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He Z, Liu X, Qin S, Yang Q, Na J, Xue Z, Zhong L. Anticancer Mechanism of Astragalus Polysaccharide and Its Application in Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:636. [PMID: 38794206 PMCID: PMC11124422 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) derived from A. membranaceus plays a crucial role in traditional Chinese medicine. These polysaccharides have shown antitumor effects and are considered safe. Thus, they have become increasingly important in cancer immunotherapy. APS can limit the spread of cancer by influencing immune cells, promoting cell death, triggering cancer cell autophagy, and impacting the tumor microenvironment. When used in combination with other therapies, APS can enhance treatment outcomes and reduce toxicity and side effects. APS combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, relay cellular immunotherapy, and cancer vaccines have broadened the application of cancer immunotherapy and enhanced treatment effectiveness. By summarizing the research on APS in cancer immunotherapy over the past two decades, this review elaborates on the anticancer mechanism of APS and its use in cancer immunotherapy and clinical trials. Considering the multiple roles of APS, this review emphasizes the importance of using APS as an adjunct to cancer immunotherapy and compares other polysaccharides with APS. This discussion provides insights into the specific mechanism of action of APS, reveals the molecular targets of APS for developing effective clinical strategies, and highlights the wide application of APS in clinical cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing He
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
| | - Simin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
| | - Qun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
| | - Jintong Na
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
| | - Zhigang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
| | - Liping Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (S.Q.); (Q.Y.); (J.N.)
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Niewold TB, Aksentijevich I, Gorevic PD, Gibson G, Yao Q. Genetically transitional disease: conceptual understanding and applicability to rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:301-310. [PMID: 38418715 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In genomic medicine, the concept of genetically transitional disease (GTD) refers to cases in which gene mutation is necessary but not sufficient to cause disease. In this Perspective, we apply this novel concept to rheumatic diseases, which have been linked to hundreds of genetic variants via association studies. These variants are in the 'grey zone' between monogenic variants with large effect sizes and common susceptibility alleles with small effect sizes. Among genes associated with rare autoinflammatory diseases, many low-frequency and/or low-penetrance variants are known to increase susceptibility to systemic inflammation. In autoimmune diseases, hundreds of HLA and non-HLA genetic variants have been revealed to be modest- to moderate-risk alleles. These diseases can be reclassified as GTDs. The same concept could apply to many other human diseases. GTD could improve the reporting of genetic testing results, diagnostic yields, genetic counselling and selection of therapy, as well as facilitating research using a novel approach to human genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy B Niewold
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivona Aksentijevich
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter D Gorevic
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qingping Yao
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Delplanque M, Benech N, Rolhion N, Oeuvray C, Straube M, Galbert C, Brot L, Henry T, Jamilloux Y, Savey L, Grateau G, Sokol H, Georgin-Lavialle S. Gut microbiota alterations are associated with phenotype and genotype in familial Mediterranean fever. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:1039-1048. [PMID: 37402619 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FMF is the most common monogenic autoinflammatory disease associated with MEFV mutations. Disease phenotype and response to treatment vary from one patient to another, despite similar genotype, suggesting the role of environmental factors. The objective of this study was to analyse the gut microbiota of a large cohort of FMF patients in relation to disease characteristics. METHODS The gut microbiotas of 119 FMF patients and 61 healthy controls were analysed using 16 s rRNA gene sequencing. Associations between bacterial taxa, clinical characteristics, and genotypes were evaluated using multivariable association with linear models (MaAslin2), adjusting on age, sex, genotype, presence of AA amyloidosis (n = 17), hepatopathy (n = 5), colchicine intake, colchicine resistance (n = 27), use of biotherapy (n = 10), CRP levels, and number of daily faeces. Bacterial network structures were also analysed. RESULTS The gut microbiotas of FMF patients differ from those of controls in having increased pro-inflammatory bacteria, such as the Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Ruminococcus gnavus group. Disease characteristics and resistance to colchicine correlated with homozygous mutations and were associated with specific microbiota alteration. Colchicine treatment was associated with the expansion of anti-inflammatory taxa such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, while FMF severity was associated with expansion of the Ruminococcus gnavus group and Paracoccus. Colchicine-resistant patients exhibited an alteration of the bacterial network structure, with decreased intertaxa connectivity. CONCLUSION The gut microbiota of FMF patients correlates with disease characteristics and severity, with an increase in pro-inflammatory taxa in the most severe patients. This suggests a specific role for the gut microbiota in shaping FMF outcomes and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Delplanque
