional enzyme activity, CaTPS2 generated linalool and nerolidol as products, and CaTPS3 catalyzed β-myrcene and β-farnesene formation. This study presents the discovery and functional characterization of floral terpene synthase (TPS) genes in Curcuma alismatifolia 'Shadow', a cultivar renowned for its unique fragrance. Addressing the gap in understanding the genetic basis of floral scent in this species, we identified eight TPS genes through comprehensive transcriptome sequencing. Among these, CaTPS2 and CaTPS3 were significantly expressed in floral tissues and demonstrated bifunctional enzyme activity corresponding to the major volatile compounds detected in 'Shadow'. Functional analyses, including in vitro assays complemented with rigorous controls and alternative identification methods, elucidated the roles of these TPS genes in terpenoid biosynthesis. In vitro studies were conducted via heterologous expression in E. coli, followed by purification of the recombinant protein using affinity chromatography, enzyme assays were performed with GPP/FPP as the substrate, and volatile products were inserted into the GC-MS for analysis. Partially purified recombinant protein of CaTPS2 catalyzed GPP and FPP to produce linalool and nerolidol, respectively, while partially purified recombinant protein of CaTPS3 generated β-myrcene and β-farnesene with GPP and FPP as substrates, respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR further validated the expression patterns of these genes, correlating with terpenoid accumulation in different plant tissues. Our findings illuminate the molecular mechanisms underpinning floral fragrance in C. alismatifolia and provide a foundation for future genetic enhancements of floral scent in ornamental plants. This study, therefore, contributes to the broader understanding of terpenoid biosynthesis in plant fragrances, paving the way for biotechnological applications in horticulture plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Cao
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lan Wang
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Di Huang
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guilan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuechong Yue
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yunyi Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Chen D, Wang Q, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zuo P, Guo Y, Shen Z. Preservative effects of Osmanthus fragrans flower flavonoids on fresh-cut Yuluxiang pear. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29748. [PMID: 38694105 PMCID: PMC11058293 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans flower flavonoids (OFFF) possess superior antioxidant and antibacterial activities. However, scant information exists on the efficacy of these secondary metabolites as preservatives for fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. Here, OFFF were tested as a natural preservative for the first time in fresh-cut Yuluxiang pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) to assess effects on fruit quality. OFFF-treated samples showed significant retention of firmness, titratable acid, soluble solid content, and weight. Moreover, OFFF maintained the original fruit color, inhibited the decline of total phenol, reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging power, and diminished polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase oxidase activities. Furthermore, OFFF treatment effectively inhibited microbial growth. OFFF-treated samples also displayed better sensory quality. Considering cost and effectiveness, the most suitable concentrations of OFFF extract for fresh-cut Yuluxiang pear preservation were 0.7 and 0.9 mg/mL. The results indicate that OFFF treatment may be a potent strategy to inhibit browning and enhance nutritional properties of fresh-cut pear fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixin Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yingjun Yang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Peijie Zuo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Zhiguo Shen
- Henan Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
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Zhang X, Xu Z, Liu B, Xiao Y, Chai L, Zhong L, Huo H, Liu L, Yang H, Liu H. Identification of MYB gene family in medicinal tea tree Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) cheel and analysis of members regulating terpene biosynthesis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:70. [PMID: 38175288 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) is renowned for its production of tea tree oil, an essential oil primarily composed of terpenes extracted from its shoot. MYB transcription factors, which are one of the largest TF families, play a crucial role in regulating primary and secondary metabolite synthesis. However, knowledge of the MYB gene family in M. alternifolia is limited. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of MYB genes in M. alternifolia, referred to as MaMYBs, including phylogenetic relationships, structures, promoter regions, and GO annotations. Our findings classified 219 MaMYBs into four subfamilies: one 5R-MYB, four 3R-MYBs, sixty-one MYB-related, and the remaining 153 are all 2R-MYBs. Seven genes (MYB189, MYB146, MYB44, MYB29, MYB175, MYB162, and MYB160) were linked to terpenoid synthesis based on GO annotation. Phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis homologous MYB genes suggested that MYB193 and MYB163 may also be involved in terpenoid synthesis. Additionally, through correlation analysis of gene expression and metabolite content, we identified 42 MYB genes associated with metabolite content. CONCLUSION The results provide valuable insights into the importance of MYB transcription factors in essential oil production in M. alternifolia. These findings lay the groundwork for a better understanding of the MYB regulatory network and the development of novel strategies to enhance essential oil synthesis in M. alternifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Zhanwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Buming Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yufei Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Ling Chai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Lianxiang Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Heqiang Huo
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Apopka, 32703, FL, USA
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Hailong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China.
