1
|
Song Y, Seward CH, Chen CY, LeBlanc A, Leddy AM, Stubbs L. Isolated loss of the AUTS2 long isoform, brain-wide or targeted to Calbindin-lineage cells, generates a specific suite of brain, behavioral, and molecular pathologies. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad182. [PMID: 37816306 PMCID: PMC10763537 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rearrangements within the AUTS2 region are associated with a rare syndromic disorder with intellectual disability, developmental delay, and behavioral abnormalities as core features. In addition, smaller regional variants are linked to wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, underscoring the gene's essential role in brain development. Like many essential neurodevelopmental genes, AUTS2 is large and complex, generating distinct long (AUTS2-l) and short (AUTS2-s) protein isoforms from alternative promoters. Although evidence suggests unique isoform functions, the contributions of each isoform to specific AUTS2-linked phenotypes have not been clearly resolved. Furthermore, Auts2 is widely expressed across the developing brain, but cell populations most central to disease presentation have not been determined. In this study, we focused on the specific roles of AUTS2-l in brain development, behavior, and postnatal brain gene expression, showing that brain-wide AUTS2-l ablation leads to specific subsets of the recessive pathologies associated with mutations in 3' exons (exons 8-19) that disrupt both major isoforms. We identify downstream genes that could explain expressed phenotypes including hundreds of putative direct AUTS2-l target genes. Furthermore, in contrast to 3' Auts2 mutations which lead to dominant hypoactivity, AUTS2-l loss-of-function is associated with dominant hyperactivity and repetitive behaviors, phenotypes exhibited by many human patients. Finally, we show that AUTS2-l ablation in Calbindin 1-expressing cell lineages is sufficient to yield learning/memory deficits and hyperactivity with abnormal dentate gyrus granule cell maturation, but not other phenotypic effects. These data provide new clues to in vivo AUTS2-l functions and novel information relevant to genotype-phenotype correlations in the human AUTS2 region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Song
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle WA 98122, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Chih-Ying Chen
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle WA 98122, USA
| | - Amber LeBlanc
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle WA 98122, USA
| | | | - Lisa Stubbs
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle WA 98122, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
RINGs, DUBs and Abnormal Brain Growth-Histone H2A Ubiquitination in Brain Development and Disease. EPIGENOMES 2022; 6:epigenomes6040042. [PMID: 36547251 PMCID: PMC9778336 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes6040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
During mammalian neurodevelopment, signaling pathways converge upon transcription factors (TFs) to establish appropriate gene expression programmes leading to the production of distinct neural and glial cell types. This process is partially regulated by the dynamic modulation of chromatin states by epigenetic systems, including the polycomb group (PcG) family of co-repressors. PcG proteins form multi-subunit assemblies that sub-divide into distinct, yet functionally related families. Polycomb repressive complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1 and 2) modify the chemical properties of chromatin by covalently modifying histone tails via H2A ubiquitination (H2AK119ub1) and H3 methylation, respectively. In contrast to the PRCs, the Polycomb repressive deubiquitinase (PR-DUB) complex removes H2AK119ub1 from chromatin through the action of the C-terminal hydrolase BAP1. Genetic screening has identified several PcG mutations that are causally associated with a range of congenital neuropathologies associated with both localised and/or systemic growth abnormalities. As PRC1 and PR-DUB hold opposing functions to control H2AK119ub1 levels across the genome, it is plausible that such neurodevelopmental disorders arise through a common mechanism. In this review, we will focus on advancements regarding the composition and opposing molecular functions of mammalian PRC1 and PR-DUB, and explore how their dysfunction contributes to the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chander V, Mahmoud M, Hu J, Dardas Z, Grochowski CM, Dawood M, Khayat MM, Li H, Li S, Jhangiani S, Korchina V, Shen H, Weissenberger G, Meng Q, Gingras MC, Muzny DM, Doddapaneni H, Posey JE, Lupski JR, Sabo A, Murdock DR, Sedlazeck FJ, Gibbs RA. Long read sequencing and expression studies of AHDC1 deletions in Xia-Gibbs syndrome reveal a novel genetic regulatory mechanism. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:2033-2053. [PMID: 36054313 PMCID: PMC10167679 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Xia-Gibbs syndrome (XGS; MIM# 615829) is a rare mendelian disorder characterized by Development Delay (DD), intellectual disability (ID), and hypotonia. Individuals with XGS typically harbor de novo protein-truncating mutations in the AT-Hook DNA binding motif containing 1 (AHDC1) gene, although some missense mutations can also cause XGS. Large de novo heterozygous deletions that encompass the AHDC1 gene have also been ascribed as diagnostic for the disorder, without substantial evidence to support their pathogenicity. We analyzed 19 individuals with large contiguous deletions involving AHDC1, along with other genes. One individual bore the smallest known contiguous AHDC1 deletion (∼350 Kb), encompassing eight other genes within chr1p36.11 (Feline Gardner-Rasheed, IFI6, FAM76A, STX12, PPP1R8, THEMIS2, RPA2, SMPDL3B) and terminating within the first intron of AHDC1. The breakpoint junctions and phase of the deletion were identified using both short and long read sequencing (Oxford Nanopore). Quantification of RNA expression patterns in whole blood revealed that AHDC1 exhibited a mono-allelic expression pattern with no deficiency in overall AHDC1 expression levels, in contrast to the other deleted genes, which exhibited a 50% reduction in mRNA expression. These results suggest that AHDC1 expression in this individual is compensated by a novel regulatory mechanism and advances understanding of mutational and regulatory mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varuna Chander