- Sorbonne Université, Service Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoinflammatoires et des Amyloses (CEREMAIA), APHP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Benech
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rolhion
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Cyriane Oeuvray
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Marjolène Straube
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Galbert
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Loic Brot
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, University Lyon, Lyon, Rhônes, France
| | - Yvan Jamilloux
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, University Lyon, Lyon, Rhônes, France
| | - Léa Savey
- Sorbonne Université, Service Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoinflammatoires et des Amyloses (CEREMAIA), APHP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Grateau
- Sorbonne Université, Service Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoinflammatoires et des Amyloses (CEREMAIA), APHP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
- INRAE, UMR1319 Micalis & AgroParisTech, Jouy en Josas, Yvelines, France
| | - Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
- Sorbonne Université, Service Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoinflammatoires et des Amyloses (CEREMAIA), APHP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
- Gastroenterology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, French Group of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (GFTF), Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
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Pepoyan E, Marotta F, Manvelyan A, Galstyan A, Stepanyan L, Grigoryan H, Grigoryan L, Mikayelyan M, Balayan M, Harutyunyan N, Mirzabekyan S, Tsaturyan V, Torok T, Pepoyan A. Placebo-resistant gut bacteria: Akkermansia muciniphila spp. and Familial Mediterranean fever disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1336752. [PMID: 38465231 PMCID: PMC10920240 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1336752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite numerous investigations into the impact of drugs/probiotics on the gut microbiota composition in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) patients, the question as to whether there exists a significant bacterial diversity(ies) independent of the placebo effect that can be reliably considered in clinical and nutritional trials remains unresolved. Methods This study represents the in augural analysis of the placebo's influence on the gut microbiota of both healthy individuals and FMF afflicted men, utilizing previously collected data from PhyloChip™ DNA microarray experiments. A total of 15 healthy and 15 FMF male volunteers, aged 18 to 50, participated in this partially randomized placebo trial, which is accessible through the GEO Series accession number GSE111835. Results and Discussion Key findings from current investigations include i. the anticipated divergence in gut bacteria resistance to placebo between healthy and FMF individuals, ii. the minor impact of placebo on gut bacterial diversities in healthy individuals, with Enterobacteriaceae diversities identified as placebo-resistant among "healthy" gut bacteria, and iii. the comprehensive influence of placebo on all bacterial phyla in the gut microbiome of FMF patients, extending to nearly all bacterial genera, except for the resilience of gut Akkermansia muciniphila spp. to placebo in FMF patients. This study underscores the susceptibility of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, and Clostridium genera to placebo. Consequently, this investigation holds significance for the proper design of placebo-controlled trials and establishes a foundation for further exploration of the gut-brain axis. Furthermore, it contributes valuable insights to discussions regarding proposals for probiotic therapies, particularly focusing on Faecalibacterium spp., Blautia spp., and Clostridium spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elya Pepoyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
- Faculty of Military Medicine, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Anahit Manvelyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Artak Galstyan
- Faculty of Military Medicine, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Lena Stepanyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hasmik Grigoryan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Liana Grigoryan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mikayel Mikayelyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Marine Balayan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Natalya Harutyunyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Susanna Mirzabekyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Vardan Tsaturyan
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
- Faculty of Military Medicine, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Tamas Torok