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Dötterl S, Gershenzon J. Chemistry, biosynthesis and biology of floral volatiles: roles in pollination and other functions. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1901-1937. [PMID: 37661854 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2023Floral volatiles are a chemically diverse group of plant metabolites that serve multiple functions. Their composition is shaped by environmental, ecological and evolutionary factors. This review will summarize recent advances in floral scent research from chemical, molecular and ecological perspectives. It will focus on the major chemical classes of floral volatiles, on notable new structures, and on recent discoveries regarding the biosynthesis and the regulation of volatile emission. Special attention will be devoted to the various functions of floral volatiles, not only as attractants for different types of pollinators, but also as defenses of flowers against enemies. We will also summarize recent findings on how floral volatiles are affected by abiotic stressors, such as increased temperatures and drought, and by other organisms, such as herbivores and flower-dwelling microbes. Finally, this review will indicate current research gaps, such as the very limited knowledge of the isomeric pattern of chiral compounds and its importance in interspecific interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dötterl
- Department of Environment & Biodiversity, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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Lu Z, Wang X, Mostafa S, Noor I, Lin X, Ren S, Cui J, Jin B. WRKY Transcription Factors in Jasminum sambac: An Insight into the Regulation of Aroma Synthesis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1679. [PMID: 38136552 PMCID: PMC10742223 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are one of the largest families of transcription regulators that play essential roles in regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. Jasmine (Jasminum sambac), renowned for its aromatic nature and fragrant blossoms, possesses a significant abundance of volatile terpene compounds. However, the role of the WRKY family in terpene synthesis in jasmine remains undetermined. In this study, 72 WRKY family genes of J. sambac were identified with their conserved WRKY domains and were categorized into three main groups based on their structural and phylogenetic characteristics. The extensive segmental duplications contributed to the expansion of the WRKY gene family. Expression profiles derived from the transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analysis showed that the majority of JsWRKY genes were significantly upregulated in fully bloomed flowers compared to buds. Furthermore, multiple correlation analyses revealed that the expression patterns of JsWRKYs (JsWRKY27/33/45/51/55/57) were correlated with both distinct terpene compounds (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes). Notably, the majority of jasmine terpene synthase (JsTPS) genes related to terpene synthesis and containing W-box elements exhibited a significant correlation with JsWRKYs, particularly with JsWRKY51, displaying a strong positive correlation. A subcellular localization analysis showed that JsWRKY51 was localized in the nucleus. Moreover, transgenic tobacco leaves and jasmine calli experiments demonstrated that overexpression of JsWRKY51 was a key factor in enhancing the accumulation of β-ocimene, which is an important aromatic terpene component. Collectively, our findings suggest the roles of JsWRKY51 and other JsWRKYs in regulating the synthesis of aromatic compounds in J. sambac, providing a foundation for the potential utilization of JsWRKYs to facilitate the breeding of fragrant plant varieties with an improved aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaogeng Lu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinwen Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Salma Mostafa
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Iqra Noor
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinyi Lin
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Shixiong Ren
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiawen Cui
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.L.); (X.W.)
