1
|
Chen S, Wang F, Yang G, Yuan G, Liu M, Goldman G, Harris S, Wang W, Chen Z, Mary M. Loss of Bmp2 impairs odontogenesis via dysregulating pAkt/pErk/GCN5/Dlx3/Sp7. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3299295. [PMID: 37790473 PMCID: PMC10543288 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3299295/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BMP2 signaling plays a pivotal role in odontoblast differentiation and maturation during odontogenesis. Teeth lacking Bmp2 exhibit a morphology reminiscent of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), associated with mutations in dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) genes. Mechanisms by which BMP2 signaling influences expressions of DSPP and DMP1 and contributes to DGI remain elusive. To study the roles of BMP2 in dentin development, we generated Bmp2 conditional knockout (cKO) mice. Through a comprehensive approach involving RNA-seq, immunohistochemistry, promoter activity, ChIP, and Re-ChIP, we investigated downstream targets of Bmp2. Notably, the absence of Bmp2 in cKO mice led to dentin insufficiency akin to DGI. Disrupted Bmp2 signaling was linked to decreased expression of Dspp and Dmp1, as well as alterations in intracellular translocation of transcription factors Dlx3 and Sp7. Intriguingly, upregulation of Dlx3, Dmp1, Dspp, and Sp7, driven by BMP2, fostered differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells and biomineralization. Mechanistically, BMP2 induced phosphorylation of Dlx3, Sp7, and histone acetyltransferase GCN5 at Thr and Tyr residues, mediated by Akt and Erk42/44 kinases. This phosphorylation facilitated protein nuclear translocation, promoting interactions between Sp7 and Dlx3, as well as with GCN5 on Dspp and Dmp1 promoters. The synergy between Dlx3 and Sp7 bolstered transcription of Dspp and Dmp1. Notably, BMP2-driven GCN5 acetylated Sp7 and histone H3, while also recruiting RNA polymerase II to Dmp1 and Dspp chromatins, enhancing their transcriptions. Intriguingly, BMP2 suppressed the expression of histone deacetylases. we unveil hitherto uncharted involvement of BMP2 in dental cell differentiation and dentine development through pAkt/pErk42/44/Dlx3/Sp7/GCN5/Dspp/Dmp1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- UT Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | | | | | - Mengmeng Liu
- School of Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Graham Goldman
- School of Dentistry, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | | | - Zhi Chen
- Wuhan University School and Hospital of Stomatology
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuan M, Zheng X, Xue Y, He Z, Song G, Song Y. A novel DSPP frameshift mutation causing dentin dysplasia type 2 and disease management strategies. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2394-2400. [PMID: 36597617 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the mutation in a Chinese family with dentin dysplasia type II (DD-II) and to summarize mutation hotspots, clinical manifestations, and disease management strategies. Phenotype analysis, clinical intervention, mutation screening, and cosegregation analysis within the enrolled family were performed. A summary of the reported mutations in the dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) region of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was analyzed. Pathogenicity prediction analysis of the physical properties and function of DSPP variants was performed by bioinformatic processing. Clinical management strategies are discussed. A novel pathogenic mutation (c.2035delA) in the DPP region of DSPP was identified, which was cosegregated in the family. The immature permanent teeth of patients with DD-II presented with X-shaped root canal phenotypes. Most of the identified mutations for DD-II were clustered in the DPP region between nucleotides 1686-2134. Points of differential diagnosis, clinical interventions, and management strategies are proposed. This study revealed a novel DSPP frameshift mutation and presented new clinical features of DD-II. The locus involving nucleotides 1686-2134 of DSPP may represent a mutational hotspot for the disease. Appropriate management of DD-II at different stages is important to avoid the development of secondary dental lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueqing Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Xue
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenru He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaling Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Su T, Zhu Y, Wang X, Zhu Q, Duan X. Hereditary dentin defects with systemic diseases. