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Yu Y, Chu X, Ma X, Hu Z, Wang M, Li J, Yin H. Genome-Wide Analysis of MADS-Box Gene Family Reveals CjSTK as a Key Regulator of Seed Abortion in Camellia japonica. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5770. [PMID: 38891958 PMCID: PMC11171818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The plant MADS-box transcription factor family is a major regulator of plant flower development and reproduction, and the AGAMOUS-LIKE11/SEEDSTICK (AGL11/STK) subfamily plays conserved functions in the seed development of flowering plants. Camellia japonica is a world-famous ornamental flower, and its seed kernels are rich in highly valuable fatty acids. Seed abortion has been found to be common in C. japonica, but little is known about how it is regulated during seed development. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the MADS-box gene the in C. japonica genome and identified 126 MADS-box genes. Through gene expression profiling in various tissue types, we revealed the C/D-class MADS-box genes were preferentially expressed in seed-related tissues. We identified the AGL11/STK-like gene, CjSTK, and showed that it contained a typical STK motif and exclusively expressed during seed development. We found a significant increase in the CjSTK expression level in aborted seeds compared with normally developing seeds. Furthermore, overexpression of CjSTK in Arabidopsis thaliana caused shorter pods and smaller seeds. Taken together, we concluded that the fine regulation of the CjSTK expression at different stages of seed development is critical for ovule formation and seed abortion in C. japonica. The present study provides evidence revealing the regulation of seed development in Camellia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xian Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianjin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Zhikang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Hengfu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Y.Y.); (X.C.); (X.M.); (Z.H.); (M.W.); (J.L.)
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Wang Y, Liu Z, Wu J, Hong L, Liang J, Ren Y, Guan P, Hu J. MADS-Box Protein Complex VvAG2, VvSEP3 and VvAGL11 Regulates the Formation of Ovules in Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Xiangfei'. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050647. [PMID: 33926100 PMCID: PMC8146481 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of multi-carpel and multi-ovule exists in the grapevine cultivar ‘Xiangfei’, but the mechanism of ovule formation is seldom reported. In this study, we observed the ovule formation process by using ‘Xiangfei’ grapes. The role of the VvAG2 (VvAGAMOUS) gene in ovule formation was identified, and we explored the relationship between VvAG2, VvSEP3(VvMADS4) and VvAGL11(VvMADS5) proteins. The results showed that the ovule primordium appeared when the inflorescence length of ‘Xiangfei’ grapes were 4–5 cm long; the relative expression levels of VvAG2, VvAGL11 and VvSEP3 genes were higher during ovule formation, and the expression levels of VvAG2 gene was the highest. Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants expressing VvAG2 produced higher numbers of ovules and carpels than the wild type. Moreover, yeast two-hybrid and yeast three-hybrid experiments demonstrated that VvSEP3 acts as a bridge and interacts with VvAG2 and VvAGL11 proteins, respectively. Meanwhile, a homodimer can be formed between VvSEP3 and VvSEP3, but there was no interaction between VvAG2 and VvAGL11. These findings suggest that the VvAG2 gene is involved in the formation of ovules, and VvAG2/VvSEP3 together with VvAGL11/VvSEP3 can form a tetrameric complex. In summary, our data showed that VvAG2 along with VvSEP3 and VvAGL11 jointly regulate the ovule formation of ‘Xiangfei’ grapes.
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