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7
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Lan Y, Zhang K, Wang L, Liang X, Liu H, Zhang X, Jiang N, Wu M, Yan H, Xiang Y. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor OfMYB21 positively regulates linalool biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans flowers. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126099. [PMID: 37543267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans is a well-known landscape ornamental tree species for its pleasing floral fragrance and abundance of flowers. Linalool, the core floral volatiles of O. fragrans, has tremendous economic value in the pharmaceuticals, cleaning products and cosmetics industries. However, the transcriptional regulatory network for the biosynthesis of linalool in O. fragrans remains unclear. Here, OfMYB21, a potential transcription factor regulating the linalool synthetase OfTPS2, was identified using RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR analysis. Yeast one-hybrid, dual-luciferase and EMSA showed that OfMYB21 directly binds to the promoter of OfTPS2 and activates its expression. Overexpression of OfMYB21 in the petals of O. fragrans led to up-regulation of OfTPS2 and increased accumulation of linalool, while silencing of OfMYB21 led to down-regulation of OfTPS2 and decreased biosynthesis of linalool. Subsequently, yeast two-hybrid, pull-down and BiFC experiments showed that OfMYB21 interacts with JA signaling factors OfJAZ2/3 and OfMYC2. Interestingly, the interaction between OfMYC2 and OfMYB21 further enhanced the transcription of OfTPS2, whereas OfJAZ3 attenuated this effect. Overall, our studies provided novel finding on the regulatory mechanisms responsible for the biosynthesis of the volatile monoterpenoid linalool in O. fragrans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangang Lan
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kaimei Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Honxia Liu
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Nianqin Jiang
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Min Wu
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hanwei Yan
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Wang Y, Zou J, Li J, Kong F, Xu L, Xu D, Li J, Yang H, Zhang L, Li T, Fan H. Identification and functional analysis of ZmDLS associated with the response to biotic stress in maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1162826. [PMID: 37546249 PMCID: PMC10399692 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes are the main class of secondary metabolites produced in response to pest and germ attacks. In maize (Zea mays L.), they are the essential components of the herbivore-induced plant volatile mixture, which functioned as a direct or indirect defense against pest and germ attacks. In this study, 43 maize terpene synthase gene (ZmTPS) family members were systematically identified and analyzed through the whole genomes of maize. Nine genes, including Zm00001d032230, Zm00001d045054, Zm00001d024486, Zm00001d004279, Zm00001d002351, Zm00001d002350, Zm00001d053916, Zm00001d015053, and Zm00001d015054, were isolated for their differential expression pattern in leaves after corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) bite. Additionally, six genes (Zm00001d045054, Zm00001d024486, Zm00001d002351, Zm00001d002350, Zm00001d015053, and Zm00001d015054) were significantly upregulated in response to corn borer bite. Among them, Zm00001d045054 was cloned. Heterologous expression and enzyme activity assays revealed that Zm00001d045054 functioned as d-limonene synthase. It was renamed ZmDLS. Further analysis demonstrated that its expression was upregulated in response to corn borer bites and Fusarium graminearum attacks. The mutant of ZmDLS downregulated the expressions of Zm00001d024486, Zm00001d002351, Zm00001d002350, Zm00001d015053, and Zm00001d015054. It was more attractive to corn borer bites and more susceptible to F. graminearum infection. The yeast one-hybrid assay and dual-luciferase assay showed that ZmMYB76 and ZmMYB101 could upregulate the expression of ZmDLS by binding to the promoter region. This study may provide a theoretical basis for the functional analysis and transcriptional regulation of terpene synthase genes in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Zou
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiali Li
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Fanna Kong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Lina Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Dafeng Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Huaying Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Tingchun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Honghong Fan
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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9
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Yang J, Gu T, Lu Y, Xu Y, Gan RY, Ng SB, Sun Q, Peng Y. Edible Osmanthus fragrans flowers: aroma and functional components, beneficial functions, and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:10055-10068. [PMID: 37287270 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2220130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans (O. fragrans) has been cultivated in China for over 2,500 years as a traditional fragrant plant. Recently, O. fragrans has drawn increasing attention due to its unique aroma and potential health benefits. In this review, the aroma and functional components of O. fragrans are summarized, and their biosynthetic mechanism is discussed. The beneficial functions and related molecular mechanism of O. fragrans extract are then highlighted. Finally, potential applications of O. fragrans are summarized, and future perspectives are proposed and discussed. According to the current research, O. fragrans extracts and components have great potential to be developed into value-added functional ingredients with preventive effects on certain chronic diseases. However, it is crucial to develop efficient, large-scale, and commercially viable extraction methods to obtain the bioactive components from O. fragrans. Furthermore, more clinical studies are highly needed to explore the beneficial functions of O. fragrans and guide its development into functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ting Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongtong Lu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | | | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Bee Ng
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quancai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
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10
