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Lei R, Qiu X, Han Y, Li F, Dong X, Pei S, Zeng T, Ge M, Hu Z, Tian Q, Peng L, Huang J. Identification and functional study of a novel variant of PAX9 causing tooth agenesis. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38515263 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To search for pathogenic gene of a family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, and explore the possible pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Chinese family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis was recruited and screened for the pathogenic variants by whole exome sequencing technology and co-segregation analysis. The subcellular localization of wild-type and mutant protein was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Cycloheximide chase assay was performed to examine the difference in degradation rate between mutant protein and wild-type one. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to explore the alterations of mutant protein in the regulation of downstream target genes. RESULTS A novel missense variant of PAX9 (c.296C>A:p.A99D) was found in this family. Bioinformatics software showed β-return and the random coil were shortened in the p.A99D. The variant did not affect the subcellular localization of PAX9, but the degradation rate of p.A99D was accelerated (p < 0.05). p.A99D inhibited the activation of downstream target gene BMP4 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This novel variant expands the pathogenic gene spectrum. The variant impaired the protein structure, accelerated the degradation of protein, and inhibited the activation of the downstream target gene BMP4, an upstream molecule in the TGF-β/BMP pathway, which may contribute to tooth agenesis in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Xili Qiu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Han
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Saimin Pei
- The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Minmin Ge
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang C, Wu Y, Ma S, Li X, Wu X, Gao Q. Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations exacerbated the tooth agenesis caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:136. [PMID: 38280992 PMCID: PMC10822191 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in the phenotypes of missing teeth between a pair of brothers with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and to investigate the underlying mechanism by comparing the mutated gene loci between the brothers with whole-exome sequencing. METHODS The clinical data of the patients and their mother were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. By Whole-exome sequencing filtered for a minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤0.05 non-synonymous single-nucleotide variations and insertions/deletions variations in genes previously associated with tooth agenesis, and variations considered as potentially pathogenic were assessed by SIFT, Polyphen-2, CADD and ACMG. Sanger sequencing was performed to detect gene variations. The secondary and tertiary structures of the mutated proteins were predicted by PsiPred 4.0 and AlphaFold 2. RESULTS Both brothers were clinically diagnosed with HED, but the younger brother had more teeth than the elder brother. An EDA variation (c.878 T > G) was identified in both brothers. Additionally, compound heterozygous variations of WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) were identified in the elder brother. Digenic variations in EDA (c.878 T > G) and WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) in the same patient have not been reported previously. The secondary structure of the variant WNT10A protein showed changes in the number and position of α-helices and β-folds compared to the wild-type protein. The tertiary structure of the WNT10A variant and molecular simulation docking showed that the site and direction where WNT10A binds to FZD5 was changed. CONCLUSIONS Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations may exacerbate the number of missing teeth in HED caused by EDA variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Liu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiqi Zhang
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingping Gao
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Fan L, Ma L, Zhu G, Yao S, Li X, Yu X, Pan Y, Wang L. A Genome-wide association study of premolar agenesis in a chinese population. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1102-1114. [PMID: 34878701 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Premolar agenesis is a common subtype of tooth agenesis. Although a genome-wide study (GWAS) has identified some variants involved in tooth agenesis in Europeans, the genetic mutation related to premolar agenesis in the Chinese population remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We present a GWAS in 218 premolar agenesis cases and 1,222 controls using the Illumina Infinium® Global Screening Array. 5,585,618 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for tests of associations with premolar agenesis. RESULTS Four independent SNPs on chromosome 2 were identified as susceptibility loci, including rs147680216, rs79743039, rs60540881, and rs6738629. The genome-wide significant SNP rs147680216 (p = 6.09 × 10-9 ) was predicted to change the structure of the WNT10A protein and interact with hedgehog signaling pathway components. Meta-analysis showed that the rs147680216 A allele significantly increased the risk of tooth agenesis (p = 0.000). The other three SNPs with nominal significance are novel susceptibility loci. Of them, rs6738629 (p = 5.40 × 10-6 ) acts as a potential transcriptional regulator of GCC2, a gene playing a putative role in dental and craniofacial development. CONCLUSION Our GWAS indicates that rs147680216 and additional three novel susceptibility loci on chromosome 2 are associated with the risk of premolar agenesis in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guirong Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyue Yao
