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Saito Y, Ishiyama A, Saito Y, Komaki H, Sasaki M. Myelin abnormalities in merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:55-63. [PMID: 37933889 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Merosin is a protein complex located in the basement membrane of skeletal muscles and laminin α2-containing regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, because of the prominence of muscle-related symptoms, peripheral neuropathy associated with merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (MDC1A) has received little clinical attention. This study aimed to present pathological changes in intramuscular nerves of three patients with MDC1A and discuss their relationship with electrophysiological findings to provide new evidence of peripheral nerve involvement in MDC1A. METHODS MDC1A was confirmed by clinical features, muscle biopsy, and genetic testing for variants in LAMA2. To clarify peripheral nerve involvement, we statistically evaluated electrophysiological and muscle pathology findings of intramuscular nerves. These findings were compared with those of age-matched boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) as controls with normal nerves. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) were performed before biopsy. Biopsied intramuscular nerves were examined with electron microscopy using g-ratio, which is the ratio of axon diameter to myelinated fiber diameter. RESULTS The myelin sheaths were significantly thinner in MDC1A patients than in age-matched DMD patients, with a mean g-ratio of 0.76 ± 0.07 in MDC1A patients and 0.65 ± 0.14 in DMD patients (p < .0001). No neuropathic changes were identified in muscle pathology. Low compound muscle action potential amplitudes, positive sharp waves and fibrillation potentials, and low-amplitude motor unit potentials with increased polyphasia indicated myopathic changes; no neurogenic changes were seen. DISCUSSION We postulate that the thin myelin associated with MDC1A reflects the role of merosin in myelin maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishiyama
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Komaki
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sasaki
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
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Wijekoon N, Gonawala L, Ratnayake P, Dissanayaka P, Gunarathne I, Amaratunga D, Liyanage R, Senanayaka S, Wijesekara S, Gunasekara HH, Vanarsa K, Castillo J, Hathout Y, Dalal A, Steinbusch HW, Hoffman E, Mohan C, de Silva KRD. Integrated genomic, proteomic and cognitive assessment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy suggest astrocyte centric pathology. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18530. [PMID: 37593636 PMCID: PMC10432191 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Documented Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) biomarkers are confined to Caucasians and are poor indicators of cognitive difficulties and neuropsychological alterations. Materials and methods This study correlates serum protein signatures with cognitive performance in DMD patients of South Asian origin. Study included 25 DMD patients aged 6-16 years. Cognitive profiles were assessed by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Serum proteome profiling of 1317 proteins was performed in eight DMD patients and eight age-matched healthy volunteers. Results Among the several novel observations we report, better cognitive performance in DMD was associated with increased serum levels of MMP9 and FN1 but decreased Siglec-3, C4b, and C3b. Worse cognitive performance was associated with increased serum levels of LDH-H1 and PDGF-BB but reduced GDF-11, MMP12, TPSB2, and G1B. Secondly, better cognitive performance in Processing Speed (PSI) and Perceptual Reasoning (PRI) domains was associated with intact Dp116, Dp140, and Dp71 dystrophin isoforms while better performance in Verbal Comprehension (VCI) and Working Memory (WMI) domains was associated with intact Dp116 and Dp140 isoforms. Finally, functional pathways shared with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) point towards an astrocyte-centric model for DMD. Conclusion Astrocytic dysfunction leading to synaptic dysfunction reported previously in AD may be a common pathogenic mechanism underlying both AD and DMD, linking protein alterations to cognitive impairment. This new insight may pave the path towards novel therapeutic approaches targeting reactive astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalaka Wijekoon
- Interdisciplinary Center for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
- Department of Cellular and Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lakmal Gonawala
- Interdisciplinary Center for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
- Department of Cellular and Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pulasthi Dissanayaka
- Interdisciplinary Center for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Isuru Gunarathne
- Interdisciplinary Center for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Roshan Liyanage
- Interdisciplinary Center for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Saraji Wijesekara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, 10250, Sri Lanka
- Colombo South Teaching Hospital, 10350, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Kamala Vanarsa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Houston, Houston, 77204, USA
| | - Jessica Castillo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Houston, Houston, 77204, USA
| | - Yetrib Hathout
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, New York, USA
| | - Ashwin Dalal
- Diagnostics Division, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, India
| | - Harry W.M. Steinbusch
- Department of Cellular and Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Hoffman
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, New York, USA
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Houston, Houston, 77204, USA
| | - K. Ranil D. de Silva
- Interdisciplinary Center for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
- Department of Cellular and Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Combinatorial Advanced Research and Education (KDU-CARE), General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, 10390, Sri Lanka