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Ren L, Wan W, Yin D, Deng X, Ma Z, Gao T, Cao X. Genome-wide analysis of WRKY transcription factor genes in Toona sinensis: An insight into evolutionary characteristics and terpene synthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1063850. [PMID: 36743538 PMCID: PMC9895799 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1063850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs), one of the largest TF families, serve critical roles in the regulation of secondary metabolite production. However, little is known about the expression pattern of WRKY genes during the germination and maturation processes of Toona sinensis buds. In the present study, the new assembly of the T. sinensis genome was used for the identification of 78 TsWRKY genes, including gene structures, phylogenetic features, chromosomal locations, conserved protein domains, cis-regulatory elements, synteny, and expression profiles. Gene duplication analysis revealed that gene tandem and segmental duplication events drove the expansion of the TsWRKYs family, with the latter playing a key role in the creation of new TsWRKY genes. The synteny and evolutionary constraint analyses of the WRKY proteins among T. sinensis and several distinct species provided more detailed evidence of gene evolution for TsWRKYs. Besides, the expression patterns and co-expression network analysis show TsWRKYs may multi-genes co-participate in regulating terpenoid biosynthesis. The findings revealed that TsWRKYs potentially play a regulatory role in secondary metabolite synthesis, forming the basis for further functional characterization of WRKY genes with the intention of improving T. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ren
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Biological and Food Engineering School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
- Horticultural Institute, Fuyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuyang, China
| | - Wenyang Wan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Biological and Food Engineering School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Dandan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Biological and Food Engineering School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Xianhui Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Biological and Food Engineering School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Zongxin Ma
- Horticultural Institute, Fuyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuyang, China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Biological and Food Engineering School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
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11
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Zhang H, Liu Z, Luo R, Sun Y, Yang C, Li X, Gao A, Pu J. Genome-Wide Characterization, Identification and Expression Profile of MYB Transcription Factor Gene Family during Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Mango ( Mangifera indica). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223141. [PMID: 36432870 PMCID: PMC9699602 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica) is an economically important fruit tree, and is cultivated in tropical, subtropical, and dry-hot valley areas around the world. Mango fruits have high nutritional value, and are mainly consumed fresh and used for commercial purposes. Mango is affected by various environmental factors during its growth and development. The MYB transcription factors participates in various physiological activities of plants, such as phytohormone signal transduction and disease resistance. In this study, 54 MiMYB transcription factors were identified in the mango genome (371.6 Mb). A phylogenetic tree was drawn based on the amino acid sequences of 222 MYB proteins of mango and Arabidopsis. The phylogenetic tree showed that the members of the mango MYB gene family were divided into 7 group, including Groups 1, -3, -4, -5, -6, -8, and -9. Ka/Ks ratios generally indicated that the MiMYBs of mango were affected by negative or positive selection. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the transcription levels of MiMYBs were different under abiotic and biotic stresses, including salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and H2O2 treatments, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae infection, respectively. The transcript levels of MiMYB5, -35, -36, and -54 simultaneously responded positively to early treatments with salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and H2O2. The transcript level of MiMYB54 was activated by pathogenic fungal and bacterial infection. These results are beneficial for future interested researchers aiming to understand the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of MiMYB genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550225, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Mango, College of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, Baise 533000, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Agricultural, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550225, China
| | - Ruixiong Luo
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Cuifeng Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Mango, College of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xi Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Mango, College of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, Baise 533000, China
| | - Aiping Gao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jinji Pu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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12
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Xia P, Hu W, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Yan K, Liang Z. Structural and interactions analysis of a transcription factor PnMYB2 in Panax notoginseng. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 275:153756. [PMID: 35767909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The main active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Panax notoginseng, are the Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS). They can be synthesized via the mevalonate pathway; PnSS and PnSE1 are the key rate-limiting enzymes in this pathway. In this study, an interaction between PnMYB2 and the key enzymes was identified and characterized from the P. notoginseng cDNA library using the Y1H technique. Subsequently, X-α-gal color reaction confirmed the interaction between PnMYB2 and the upstream sequences of PnSS and PnSE1 promoters. Full-length cDNA sequence of PnMYB2 was isolated and characterized. PnMYB2 has an open reading frame of 864 bp, encoding 287 amino acids. 3D structural analysis of PnMYB2 indicated that its structure was similar to that of the template. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PnMYB2 and PgMYB2 are highly homologous and belong to the R2R3 MYB transcription factor (TF). Subcellular localization analysis showed that PnMYB2 was localized in the nucleus. The recombinant protein PnMYB2 was successfully obtained through prokaryotic expression and was confirmed to be an inclusion body protein. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) experiments demonstrated that PnMYB2 specifically binds to MYB core and AC-rich elements. This study provides a theoretical basis for transcriptional regulation of saponin biosynthesis in P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengguo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Wanying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yujie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Sanqi Research, Wenshan University, Wenshan, 663000, China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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13