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Shah SAY, Hassan WU, Sajjad W, Shabbir UB, Raza A. A Rare Case of Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia in a Seven-Year-Old Child. Cureus 2022; 14:e24300. [PMID: 35602783 PMCID: PMC9121332 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) encompass a large group of inherited disorders that affects two or more ectodermally derived structures. Hair, sweat glands, teeth, and nails are the most common ectodermal derivates affected. Other ectodermal structures that may be affected are ears, eyes, lips, and mucous membranes of the mouth or nose. During embryonic development, the ectoderm forms the outermost layer of the primary germ layers that give rise to the several structures that are commonly affected in ED. Therefore, ED manifests differently among patients, depending on the abnormality's combination and severity. Out of 150 distinctive syndromes, the most common syndromes within this group are hypohidrotic (defective sweat glands) and hidrotic (normal sweat glands). In addition, different types of inheritance patterns are found in ED; X-linked inheritance is by far the most common mode of inheritance. We present here the clinical case of hypohidrotic (anhidrotic) ED in a seven-year-old boy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Waseem Sajjad
- Internal Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
| | | | - Ali Raza
- Internal Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
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Said NM, Yassin F, Elkreem EA. Wnt10a missense gene polymorphism association with obesity risk: List of literature and a case-control study with Roc analysis for serum β-catenin level in Egypt. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang F, Tao B, Shen Y, Li C, Huang W, Sun Y, Wu Y. A single-arm clinical trial investigating the feasibility of the zygomatic implant quad approach for Cawood and Howell Class 4 edentulous maxilla: An option for immediate loading. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2021; 23:800-808. [PMID: 34580991 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The traditional way to treat maxillary edentulous Cawood and Howell Class 4 (CH4) patients who exhibit the knife-edge ridge form of edentulous jaws that are adequate in height and inadequate in width is extensive autologous bone grafting for conventional implant placement. PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of the zygomatic implant (ZI) quad approach in edentulous CH4 patients who presented a knife-edge ridge form in the anterior maxilla for immediate loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eligible patients with maxillary CH4 edentulism treated with the ZI quad approach were enrolled. Bone reduction and implant placement were performed under the guidance of a navigation system according to preoperative planning. The outcome variable was the implant survival rate, and additional variables were the ratio of immediate loading, complications and the relationship of the zygomatic implant path to the sinus wall. Statistical analysis was performed with the SAS statistical package. RESULTS Fifteen patients (3 men, 12 women; age range, 19-71 years; average age 47.2 years) eligible for the study received the ZI quad approach from January 2017 through January 2020. All ZIs achieved osseointegration, with no implant loss after early healing and a mean follow-up of 17.2 ± 6.2 months. Thirteen of 15 patients (86.7%) received immediate loading. No critical anatomic structure injuries occurred during surgery. Most mesially placed implants (23/30, 76.6%) presented ZAGA 2 and 3, and most distally placed implants were distributed in ZAGA 0 (20/30, 66.7%). DISCUSSION In terms of realizing immediate loading in CH4 patients with a knife-edge ridge form in the anterior maxilla, quad approaches have advantages over other grafting methods. At the same time, it seems the survival rate of zygomatic implants is comparable with that of other indications. With the limitations of this study, the quad approach might be a feasible option to realize edentulous maxillary reconstruction and to make immediate loading possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoxin Tao
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Shen
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaolun Li