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Medhat Mahmoud
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zain Dardas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Moez Dawood
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael M. Khayat
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - He Li
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shoudong Li
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shalini Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Viktoriya Korchina
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hua Shen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Qingchang Meng
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marie-Claude Gingras
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Donna M. Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Harsha Doddapaneni
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James R. Lupski
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aniko Sabo
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David R. Murdock
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fritz J. Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brea-Fernández AJ, Álvarez-Barona M, Amigo J, Tubío-Fungueiriño M, Caamaño P, Fernández-Prieto M, Barros F, De Rubeis S, Buxbaum J, Carracedo Á. Trio-based exome sequencing reveals a high rate of the de novo variants in intellectual disability. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:938-945. [PMID: 35322241 PMCID: PMC9349217 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01087-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID), a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1-3% of the general population, is characterized by limitations in both intellectual function and adaptive skills. The high number of conditions associated with ID underlines its heterogeneous origin and reveals the difficulty of obtaining a rapid and accurate genetic diagnosis. However, the Next Generation Sequencing, and the whole exome sequencing (WES) in particular, has boosted the diagnosis rate associated with ID. In this study, WES performed on 244 trios of patients clinically diagnosed with isolated or syndromic ID and their respective unaffected parents has allowed the identification of the underlying genetic basis of ID in 64 patients, yielding a diagnosis rate of 25.2%. Our results suggest that trio-based WES facilitates ID's genetic diagnosis, particularly in patients who have been extensively waiting for a definitive molecular diagnosis. Moreover, genotypic information from parents provided by trio-based WES enabled the detection of a high percentage (61.5%) of de novo variants inside our cohort. Establishing a quick genetic diagnosis of ID would allow early intervention and better clinical management, thus improving the quality of life of these patients and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J Brea-Fernández
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Miriam Álvarez-Barona
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jorge Amigo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica (FPGMX), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Tubío-Fungueiriño
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Caamaño
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica (FPGMX), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fernández-Prieto
- Genetics Group, GC05, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Barros
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica (FPGMX), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Joseph Buxbaum
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica (FPGMX), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
AUTS2 Gene: Keys to Understanding the Pathogenesis of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010011. [PMID: 35011572 PMCID: PMC8750789 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), are a large group of neuropsychiatric illnesses that occur during early brain development, resulting in a broad spectrum of syndromes affecting cognition, sociability, and sensory and motor functions. Despite progress in the discovery of various genetic risk factors thanks to the development of novel genomics technologies, the precise pathological mechanisms underlying the onset of NDDs remain elusive owing to the profound genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of these conditions. Autism susceptibility candidate 2 (AUTS2) has emerged as a crucial gene associated with a wide range of neuropsychological disorders, such as ASD, ID, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. AUTS2 has been shown to be involved in multiple neurodevelopmental processes; in cell nuclei, it acts as a key transcriptional regulator in neurodevelopment, whereas in the cytoplasm, it participates in cerebral corticogenesis, including neuronal migration and neuritogenesis, through the control of cytoskeletal rearrangements. Postnatally, AUTS2 regulates the number of excitatory synapses to maintain the balance between excitation and inhibition in neural circuits. In this review, we summarize the knowledge regarding AUTS2, including its molecular and cellular functions in neurodevelopment, its genetics, and its role in behaviors.