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Astghik Pepoyan
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Department, Scientific Research Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan, Armenia
- International Association for Human and Animals Health Improvement, Yerevan, Armenia
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Kilincalp S, Yuksel I. The Influence of Coexisting Familial Mediterranean Fever on Crohn's Disease: Data From an FMF Endemic Area. J Clin Gastroenterol 2024; 58:71-75. [PMID: 36730654 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
GOAL The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of coexisting familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) on Crohn's disease (CD) patients' phenotype and disease course in an endemic region for FMF. BACKGROUND CD and FMF are inflammatory diseases characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and fever attacks. The impact of coexisting FMF on CD patients' phenotype and disease course is currently unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 210 adult CD patients who were regularly followed up at a tertiary gastroenterology clinic between November 2006 and April 2018. The patients were divided into FMF positive (CD-FMF) and FMF negative (CD-control) groups. The severity of CD was assessed by the rate of hospitalization because of CD, the need for biological therapy, and whether surgery was performed for CD. RESULTS Eight (3.8%) of 210 CD patients have concomitant FMF, which is 35 to 40 times higher than expected in an endemic region for FMF. Baseline demographic parameters, location/behavior of the CD, and initial therapeutic regimens were similar between the 2 groups. The prevalence of peripheral arthritis was significantly higher in CD-FMF group (37.5% vs. 10.4%, respectively, P =0.04). A significantly greater proportion of the CD-FMF patients had received biological therapy (50% vs. 11.9%; P =0.012). Steroid dependence and CD-related hospitalization rates in the CD-FMF group were relatively higher but were not statistically significant (37.5% vs. 15.3 and 62.5% vs. 41.1%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the disease course of CD tends to be more severe in patients with coexisting FMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serta Kilincalp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gothenburg University, Ostra Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ilhami Yuksel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yildirim Beyazit University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Mansueto P, Seidita A, Chiavetta M, Genovese D, Giuliano A, Priano W, Carroccio A, Casuccio A, Amodio E. Familial Mediterranean Fever and Diet: A Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153216. [PMID: 35956392 PMCID: PMC9370508 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited autoinflammatory disease characterized by short acute attacks, with an as yet unknown cause. Several authors have investigated the role of some foods as potential triggers. This narrative review aims to analyze the correlation between diet and FMF clinical outcomes. Methods: The review was carried out following PRISMA statement guidelines, including all cross-sectional, case-crossover, and trial studies written in English and conducted between 1974 and 2022. Results: Overall, 642 records were identified through PubMed/MEDLINE (292) and Scopus (350), and seven studies were included: three out of seven (43%) studies evaluated FMF attack recurrence or time between consumption of high-fat foods and FMF attacks, while another three (43%) articles variously assessed FMF severity, and one (14%) evaluated the distribution of MEFV mutations. Conclusions: To date, conflicting results have been reported about fatty and salty food intake and FMF attack recurrence. Moreover, some authors have suggested a possible role of wheat. Finally, a diet rich in antioxidants and supplements with an anti-inflammatory effect could partially reduce symptoms and improve the well-being of FMF patients. Nevertheless, no conclusive data could be drawn about the impact of diet in FMF symptom triggering, and further studies are required to clarify this putative association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mansueto
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Aurelio Seidita
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marta Chiavetta
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, “V. Cervello” Hospital, Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Dario Genovese
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Giuliano
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, “V. Cervello” Hospital, Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Walter Priano
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Carroccio
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, “V. Cervello” Hospital, Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amodio
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Deshayes S, Callebert J, Launay JM, Aouba A, Sokol H, Georgin-Lavialle S. On the Determinants of IDO Activity in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever. Mod Rheumatol 2022; 33:629-630. [PMID: 35587040 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Deshayes
- GRAASU GRC N°28, Service de médecine interne, Centre de référence des maladies autoinflammatoires et des amyloses inflammatoires (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Service de Médecine Interne, Normandie Univ, Caen, France
| | - Jacques Callebert