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tumminello M, Gangemi A, Matina F, Guardino M, Giuffrè BL, Corsello G. First report of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with a hemizygous c.1142G > C in the EDA gene: variant of uncertain significance or new pathogenic variant? Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:128. [PMID: 34078430 PMCID: PMC8173841 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (HED) is a genetic disorder which affects structures of ectodermal origin. X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is the most common form of disease. XLHED is characterized by hypotrichosis, hypohydrosis and hypodontia. The cardinal features of classic HED become obvious during childhood. Identification of a hemizygous EDA pathogenic variant in an affected male confirms the diagnosis. Case presentation We report on a male newborn with the main clinical characteristics of the X-linked HED including hypotrichosis, hypodontia and hypohidrosis. Gene panel sequencing identified a new hemizygous missense variant of uncertain significance (VUS) c.1142G > C (p.Gly381Ala) in the EDA gene, located on the X chromosome and inherited from the healthy mother. Conclusion Despite the potential functional impact of VUS remains uncharacterized, our goal is to evaluate the clinical potential consequences of missense VUS on EDA gene. Even if the proband’s phenotype is characteristic for classic HED, further reports of patients with same clinical phenotype and the same genomic variant are needed to consider this novel VUS as responsible for the development of HED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tumminello
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Gangemi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Federico Matina
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Melania Guardino
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bianca Lea Giuffrè
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Guntreddi G, Vasudevan Nair J, Nirujogi SP. Ectodermal Dysplasia Presenting as Heat Exhaustion in an Adolescent Boy. Cureus 2021; 13:e13450. [PMID: 33767934 PMCID: PMC7983733 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare heterogenous group of ectodermal disorder, which primarily affects skin, hair, nails, eccrine glands, and teeth. Hypohidrotic ED is characterized by hypotrichosis (sparseness of scalp and body hair), hypohidrosis (reduced ability to sweat), and hypodontia (congenital decrease in the number of teeth /anodontia - complete absence of teeth). Primary care physicians and dentists play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and subsequent follow ups. A careful and thorough examination of these patients will lead to accurate diagnosis. Timely involvement of a multidisciplinary team in their care including the child psychologist, dermatologist, otorhinolaryngologist, and speech therapist would avoid fatal complications and improve the overall quality of life. In this article, we report that ED is a chronic underdiagnosed condition and can have devastating long-term complications. This is significant because with early diagnosis and prompt education of parents, patients can have better outcome in the prevention and timely management of complications such as heat exhaustion, electrolyte imbalance, heat stroke, and severe dehydration. Our case report would help clinicians familiarize with this rare condition to improve clinical acumen and better the patient outcome.
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Wu Z, Wang Y, Han W, Yang K, Hai E, Ma R, Di Z, Shang F, Su R, Wang R, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Li J. EDA and EDAR expression at different stages of hair follicle development in cashmere goats and effects on expression of related genes. Arch Anim Breed 2020; 63:461-470. [PMID: 33473371 PMCID: PMC7810227 DOI: 10.5194/aab-63-461-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on the detection of ectodysplasin A (EDA) and ectodysplasin A receptor
(EDAR) mRNA expression levels and protein positions in seven stages of
cashmere goat fetus development (45, 55, 65, 75 95, 115, and 135 d), with the main goal of
investigating the effect of EDA and EDAR on genes related to hair follicle
development.
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to
measure EDA and EDAR expression levels in seven stages of cashmere goat
fetus development. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to locate EDA and EDAR
in the critical stage of fetal hair follicle development (45–135 d). EDA and EDAR expression in fetal fibroblasts and epithelial cells was
interfered with by short hairpin RNA (sh-RNA). The results indicated that
EDA and EDAR were both expressed in the skin tissue in the seven cashmere
goat embryo stages. Moreover, EDA and EDAR play an important role in the
formation of embryonic placode (Pc). After interfering with EDA and EDAR,
the expression of BMP2, BMP4, noggin, β-catenin, TGF-β2,
Wnt-10b, and NOTCH1 in fibroblasts and epithelial cells changed
significantly.
This study provides a theoretical and
experimental basis for further studying the molecular regulation mechanism
of hair follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Wu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Wenjing Han
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 024000, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Erhan Hai
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Rong Ma
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Zhengyang Di
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Fangzheng Shang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China.,Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010018, China
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10
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Al-Araimi M, Hamza N, Al Hosni A, Al Mazrooey H. A first case report of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia from Oman. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:716-718. [PMID: 32274043 PMCID: PMC7141724 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a first case report of a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia from Oman, who was found to carry a mutation in the EDAR gene after candidate gene selection based on regions of homozygosity in his genome.