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2376-2393. [PMID: 37094075 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to summarize recent progress on syndromic dentin defects, promoting a better understanding of systemic diseases with dentin malformations, the molecules involved, and related mechanisms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS References on genetic diseases with dentin malformations were obtained from various sources, including PubMed, OMIM, NCBI, and other websites. The clinical phenotypes and genetic backgrounds of these diseases were then summarized, analyzed, and compared. RESULTS Over 10 systemic diseases, including osteogenesis imperfecta, hypophosphatemic rickets, vitamin D-dependent rickets, familial tumoral calcinosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia, hypophosphatasia, Elsahy-Waters syndrome, Singleton-Merten syndrome, odontochondrodysplasia, and microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II were examined. Most of these are bone disorders, and their pathogenic genes may regulate both dentin and bone development, involving extracellular matrix, cell differentiation, and metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. The phenotypes of these syndromic dentin defects various with the involved genes, part of them are similar to dentinogenesis imperfecta or dentin dysplasia, while others only present one or two types of dentin abnormalities such as discoloration, irregular enlarged or obliterated pulp and canal, or root malformation. CONCLUSION Some specific dentin defects associated with systemic diseases may serve as important phenotypes for dentists to diagnose. Furthermore, mechanistic studies on syndromic dentin defects may provide valuable insights into isolated dentin defects and general dentin development or mineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangpu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinglin Zhu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Putrino A, Caputo M, Galeotti A, Marinelli E, Zaami S. Type I Dentin Dysplasia: The Literature Review and Case Report of a Family Affected by Misrecognition and Late Diagnosis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1477. [PMID: 37629767 PMCID: PMC10456812 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Type I dentin dysplasia (DD-I) is a rare genetic disorder with autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance at risk of late or long-misunderstood diagnosis because the teeth, compared to other degenerative dentin diseases, do not have coronal defects and/or alterations but only at the root level (absent, conical, pointed roots, and obliterated pulp canals). The first radiographic suspicion often occurs only in case of sudden mobility and/or abscesses of the permanent teeth. Genetic tests confirm the diagnosis. Case Presentation: This case report describes the oral and radiographic characteristics of two siblings, 12 and 10 years old, a male and a female, at an early age affected by DD-I, whose diagnosis was made for a first orthodontic visit. The father and the older child had already undergone dental and orthodontic treatments, respectively, without the disease being suspected by the dentist. Results: Genetic tests support the diagnosis of DD-I. Following the diagnosis, the patients began a process of close periodic checks every 3-4 months to monitor their situation. The male child lost upper lateral incisors, which were then replaced with a light nylon removable prosthesis. Conclusions: The ability to recognize the radiographic features characteristic of DD-I is very important to avoid prejudicial diagnostic delays and to be able to plan the long-term treatment of these patients better, especially when the pathology was primarily misrecognized in the family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Putrino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.Z.)
| | - Martina Caputo
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Enrico Marinelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Simona Zaami
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liang T, Smith CE, Hu Y, Zhang H, Zhang C, Xu Q, Lu Y, Qi L, Hu JCC, Simmer JP. Dentin defects caused by a Dspp -1 frameshift mutation are associated with the activation of autophagy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6393. [PMID: 37076504 PMCID: PMC10115861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is primarily expressed by differentiated odontoblasts (dentin-forming cells), and transiently expressed by presecretory ameloblasts (enamel-forming cells). Disease-causing DSPP mutations predominantly fall into two categories: 5' mutations affecting targeting and trafficking, and 3' - 1 frameshift mutations converting the repetitive, hydrophilic, acidic C-terminal domain into a hydrophobic one. We characterized the dental phenotypes and investigated the pathological mechanisms of DsppP19L and Dspp-1fs mice that replicate the two categories of human DSPP mutations. In DsppP19L mice, dentin is less mineralized but contains dentinal tubules. Enamel mineral density is reduced. Intracellular accumulation and ER retention of DSPP is observed in odontoblasts and ameloblasts. In Dspp-1fs mice, a thin layer of reparative dentin lacking dentinal tubules is deposited. Odontoblasts show severe pathosis, including intracellular accumulation and ER retention of DSPP, strong ubiquitin and autophagy activity, ER-phagy, and sporadic apoptosis. Ultrastructurally, odontoblasts show extensive autophagic vacuoles, some of which contain fragmented ER. Enamel formation is comparable to wild type. These findings distinguish molecular mechanisms underlying the dental phenotypes of DsppP19L and Dspp-1fs mice and support the recently revised Shields classification of dentinogenesis imperfecta caused by DSPP mutations in humans. The Dspp-1fs mice may be valuable for the study of autophagy and ER-phagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Charles E Smith