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Service de Biochimie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Launay
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Service de Biochimie, Paris, France
| | - Achille Aouba
- Service de Médecine Interne, Normandie Univ, Caen, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology department, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,INRAE, UMR1319 Micalis & AgroParisTech, Jouy en Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
- GRAASU GRC N°28, Service de médecine interne, Centre de référence des maladies autoinflammatoires et des amyloses inflammatoires (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Service de médecine interne, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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8
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Rausch P, Hartmann M, Baines JF, von Bismarck P. Analysis of the fecal and oral microbiota in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:54. [PMID: 35193655 PMCID: PMC8862485 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare autoinflammatory bone disease for which a lack of bacterial involvement is a key diagnostic feature to distinguish it from other symptomatically related diseases. However, the growing evidence suggesting an involvement of the host-associated microbiota in rheumatic disorders together with the now wide accessibility of modern culture-independent methods warrant a closer examination of CRMO. METHODS In this study, we show through bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling that numerous features of the oral- and fecal microbial communities differentiate children with and without CRMO. RESULTS Notably, communities in diseased children are characterized by a lack of potential probiotic bacteria in the fecal community and an overabundance of known pathobionts in the oral microbial communities. Of special interest is the HACEK group, a set of commonly known oral pathogens that are implicated in the development of several acute and chronic diseases such as osteitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, we observe that gut bacterial communities in the diseased children appear to reflect an altered host physiology more strongly than the oral community, which could suggest an oral disease origin followed by propagation and/or responses beyond the oral cavity. CONCLUSIONS Bacterial communities, in particular the oral microbiota, may serve as an indicator of underlying susceptibility to CRMO, or play a yet undefined role in its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rausch
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meike Hartmann
- Clinic for General Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Philipp von Bismarck
- Clinic for General Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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Ahluwalia MK. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics-A personalized approach to nutrition. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2021; 108:277-340. [PMID: 34844714 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases has been on an upward trajectory for some time and this puts an enormous burden on the healthcare expenditure. Lifestyle modifications including dietary interventions hold an immense promise to manage and prevent these diseases. Recent advances in genomic research provide evidence that focussing these efforts on individual variations in abilities to metabolize nutrients (nutrigenetics) and exploring the role of dietary compounds on gene expression (nutrigenomics and nutri-epigenomics) can lead to more meaningful personalized dietary strategies to promote optimal health. This chapter aims to provide examples on these gene-diet interactions at multiple levels to support the need of embedding targeted dietary interventions as a way forward to prevent, avoid and manage diseases.
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Genetic and environmental factors in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and promising therapeutic intervention via fecal microbiota transplantation. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2021; 7:70. [PMID: 34381040 PMCID: PMC8357954 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-021-00213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal impairment and loss of function, and with the major shared histopathological hallmarks of misfolding and aggregation of specific proteins inside or outside cells. Some genetic and environmental factors contribute to the promotion of the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, there are no effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. It has been revealed that bidirectional communication exists between the brain and the gut. The gut microbiota is a changeable and experience-dependent ecosystem and can be modified by genetic and environmental factors. The gut microbiota provides potential therapeutic targets that can be regulated as new interventions for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss genetic and environmental risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, summarize the communication among the components of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and discuss the treatment strategy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). FMT is a promising treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, and restoration of the gut microbiota to a premorbid state is a novel goal for prevention and treatment strategies.