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11
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Han Y, Wang X, Zheng L, Zhu T, Li Y, Hong J, Xu C, Wang P, Gao M. Pathogenic EDA Mutations in Chinese Han Families With Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia and Genotype-Phenotype: A Correlation Analysis. Front Genet 2020; 11:21. [PMID: 32117440 PMCID: PMC7010634 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the genetic causes of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) in two families and elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of HED in Chinese Han patients. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to screen HED-related genes in two family members, followed by confirmatory Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for the mutations. We reviewed HED-related articles in PubMed. χ2- and Fisher's tests were used to analyze the genotype–phenotype correlations. Results (1) WES identified EDA missense mutations [c.1127 C > T (p.T376M; NM_001005609)] in family 1 and an EDA nonframeshift deletion mutation [c.648_683delACCTGGTCCTCCAGGTCCTCCTGGTCCTCAAGGACC (p.216_228delPPGPPGPPGPQGP; NM_001005609)] in family 2. Sanger sequencing validated the results. ANNOVAR (ANNOtate VARiation) annotation indicated that c.1127 c > T was a deleterious mutation. (2) The review of published papers revealed 68 novel mutations related to HED: 57 (83.8%) were EDA mutations, 8 (11.8%) were EDAR mutations, 2 (2.9%) were EDARADD mutations, 1 (1.5%) was a WNT10A mutation, 31 (45.6%) were missense mutations, 23 (33.8%) were deletion mutations, and 1 (1.5%) was an indel. Genotype–phenotype correlation analysis revealed that patients with EDA missense mutations had a higher frequency of hypohidrosis (P = 0.021). Conclusions This study identified two EDA gene mutations in two Chinese Han HED families and provides a foundation for genetic diagnosis and counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liyun Zheng
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaqi Hong
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Congcong Xu
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peiguang Wang
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Escouflaire C, Rebours E, Charles M, Orellana S, Cano M, Rivière J, Grohs C, Hayes H, Capitan A. Α de novo 3.8-Mb inversion affecting the EDA and XIST genes in a heterozygous female calf with generalized hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:715. [PMID: 31533624 PMCID: PMC6749632 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mammals, hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a genetic disorder that is characterized by sparse hair, tooth abnormalities, and defects in cutaneous glands. Only four genes, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD and WNT10A account for more than 90% of HED cases, and EDA, on chromosome X, is involved in 50% of the cases. In this study, we explored an isolated case of a female Holstein calf with symptoms similar to HED. RESULTS Clinical examination confirmed the diagnosis. The affected female showed homogeneous hypotrichosis and oligodontia as previously observed in bovine EDAR homozygous and EDA hemizygous mutants. Under light microscopy, the hair follicles were thinner and located higher in the dermis of the frontal skin in the affected animal than in the control. Moreover, the affected animal showed a five-fold increase in the number of hair follicles and a four-fold decrease in the diameter of the pilary canals. Pedigree analysis revealed that the coefficient of inbreeding of the affected calf (4.58%) was not higher than the average population inbreeding coefficient (4.59%). This animal had ten ancestors in its paternal and maternal lineages. By estimating the number of affected cases that would be expected if any of these common ancestors carried a recessive mutation, we concluded that, if they existed, other cases of HED should have been reported in France, which is not the case. Therefore, we assumed that the causal mutation was dominant and de novo. By analyzing whole-genome sequencing data, we identified a large chromosomal inversion with breakpoints located in the first introns of the EDA and XIST genes. Genotyping by PCR-electrophoresis the case and its parents allowed us to demonstrate the de novo origin of this inversion. Finally, using various sources of information we present a body of evidence that supports the hypothesis that this mutation is responsible for a skewed inactivation of X, and that only the normal X can be inactivated. CONCLUSIONS In this article, we report a unique case of X-linked HED affected Holstein female calf with an assumed full inactivation of the normal X-chromosome, thus leading to a severe phenotype similar to that of hemizygous males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Escouflaire
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. .,Allice, 75595, Paris, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Rebours
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mathieu Charles
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,INRA, SIGENAE, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sébastien Orellana
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Margarita Cano
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Julie Rivière
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,INRA, Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Cécile Grohs
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Hélène Hayes
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aurélien Capitan
- INRA, GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. .,Allice, 75595, Paris, France.
