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Yao Z, Wang J, Zhang T, Ai H, Abdelrahman Z, Wu X, Wang D, Chen F, Zhang Z, Wang X, Liu Z, Chen Z. Age, sex, and APOE gene-specific associations between dynapenic obesity and dementia in a large cohort. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100313. [PMID: 38986174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between dynapenic obesity and the risk of dementia, and the modifying effects of age, sex, and the APOE gene, using a large population-based cohort. METHODS 279,884 participants aged 55 and above from the UK Biobank were included. The participants were classified into four categories based on body mass index and hand grip strength: healthy, obesity, dynapenia, and dynapenic obesity. The incident dementia was identified based on linked hospital records and death register data. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the associations, followed by age-, sex-, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene-stratified analyses. RESULTS During the median follow-up of 12.4 years, 5,170 (1.8%) participants developed dementia. Compared with the healthy group, participants with dynapenic obesity had 67% higher dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-1.94). Compared with the healthy group, higher risks of dementia in participants with dynapenic obesity were respectively observed in male (HR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.65-2.50), younger (<65 years, HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.55-2.50), and non-ε4-carrier (HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.60-2.44) (all P for interaction <0.05). In participants under 65 years and non-ε4-carrier, those with dynapenic obesity had the highest risk of dementia (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.91-3.62), compared with the healthy group (P for second order interaction = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Dynapenic obesity is associated with increased risks of dementia, especially in participants under 65 years and non-ε4-carrier, suggesting the importance of managing dynapenic obesity in the prevention of cognition-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Affiliate Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Tianfang Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjing Ai
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zeinab Abdelrahman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fenfen Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaosheng Wang
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zuobing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Yi JY, Kim M, Jeon M, Min H, Kim BG, Son J, Sung C. Simple visualization method for the c.577del of erythropoietin variant: CRISPR/dCas9-based single nucleotide polymorphism diagnosis. Drug Test Anal 2023. [PMID: 36610033 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human erythropoietin (hEPO), the c.577del variant, can produces 26 amino acids longer than the wild-type hEPO, posing a risk of misinterpretation in routine doping analysis. To prevent this, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) included a procedure for reporting the sequencing results regarding the presence or absence of SNPs for suspected cases in the new version of the technical document for recombinant EPO in 2022. However, it is very expensive for anti-doping laboratories to purchase a gene sequencing analyzer, which costs hundreds of thousands of dollars, and only a few companies provide specific gene sequencing services with accredited certification. Therefore, in this study, we developed a simple visualization method for the c.577del of the EPO variant at the gene level. The gene fragment of the EPO gene, including c.577del, was amplified using a fast polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the PCR products were incubated with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/deadCas9 system using variant-specific single-guide RNA (sgRNA). This ribonucleoprotein complex binds specifically to the EPO variant gene fragment, causing a band shift on native-PAGE. We designed 4 sgRNAs that can bind only to the EPO variant or wild-type gene. In addition, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay on a gel demonstrated that one of the sgRNAs had a high level of specificity. Consequently, the c.577del variant was selectively detected by visualizing the target fragment of the gene on the gel within 3 h using only 3 μl of the whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Yeop Yi
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Kim
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Jeon
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hophil Min
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Bio-Max/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Sustainable Development (ISD), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Son
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmin Sung
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lehrer S, Rheinstein PH. Androgen Deprivation Therapy Unrelated to Alzheimer's Disease in the UK Biobank Cohort. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:437-440. [PMID: 36585167 PMCID: PMC10453988 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In a meta-analysis of 14 studies, men who received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer had a higher risk of dementia and/or Alzheimer disease (AD) than men who did not receive ADT. The effect was more pronounced when ADT was given for more than 12 months. However, in all these analyses, two of the strongest AD risk factors after age, family history of AD and the apolipoprotein e4 allele, were not included. In the current study, we have used data from the UK Biobank (UKB) that incorporates these two factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our analysis included all subjects with prostate cancer and AD. Prostate cancer diagnosis was ascertained using the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10), C61. AD diagnosis was ascertained using the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10) G30. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for rs429358 and rs7412 were used to determine ApoE genotypes. ADT was in UKB field 20003, Treatment/medication code, Medications. Family history of AD was in UKB data fields 20107, Illnesses of father; 20110, Illnesses of mother; 20111, Illnesses of siblings. RESULTS We studied 13,203 men with prostate cancer. The age of 132 subjects that received ADT was 64±5.6 (mean±standard deviation), and the age of 13,071 subjects that did not receive ADT was 62±5.6 (p<0.001). ADT was not associated with AD, but Apoe3e3 was significantly associated with diminished risk of AD when compared to e4e4. Moreover, every year of age was associated with increased risk of AD. ADT was unrelated to AD (p=0.997). CONCLUSION Our UK Biobank data analysis does not confirm that ADT causes AD in men with prostate cancer. Large studies that include family history of AD and ApoeE genotype are needed. Mendelian randomization would also be desirable for a more definitive result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Lehrer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, U.S.A.;
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Mather KA. Genetic and Environmental Factors in Ageing and Age-Related Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030396. [PMID: 35327950 PMCID: PMC8955976 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
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Tavares-Júnior JWL, Oliveira DN, da Silva JBS, Feitosa WLQ, Sousa AVM, Cunha LCV, Gaspar SDB, Gomes CMP, de Oliveira LLB, Moreira-Nunes CA, Montenegro RC, Sobreira-Neto MA, Braga-Neto P. Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:947583. [PMID: 36046159 PMCID: PMC9423011 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.947583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have objectively evaluated cognitive deficits after the acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in cognitive decline in patients with COVID-19 has not been evaluated yet. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months from the onset. We determined APOE genotypes. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 141 patients. The most frequent APOE genotype was E3/E3 (N = 95; 67.3%). In total, 93 patients (65.9%) had memory impairment symptoms as the main complaint, objectively confirmed through screening tests in 25 patients (17.7%). Patients with cognitive impairment had a lower frequency of anosmia than the normal and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) groups (p = 0.005). In addition, depression was recurrent in the cognitive impairment group and the SCD group (p = 0.046). Cognitive impairment was significantly more frequent in hospitalized patients and those with a lower education level. Cognitive status was not associated with APOE genotypes. DISCUSSION Hospitalized patients had more severe infection with a greater possibility of systemic complications, greater inflammatory response, and prolonged hospitalization, which could impact cognitive performance. Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 does not necessarily involve specific APOE polymorphisms. However, psychiatric disorders may also be responsible for cognitive complaints. Cognitive complaints are frequent in patients with COVID-19, even after the acute phase of the disease and in mild cases. Hospitalized participants and depressed patients may have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. APOE genotypes or haplotypes may not significantly play a role in COVID-19 cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danilo Nunes Oliveira
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jean Breno Silveira da Silva
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Artur Victor Menezes Sousa
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel Carvalho Montenegro
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Health Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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