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Yan X, Ding W, Wu X, Wang L, Yang X, Yue Y. Insights Into the MYB-Related Transcription Factors Involved in Regulating Floral Aroma Synthesis in Sweet Osmanthus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:765213. [PMID: 35356120 PMCID: PMC8959829 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.765213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an important member of the MYB transcription factor (TF) family, the MYB-related TFs play multiple roles in regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites and developmental processes, as well as in response to numerous biotic and abiotic stressors in plants. However, little is known regarding their roles in regulating the formation of floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of MYB-related proteins in sweet osmanthus; 212 OfMYB-related TFs were divided into three distinct subgroups based on the phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we found that the expansion of the OfMYB-related genes occurred primarily through segmental duplication events, and purifying selection occurred in all duplicated gene pairs. RNA-seq data revealed that the OfMYB-related genes were widely expressed in different organs of sweet osmanthus, and some showed flower organ/development stage-preferential expression patterns. Here, three OfMYB-related genes (OfMYB1R70/114/201), which were expressed nuclearly in floral organs, were found to be significantly involved in regulating the synthesis of floral VOCs. Only, OfMYB1R201 had transcriptional activity, thus implying that this gene participates in regulating the expression of VOC synthesis related genes. Remarkably, the transient expression results suggested that OfMYB1R70, OfMYB1R114, and OfMYB1R201 are involved in the regulation of VOC synthesis; OfMYB1R114 and OfMYB1R70 are involved in accelerating β-ionone formation. In contrast, OfMYB1R201 decreases the synthesis of β-ionone. Our results deepen our knowledge of the functions of MYB-related TFs and provide critical candidate genes for the floral aroma breeding of sweet osmanthus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Ding
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianggui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiulian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanzheng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Wu Y, Wen J, Xia Y, Zhang L, Du H. Evolution and functional diversification of R2R3-MYB transcription factors in plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac058. [PMID: 35591925 PMCID: PMC9113232 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
R2R3-MYB genes (R2R3-MYBs) form one of the largest transcription factor gene families in the plant kingdom, with substantial structural and functional diversity. However, the evolutionary processes leading to this amazing functional diversity have not yet been clearly established. Recently developed genomic and classical molecular technologies have provided detailed insights into the evolutionary relationships and functions of plant R2R3-MYBs. Here, we review recent genome-level and functional analyses of plant R2R3-MYBs, with an emphasis on their evolution and functional diversification. In land plants, this gene family underwent a large expansion by whole genome duplications and small-scale duplications. Along with this population explosion, a series of functionally conserved or lineage-specific subfamilies/groups arose with roles in three major plant-specific biological processes: development and cell differentiation, specialized metabolism, and biotic and abiotic stresses. The rapid expansion and functional diversification of plant R2R3-MYBs are highly consistent with the increasing complexity of angiosperms. In particular, recently derived R2R3-MYBs with three highly homologous intron patterns (a, b, and c) are disproportionately related to specialized metabolism and have become the predominant subfamilies in land plant genomes. The evolution of plant R2R3-MYBs is an active area of research, and further studies are expected to improve our understanding of the evolution and functional diversification of this gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Wen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yiping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hai Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
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15
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Falginella L, Andre CM, Legay S, Lin-Wang K, Dare AP, Deng C, Rebstock R, Plunkett BJ, Guo L, Cipriani G, Espley RV. Differential regulation of triterpene biosynthesis induced by an early failure in cuticle formation in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:75. [PMID: 33790248 PMCID: PMC8012369 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Waxy apple cuticles predominantly accumulate ursane-type triterpenes, but the profile shifts with the induction of skin russeting towards lupane-type triterpenes. We previously characterised several key enzymes in the ursane-type and lupane-type triterpene pathways, but this switch in triterpene metabolism associated with loss of cuticle integrity is not fully understood. To analyse the relationship between triterpene biosynthesis and russeting, we used microscopy, RNA-sequencing and metabolite profiling during apple fruit development. We compared the skin of three genetically-close clones of 'Golden Delicious' (with waxy, partially russeted and fully russeted skin). We identified a unique molecular profile for the russet clone, including low transcript abundance of multiple cuticle-specific metabolic pathways in the early stages of fruit development. Using correlation analyses between gene transcription and metabolite concentration we found MYB transcription factors strongly associated with lupane-type triterpene biosynthesis. We showed how their transcription changed with the onset of cuticle cracking followed by russeting and that one factor, MYB66, was able to bind the promoter of the oxidosqualene cyclase OSC5, to drive the production of lupeol derivatives. These results provide insights into the breakdown of cuticle integrity leading to russet and how this drives MYB-regulated changes to triterpene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Falginella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Research Center, Vivai Cooperativi Rauscedo, Rauscedo, Italy
| | - Christelle M Andre
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sylvain Legay
- The Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kui Lin-Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew P Dare
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cecilia Deng
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ria Rebstock
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Blue J Plunkett
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lindy Guo
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guido Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Richard V Espley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand.
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