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13
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Chappidi V, Voulligonda D, Bhogavaram B, Reddy PK. Ectodermal dysplasia: Report of two cases in a family and literature review. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:1263-1265. [PMID: 31041288 PMCID: PMC6482801 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_48_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a inherited genetic disorder with manifestations of abnormalities in more than one ectodermal derivatives like skin, hair, nails, exocrine glands and teeth. There are more than 150 different variants of ED described in literature. The condition is thought to occur in approximately 1 in every 100,000 live births. It mainly manifests in two types i.e. Hypohidrotic (Anhidrotic) type and Hydrotic type depending on degree of sweat gland function. This report presents two cases within a family, a 4 year old boy and a 6 year old girl with typical features of Hypohidrotic Hereditary ED i.e, hypodontia, hypohidrosis and hypotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Chappidi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dheeraj Voulligonda
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bharadwaj Bhogavaram
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - P Krishnanjaneya Reddy
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
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14
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Zeng B, Liao J, Zhang H, Fu S, Chen W, Pan G, Li Q, Chen W, Ferrone S, Wu B, Sun S, Hu J, Ahn MHY, Lin Z, Yu D, Ou Z, Wang X, Mo F, Huang N, Hamilton JA, Li J, Fan S. Novel ANO5 mutation c.1067G>T (p.C356F) identified by whole genome sequencing in a big family with atypical gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia. Head Neck 2018; 41:230-238. [PMID: 30554457 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) is a rare skeletal disorder that has not been well studied. METHODS Sanger sequencing, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and bioinformatics and structural modeling analyses were performed. RESULTS A family with patients with fibro-osseous lesions of the jawbones were initially diagnosed with cherubism. Sequencing of SH3BP2, which is the causal gene of cherubism, revealed no pathogenic mutation. Through WGS, we identified a novel mutation c.1067G>T (p.C356F) in ANO5, and bioinformatics analyses and structural modeling showed that the mutation was deleterious. Because ANO5 is the gene responsible for GDD, we reappraised the clinical data of the patients, and the diagnosis was corrected to atypical GDD. A review of the literature showed that 67% of GDD cases confirmed by molecular testing were initially misdiagnosed. CONCLUSIONS The novel mutation c.1067G>T (p.C356F) in ANO5 is responsible for the atypical GDD observed in our patients. GDD should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients with fibro-osseous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junkun Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Fu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixiong Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guokai Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunxing Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Binghao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Sun
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jiali Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael Ho-Young Ahn
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhaoyu Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanpeng Ou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fengbo Mo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nasi Huang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James A Hamilton
- Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jinsong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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15
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Ruiz-Heiland G, Lenz S, Bock N, Ruf S. Prevalence of WNT10A gene mutations in non-syndromic oligodontia. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:3103-3113. [PMID: 30426266 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-syndromic oligodontia is an infrequent clinical condition whose etiology is not yet completely understood being a wide spectrum of gene mutations described in concomitance with this severe form of tooth agenesis. Recently, multiple observations have linked up to 50% of cases with isolated hypodontia to mutations in the WNT10A gene. Here, we hypothesized that mutations in the WNT10A gene could also be present in families affected by non-syndromic oligodontia. MATERIAL AND METHODS All available patients with non-syndromic oligodontia (n = 20) treated at the Department of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Germany between 1986 and 2013 as well as their family members were analyzed for mutations in the WNT10A gene. RESULTS Mutation screening was positive in 50% of the 20 patients. The analysis revealed that the mutations 2:219755011(c.682T>TA)(p.F228I), 2:219754822(c.493G>GA)(p.G165R), 2:219754816(c.487C>CT)(p.R163W), and 2:219747090(c.321C>CA)(p.C107*), the novel missense mutation 2:219757676(c.937G/GT)(p.G313C), and the novel synonym