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Stefano MED, Ferretti V, Mozzetta C. Synaptic alterations as a neurodevelopmental trait of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 168:105718. [PMID: 35390481 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystrophinopaties, e.g., Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy and X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy are inherited neuromuscular diseases, characterized by progressive muscular degeneration, which however associate with a significant impact on general system physiology. The more severe is the pathology and its diversified manifestations, the heavier are its effects on organs, systems, and tissues other than muscles (skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles). All dystrophinopaties are characterized by mutations in a single gene located on the X chromosome encoding dystrophin (Dp427) and its shorter isoforms, but DMD is the most devasting: muscular degenerations manifests within the first 4 years of life, progressively affecting motility and other muscular functions, and leads to a fatal outcome between the 20s and 40s. To date, after years of studies on both DMD patients and animal models of the disease, it has been clearly demonstrated that a significant percentage of DMD patients are also afflicted by cognitive, neurological, and autonomic disorders, of varying degree of severity. The anatomical correlates underlying neural functional damages are established during embryonic development and the early stages of postnatal life, when brain circuits, sensory and motor connections are still maturing. The impact of the absence of Dp427 on the development, differentiation, and consolidation of specific cerebral circuits (hippocampus, cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, amygdala) is significant, and amplified by the frequent lack of one or more of its lower molecular mass isoforms. The most relevant aspect, which characterizes DMD-associated neurological disorders, is based on morpho-functional alterations of selective synaptic connections within the affected brain areas. This pathological feature correlates neurological conditions of DMD to other severe neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia, epilepsy and autistic spectrum disorders, among others. This review discusses the organization and the role of the dystrophin-dystroglycan complex in muscles and neurons, focusing on the neurological aspect of DMD and on the most relevant morphological and functional synaptic alterations, in both central and autonomic nervous systems, described in the pathology and its animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Egle De Stefano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; Center for Research in Neurobiology Daniel Bovet, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Ferretti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; Center for Research in Neurobiology Daniel Bovet, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Mozzetta
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy c/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Lange J, Gillham O, Alkharji R, Eaton S, Ferrari G, Madej M, Flower M, Tedesco FS, Muntoni F, Ferretti P. Dystrophin deficiency affects human astrocyte properties and response to damage. Glia 2022; 70:466-490. [PMID: 34773297 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In addition to progressive muscular degeneration due to dystrophin mutations, 1/3 of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients present cognitive deficits. However, there is currently an incomplete understanding about the function of the multiple dystrophin isoforms in human brains. Here, we tested the hypothesis that dystrophin deficiency affects glial function in DMD and could therefore contribute to neural impairment. We investigated human dystrophin isoform expression with development and differentiation and response to damage in human astrocytes from control and induced pluripotent stem cells from DMD patients. In control cells, short dystrophin isoforms were up-regulated with development and their expression levels changed differently upon neuronal and astrocytic differentiation, as well as in 2-dimensional versus 3-dimensional astrocyte cultures. All DMD-astrocytes tested displayed altered morphology, proliferative activity and AQP4 expression. Furthermore, they did not show any morphological change in response to inflammatory stimuli and their number was significantly lower as compared to stimulated healthy astrocytes. Finally, DMD-astrocytes appeared to be more sensitive than controls to oxidative damage as shown by their increased cell death. Behavioral and metabolic defects in DMD-astrocytes were consistent with gene pathway dysregulation shared by lines with different mutations as demonstrated by bulk RNA-seq analysis. Together, our DMD model provides evidence for altered astrocyte function in DMD suggesting that defective astrocyte responses may contribute to neural impairment and might provide additional potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lange
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Olivia Gillham
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Reem Alkharji
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia Ferrari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Monika Madej
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Michael Flower
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, & Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, UK
| | - Patrizia Ferretti
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Ohlendieck K, Swandulla D. Complexity of skeletal muscle degeneration: multi-systems pathophysiology and organ crosstalk in dystrophinopathy. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1813-1839. [PMID: 34553265 PMCID: PMC8599371 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a highly progressive muscle wasting disorder due to primary abnormalities in one of the largest genes in the human genome, the DMD gene, which encodes various tissue-specific isoforms of the protein dystrophin. Although dystrophinopathies are classified as primary neuromuscular disorders, the body-wide abnormalities that are associated with this disorder and the occurrence of organ crosstalk suggest that a multi-systems pathophysiological view should be taken for a better overall understanding of the complex aetiology of X-linked muscular dystrophy. This article reviews the molecular and cellular effects of deficiency in dystrophin isoforms in relation to voluntary striated muscles, the cardio-respiratory system, the kidney, the liver, the gastrointestinal tract, the nervous system and the immune system. Based on the establishment of comprehensive biomarker signatures of X-linked muscular dystrophy using large-scale screening of both patient specimens and genetic animal models, this article also discusses the potential usefulness of novel disease markers for more inclusive approaches to differential diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring that also take into account multi-systems aspects of dystrophinopathy. Current therapeutic approaches to combat muscular dystrophy are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Co. Kildare, Maynooth, W23F2H6, Ireland.