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Chuhua Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Yongbo Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Jan C-C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - James P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Du Q, Cao L, Yan N, Kang S, Lin M, Cao P, Jia R, Wang C, Qi H, Yu Y, Zou J, Yang J. Identification of DSPP novel variants and phenotype analysis in dentinogenesis dysplasia Shields type II patients. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-05009-y. [PMID: 37017752 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the genetic causes and teeth characteristics of dentin dysplasia Shields type II(DD-II) in three Chinese families. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from three Chinese families affected with DD-II were collected. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were conducted to screen for variations, and Sanger sequencing was used to verify mutation sites. The physical and chemical characteristics of the affected teeth including tooth structure, hardness, mineral content, and ultrastructure were investigated. RESULTS A novel frameshift deletion mutation c.1871_1874del(p.Ser624fs) in DSPP was found in families A and B, while no pathogenic mutation was found in family C. The affected teeth's pulp cavities were obliterated, and the root canals were smaller than normal teeth and irregularly distributed comprising a network. The patients' teeth also had reduced dentin hardness and highly irregular dentinal tubules. The Mg content of the teeth was significantly lower than that of the controls, but the Na content was obviously higher than that of the controls. CONCLUSIONS A novel frameshift deletion mutation, c.1871_1874del (p.Ser624fs), in the DPP region of the DSPP gene causes DD-II. The DD-II teeth demonstrated compromised mechanical properties and changed ultrastructure, suggesting an impaired function of DPP. Our findings expand the mutational spectrum of the DSPP gene and strengthen the understanding of clinical phenotypes related to the frameshift deletion in the DPP region of the DSPP gene. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A DSPP mutation can alter the characteristics of the affected teeth, including tooth structure, hardness, mineral content, and ultrastructure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Cao
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Centre for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, No.32, Section 2, The First Ring Road West, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Nana Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Sujun Kang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Mu Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Peilin Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Jia
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Qi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jiyun Yang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Centre for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, No.32, Section 2, The First Ring Road West, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
BMP Signaling Pathway in Dentin Development and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142216. [PMID: 35883659 PMCID: PMC9317121 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BMP signaling plays an important role in dentin development. BMPs and antagonists regulate odontoblast differentiation and downstream gene expression via canonical Smad and non-canonical Smad signaling pathways. The interaction of BMPs with their receptors leads to the formation of complexes and the transduction of signals to the canonical Smad signaling pathway (for example, BMP ligands, receptors, and Smads) and the non-canonical Smad signaling pathway (for example, MAPKs, p38, Erk, JNK, and PI3K/Akt) to regulate dental mesenchymal stem cell/progenitor proliferation and differentiation during dentin development and homeostasis. Both the canonical Smad and non-canonical Smad signaling pathways converge at transcription factors, such as Dlx3, Osx, Runx2, and others, to promote the differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal cells into odontoblasts and downregulated gene expressions, such as those of DSPP and DMP1. Dysregulated BMP signaling causes a number of tooth disorders in humans. Mutation or knockout of BMP signaling-associated genes in mice results in dentin defects which enable a better understanding of the BMP signaling networks underlying odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of BMP signaling in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. It includes discussion of the expression of BMPs, their receptors, and the implicated downstream genes during dentinogenesis. In addition, the structures of BMPs, BMP receptors, antagonists, and dysregulation of BMP signaling pathways associated with dentin defects are described.
Collapse
|