variant 2:219754854(c.525C>CT)(p.H175H) were present. CONCLUSION Multiple phenotypes are found in individuals presenting mutations in the WNT10A gene. Among them, the stop codon p.C107* as well as the biallelic p.F228I variants correlate with the most severe oligodontia phenotypes. In addition, we diagnosed the monoallelic mutations p.F228I, p.G165R, and p.G313C in healthy relatives with normal dentitions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A correct diagnosis of non-syndromic oligodontia is fundamental to discard a possible underlying pathology in which multiple tooth agenesis could be the most evidential clinical sign. Due to the wide spectrum of pathologies that are associated to mutations in the WNT10A gene, an extended genetic analysis of these individuals' relatives is also essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ruiz-Heiland
- Department of Orthodontics, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - N Bock
- Department of Orthodontics, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - S Ruf
- Department of Orthodontics, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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16
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Zeng B, Lu H, Xiao X, Yu X, Li S, Zhu L, Yu D, Zhao W. KDF1 is a novel candidate gene of non-syndromic tooth agenesis. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 97:131-136. [PMID: 30384154 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tooth agenesis (TA) is featured by congenital loss of teeth, and can be divided into two subtypes, non-syndromic TA (NSTA) and syndromic TA (STA). Although 12 candidate genes of NSTA have been revealed, the genetic basis of NSTA needs to be further studied. We noticed an overlap of candidate genes between NSTA and STA, and hypothesized that some candidate genes of STA may be new candidate genes of NSTA. METHODS Sanger sequencing, whole exome sequencing, bioinformatics analyses and immunohistochemical staining were performed to reveal the genetic basis of the patients in a family with NSTA. RESULTS No pathogenic mutation was found in the 12 candidate genes of NSTA. We screened the variants of 76 STA candidate genes and identified a novel pathogenic mutation c.G908C (p.R303 P) in Keratinocyte Differentiation Factor 1 (KDF1). This mutation was cosegregated with the disease in the family. Bioinformatics analyses predicted the mutation to be pathogenic. Immunohistochemical staining of kdf1 in developing tooth germs indicated that kdf1 expression is important for the development of teeth. CONCLUSIONS This study identified KDF1 as a novel candidate gene for NSTA. STA candidate genes may be a promising source of new NSTA genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Zeng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xinlin Yu
- International Department, The Affiliated High School of SCNU, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
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17
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Ma X, Lv X, Liu HY, Wu X, Wang L, Li H, Chou HY. Genetic diagnosis for X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia family with a novel Ectodysplasin A gene mutation. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22593. [PMID: 30006944 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To make a gene diagnosis for a family with Ectodysplasin A (EDA) gene mutation as well as prenatal diagnosis, and report a novel EDA gene mutation. METHODS All coding sequences and flanking sequences of EDA gene were analyzed by Sanger sequencing in the proband, and then, according to EDA gene mutation in the proband, the EDA gene sequencing was performed on the family members. Based on the results above, the pathogenic mutation in EDA gene was finally identified, which was used for making prenatal diagnosis. RESULTS Sanger sequencing revealed c.302_303delCC [p.Pro101HisfsX11] mutation in EDA gene of the proband. This mutation induced EDA gene frame shift mutation which led to early termination of EDA gene translation because there was a termination codon TAA at the 11th codon behind the mutational site. Heterozygous deletion mutation (CC/--) at this locus was observed in the proband's mother and proband's grandmother, but the proband's aunt had no mutation at this locus. The analyses of amniotic fluid samples indicated negative sex-determining region on Y (SRY), and c.302_303delCC heterozygous deletion mutation. CONCLUSION We identified a pathogenetic mutation in EDA gene for the X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia family, made a prenatal diagnosis for the female carrier, and reported a novel EDA gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Lv
- Department of Health Management, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Institute of Medical Genetics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Pediatric, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Chou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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18