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Bubier JA, Chesler EJ, Weinstock GM. Host genetic control of gut microbiome composition. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:263-281. [PMID: 34159422 PMCID: PMC8295090 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in health and disease, and there is mounting evidence indicating that the microbial composition is regulated in part by host genetics. Heritability estimates for microbial abundance in mice and humans range from (0.05-0.45), indicating that 5-45% of inter-individual variation can be explained by genetics. Through twin studies, genetic association studies, systems genetics, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), hundreds of specific host genetic loci have been shown to associate with the abundance of discrete gut microbes. Using genetically engineered knock-out mice, at least 30 specific genes have now been validated as having specific effects on the microbiome. The relationships among of host genetics, microbiome composition, and abundance, and disease is now beginning to be unraveled through experiments designed to test causality. The genetic control of disease and its relationship to the microbiome can manifest in multiple ways. First, a genetic variant may directly cause the disease phenotype, resulting in an altered microbiome as a consequence of the disease phenotype. Second, a genetic variant may alter gene expression in the host, which in turn alters the microbiome, producing the disease phenotype. Finally, the genetic variant may alter the microbiome directly, which can result in the disease phenotype. In order to understand the processes that underlie the onset and progression of certain diseases, future research must take into account the relationship among host genetics, microbiome, and disease phenotype, and the resources needed to study these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bubier
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
| | - Elissa J Chesler
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
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Zhou Y, Shi X, Fu W, Xiang F, He X, Yang B, Wang X, Ma WL. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Correlates with Abnormal Immune Response in Moderate COVID-19 Patients with Fever. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2619-2631. [PMID: 34168484 PMCID: PMC8217908 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s311518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most COVID-19 patients are moderate, and fever is the most common clinical manifestation and associated with poorer prognosis. Gut microbiota may also play important roles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. However, the association between gut microbiota and fever in individuals with moderate COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods We compared the clinical features and laboratory results of 187 moderate COVID-19 patients with fever and without fever and identified several inflammatory markers in patients with fever. Then, we performed gut metagenome-wide association study for 31 individuals to identify the microbes and their epitopes which have potential role in fever and hyperinflammation. Results Among 187 moderate COVID-19 patients, 127 (67.9%) patients presented with fever. Lymphocytes, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+ T cells to CD8+ T cells were significantly reduced, while AST, LDH, CRP, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly elevated in patients with fever. Gut microbiome composition was significantly altered in patients with fever compared with those with non-fever. Opportunistic pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were enriched in patients with fever. E. faecalis was positively correlated with LDH and D-dimer and negatively correlated with CD8+T cells and IL-4, while S. cerevisiae was positively correlated with diarrhea symptom. Furthermore, several species with anti-inflammatory and protective effects, such as Bacteroides fragilis and Eubacterium ramulus, were enriched in patients with non-fever. B. fragilis was positively correlated with lymphocytes, and E. ramulus was negatively correlated with LDH, AST and IL-6. Finally, we found that several bacterial epitopes of GroEL, a homolog of human HSP60, were enriched in patients with fever and positively correlated with IL-6, IL-10, WBC, neutrophils, D-dimer, LDH, CRP, and E. faecalis. Conclusion Gut microbiota dysbiosis correlates with abnormal immune response in moderate COVID-19 patients with fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinliang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Bohan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Li Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
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Emerging Trends in Deciphering the Pathogenesis of Human Diseases through Genetic Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12010096. [PMID: 33451126 PMCID: PMC7828629 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Any changes in gene expression or protein functions can cause abnormal anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and behavioral modifications in human beings, which can lead to disease [...].
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Egeli BH, Ugurlu S. Familial Mediterranean Fever: Clinical State Of The Art. QJM 2020; 115:hcaa291. [PMID: 33079202 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As the inflammation research improves year by year, so does our understanding of the autoinflammatory conditions. Over the past years, the number of monogenic autoinflammatory conditions snowballed thanks to our understanding of basic immunology and genetics. Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), being the entrance to this fascinating world, still has clinical relevance as it enables us to understand our approach to these patients, treatment modalities, and pathological mechanisms. This review can be used as a tool for clinicians already working with FMF patients to update themselves on recent scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bugra Han Egeli
- Medical Doctor; Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdal Ugurlu
- Professor: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
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