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sanchez-Jimeno C, Blanco-Kelly F, López-Grondona F, Losada-Del Pozo R, Moreno B, Rodrigo-Moreno M, Martinez-Cayuelas E, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Fenollar-Cortés M, Ayuso C, Rodríguez de Alba M, Lorda-Sanchez I, Almoguera B. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity and Autism Spectrum Disorders as the Core Symptoms of AUTS2 Syndrome: Description of Five New Patients and Update of the Frequency of Manifestations and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091360. [PMID: 34573342 PMCID: PMC8471078 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of AUTS2 has been associated with a syndromic form of neurodevelopmental delay characterized by intellectual disability, autistic features, and microcephaly, also known as AUTS2 syndrome. While the phenotype associated with large deletions and duplications of AUTS2 is well established, clinical features of patients harboring AUTS2 sequence variants have not been extensively described. In this study, we describe the phenotype of five new patients with AUTS2 pathogenic variants, three of them harboring loss-of-function sequence variants. The phenotype of the patients was characterized by attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autistic features and mild global developmental delay (GDD) or intellectual disability (ID), all in 4/5 patients (80%), a frequency higher than previously reported for ADHD and autistic features. Microcephaly and short stature were found in 60% of the patients; and feeding difficulties, generalized hypotonia, and ptosis, were each found in 40%. We also provide the aggregated frequency of the 32 items included in the AUTS2 syndrome severity score (ASSS) in patients currently reported in the literature. The main characteristics of the syndrome are GDD/ID in 98% of patients, microcephaly in 65%, feeding difficulties in 62%, ADHD or hyperactivity in 54%, and autistic traits in 52%. Finally, using the location of 31 variants from the literature together with variants from the five patients, we found significantly higher ASSS values in patients with pathogenic variants affecting the 3′ end of the gene, confirming the genotype-phenotype correlation initially described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Sanchez-Jimeno
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermina López-Grondona
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Losada-Del Pozo
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-D.P.); (B.M.); (M.R.-M.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Beatriz Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-D.P.); (B.M.); (M.R.-M.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - María Rodrigo-Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-D.P.); (B.M.); (M.R.-M.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Elena Martinez-Cayuelas
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.L.-D.P.); (B.M.); (M.R.-M.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fenollar-Cortés
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical Analysis, Clínico San Carlos University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- IIS-Clínico San Carlos University Hospital (IsISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez de Alba
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Lorda-Sanchez
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Almoguera
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS–Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (F.B.-K.); (F.L.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (C.A.); (M.R.d.A.); (I.L.-S.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Holick MF, Shirvani A, Charoenngam N. Fetal Fractures in an Infant with Maternal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, CCDC134 Pathogenic Mutation and a Negative Genetic Test for Osteogenesis Imperfecta. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060512. [PMID: 34204301 PMCID: PMC8235512 DOI: 10.3390/children8060512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine fractures are a rare clinical finding caused by abnormal early-life osteogenesis. In this case report, we reported a male infant with twenty-three intrauterine/fetal fractures resembling osteogenesis imperfecta and tested negative for COL1A1 and COL1A2 mutations. The infant’s mother had Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, hypermobility type. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that there were no pathologic mutations previously documented to be associated with intrauterine fracture. Genetic mutations reported to be associated with fragility fractures were identified. These include the pathogenic homozygous mutation in the CCDC134 gene. Other genetic variants that might be responsible for variable expressivity of the skeletal manifestation include the homozygous variants of the genes CCDC134, COL15A1 and ZFPM1, and the heterozygous variants of the genes MYH3, BCHE, AUTS2. This is the first reported case of in utero fractures, that was confirmed by X-ray after birth, in an infant who had no genetic evidence for osteogenesis imperfecta, had a homozygous pathogenic mutation of an osteogenesis gene and whose mother had Ehlers-Danlos syndrome hypermobility type. Therefore, we have identified a new genetic cause for in utero fractures. If after birth, this infant were found to have these fractures in various stages of healing with a negative genetic test for osteogenesis imperfecta he would have been misdiagnosed as due to nonaccidental trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Holick
- Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.S.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-358-6139
| | - Arash Shirvani
- Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Nipith Charoenngam
- Section Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.S.); (N.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|