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Meshram GG, Kaur N, Hura KS. A case report of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: A mini-review with latest updates. J Family Med Prim Care 2018; 7:264-266. [PMID: 29915774 PMCID: PMC5958584 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_20_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare hereditary disorder involving two or more of the ectodermal structures, which include the skin, hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands. The two most common forms of the disease are hypohidrotic/anhidrotic ED and hidrotic ED. They are caused by the mutations of several genes. We present a case of a 9-year-old child with hypohidrotic ED, who presented with hypodontia, dyshidrosis, hypotrichosis, and raised body temperature. We treated the raised body temperature symptomatically with cooling techniques and antipyretics. A multidisciplinary approach with physicians from several fields is required to provide comprehensive medical care to patients with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Gulab Meshram
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Kaur
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Centre, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kanwaljeet Singh Hura
- Department of Paediatrics, Richmond University Medical Centre, Staten Island, New York, USA
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19
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Neurocristopathies: New insights 150 years after the neural crest discovery. Dev Biol 2018; 444 Suppl 1:S110-S143. [PMID: 29802835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent and migratory cell population that generates an astonishingly diverse array of cell types during vertebrate development. These cells, which originate from the ectoderm in a region lateral to the neural plate in the neural fold, give rise to neurons, glia, melanocytes, chondrocytes, smooth muscle cells, odontoblasts and neuroendocrine cells, among others. Neurocristopathies (NCP) are a class of pathologies occurring in vertebrates, especially in humans that result from the abnormal specification, migration, differentiation or death of neural crest cells during embryonic development. Various pigment, skin, thyroid and hearing disorders, craniofacial and heart abnormalities, malfunctions of the digestive tract and tumors can also be considered as neurocristopathies. In this review we revisit the current classification and propose a new way to classify NCP based on the embryonic origin of the affected tissues, on recent findings regarding the molecular mechanisms that drive NC formation, and on the increased complexity of current molecular embryology techniques.
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Westgate GE, Ginger RS, Green MR. The biology and genetics of curly hair. Exp Dermatol 2018; 26:483-490. [PMID: 28370528 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hair fibres show wide diversity across and within all human populations, suggesting that hair fibre form and colour have been subject to much adaptive pressure over thousands of years. All human hair fibres typically have the same basic structure. However, the three-dimensional shape of the entire fibre varies considerably depending on ethnicity and geography, with examples from very straight hair with no rotational turn about the long axis, to the tightly sprung coils of African races. The creation of the highly complex biomaterials in hair follicle and how these confer mechanical functions on the fibre so formed is a topic that remains relatively unexplained thus far. We review the current understanding on how hair fibres are formed into a nonlinear coiled form and which genetic and biological factors are thought to be responsible for hair shape. We report on a new GWAS comparing low and high curl individuals in South Africa, revealing strong links to polymorphic variation in trichohyalin, a copper transporter protein CUTC and the inner root sheath component keratin 74. This builds onto the growing knowledge base describing the control of curly hair formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian E Westgate
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Rebecca S Ginger
- Unilever R&D Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Martin R Green
- Unilever R&D Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK
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21
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Boyce ST, Lalley AL. Tissue engineering of skin and regenerative medicine for wound care. BURNS & TRAUMA 2018; 6:4. [PMID: 30009192 PMCID: PMC6040609 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-017-0103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineering of biologic skin substitutes has progressed over time from individual applications of skin cells, or biopolymer scaffolds, to combinations of cells and scaffolds for treatment, healing, and closure of acute and chronic skin wounds. Skin substitutes may be categorized into three groups: acellular scaffolds, temporary substitutes containing allogeneic skin cells, and permanent substitutes containing autologous skin cells. Combined use of acellular dermal substitutes with permanent skin substitutes containing autologous cells has been shown to provide definitive wound closure in burns involving greater than 90% of the total body surface area. These advances have contributed to reduced morbidity and mortality from both acute and chronic wounds but, to date, have failed to replace all of the structures and functions of the skin. Among the remaining deficiencies in cellular or biologic skin substitutes are hypopigmentation, absence of stable vascular and lymphatic networks, absence of hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands, and incomplete innervation. Correction of these deficiencies depends on regulation of biologic pathways of embryonic and fetal development to restore the full anatomy and physiology of uninjured skin. Elucidation and integration of developmental biology into future models of biologic skin substitutes promises to restore complete anatomy and physiology, and further reduce morbidity from skin wounds and scar. This article offers a review of recent advances in skin cell thrapies and discusses the future prospects in cutaneous regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T Boyce
- 1Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670558, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0558 USA.,2Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
| | - Andrea L Lalley
- 2Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
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Zeng B, Zhao Q, Li S, Lu H, Lu J, Ma L, Zhao W, Yu D. Novel EDA or EDAR Mutations Identified in Patients with X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia or Non-Syndromic Tooth Agenesis. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100259. [PMID: 28981473 PMCID: PMC5664109 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Both X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) and non-syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA) result in symptoms of congenital tooth loss. This study investigated genetic causes in two families with XLHED and four families with NSTA. We screened for mutations of WNT10A, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, LRP6, and WNT10B through Sanger sequencing. Whole exome sequencing was performed for the proband of NSTA Family 4. Novel mutation c.1051G>T (p.Val351Phe) and the known mutation c.467G>A (p.Arg156His) of Ectodysplasin A (EDA) were identified in families with XLHED. Novel EDA receptor (EDAR) mutation c.73C>T (p.Arg25*), known EDA mutation c.491A>C (p.Glu164Ala), and known Wnt family member 10A (WNT10A) mutations c.511C>T (p.Arg171Cys) and c.742C>T (p.Arg248*) were identified in families with NSTA. The novel EDA and EDAR mutations were predicted as being pathogenic through bioinformatics analyses and structural modeling. Two variants of WNT10A, c.374G>A (p.Arg125Lys) and c.125A>G (p.Asn42Ser), were found in patients with NSTA. The two WNT10A variants were predicted to affect the splicing of message RNA, but minigene experiments showed normal splicing of mutated minigenes. This study uncovered the genetic foundations with respect to six families with XLHED or NSTA. We identified six mutations, of which two were novel mutations of EDA and EDAR. This is the first report of a nonsense EDAR mutation leading to NSTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Zeng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
| | - Sijie Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Hui Lu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Jiaxuan Lu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Lan Ma
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
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Dong T, Zhang Z, Zhou W, Zhou X, Geng C, Chang LK, Tian X, Liu S. WNT10A/β-catenin pathway in tumorigenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1287-1294. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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WNT10A mutation causes ectodermal dysplasia by impairing progenitor cell proliferation and KLF4-mediated differentiation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15397. [PMID: 28589954 PMCID: PMC5467248 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human WNT10A mutations are associated with developmental tooth abnormalities and adolescent onset of a broad range of ectodermal defects. Here we show that β-catenin pathway activity and adult epithelial progenitor proliferation are reduced in the absence of WNT10A, and identify Wnt-active self-renewing stem cells in affected tissues including hair follicles, sebaceous glands, taste buds, nails and sweat ducts. Human and mouse WNT10A mutant palmoplantar and tongue epithelia also display specific differentiation defects that are mimicked by loss of the transcription factor KLF4. We find that β-catenin interacts directly with region-specific LEF/TCF factors, and with KLF4 in differentiating, but not proliferating, cells to promote expression of specialized keratins required for normal tissue structure and integrity. Our data identify WNT10A as a critical ligand controlling adult epithelial proliferation and region-specific differentiation, and suggest downstream β-catenin pathway activation as a potential approach to ameliorate regenerative defects in WNT10A patients. Human WNT10A mutations are associated with dental defects and adult onset ectodermal dysplasia. Xu et al. show that WNT10A-activated ß-catenin plays dual roles in adult epithelial progenitor proliferation and differentiation by complexing with KLF4 in differentiating, but not proliferating, cells.
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