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Maynooth, W23F2H6, Ireland.
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Starosta A, Konieczny P. Therapeutic aspects of cell signaling and communication in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4867-4891. [PMID: 33825942 PMCID: PMC8233280 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating chromosome X-linked disease that manifests predominantly in progressive skeletal muscle wasting and dysfunctions in the heart and diaphragm. Approximately 1/5000 boys and 1/50,000,000 girls suffer from DMD, and to date, the disease is incurable and leads to premature death. This phenotypic severity is due to mutations in the DMD gene, which result in the absence of functional dystrophin protein. Initially, dystrophin was thought to be a force transducer; however, it is now considered an essential component of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC), viewed as a multicomponent mechanical scaffold and a signal transduction hub. Modulating signal pathway activation or gene expression through epigenetic modifications has emerged at the forefront of therapeutic approaches as either an adjunct or stand-alone strategy. In this review, we propose a broader perspective by considering DMD to be a disease that affects myofibers and muscle stem (satellite) cells, as well as a disorder in which abrogated communication between different cell types occurs. We believe that by taking this systemic view, we can achieve safe and holistic treatments that can restore correct signal transmission and gene expression in diseased DMD tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Starosta
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Patryk Konieczny
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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7
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Lim KRQ, Nguyen Q, Yokota T. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy Patients from the Canadian Neuromuscular Disease Registry. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E241. [PMID: 33238405 PMCID: PMC7712074 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal neuromuscular disorder generally caused by out-of-frame mutations in the DMD gene. In contrast, in-frame mutations usually give rise to the milder Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). However, this reading frame rule does not always hold true. Therefore, an understanding of the relationships between genotype and phenotype is important for informing diagnosis and disease management, as well as the development of genetic therapies. Here, we evaluated genotype-phenotype correlations in DMD and BMD patients enrolled in the Canadian Neuromuscular Disease Registry from 2012 to 2019. Data from 342 DMD and 60 BMD patients with genetic test results were analyzed. The majority of patients had deletions (71%), followed by small mutations (17%) and duplications (10%); 2% had negative results. Two deletion hotspots were identified, exons 3-20 and exons 45-55, harboring 86% of deletions. Exceptions to the reading frame rule were found in 13% of patients with deletions. Surprisingly, C-terminal domain mutations were associated with decreased wheelchair use and increased forced vital capacity. Dp116 and Dp71 mutations were also linked with decreased wheelchair use, while Dp140 mutations significantly predicted cardiomyopathy. Finally, we found that 12.3% and 7% of DMD patients in the registry could be treated with FDA-approved exon 51- and 53-skipping therapies, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Rowel Q. Lim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (Q.N.)
| | - Quynh Nguyen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (Q.N.)
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (Q.N.)
- The Friends of Garrett Cumming Research & Muscular Dystrophy Canada, HM Toupin Neurological Science Research Chair, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
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Trucco F, Domingos JP, Tay CG, Ridout D, Maresh K, Munot P, Sarkozy A, Robb S, Quinlivan R, Riley M, Burch M, Fenton M, Wallis C, Chan E, Abel F, Manzur AY, Muntoni F. Cardiorespiratory Progression Over 5 Years and Role of Corticosteroids in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Chest 2020; 158:1606-1616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Petkova MV, Stantzou A, Morin A, Petrova O, Morales‐Gonzalez S, Seifert F, Bellec‐Dyevre J, Manoliu T, Goyenvalle A, Garcia L, Richard I, Laplace‐Builhé C, Schuelke M, Amthor H. Live‐imaging of revertant and therapeutically restored dystrophin in the
Dmd
EGFP‐mdx
mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 46:602-614. [DOI: 10.1111/nan.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Petkova
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
- Department of Neuropediatrics Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health (BIH)NeuroCure Clinical Research Center Berlin Germany
| | - A. Stantzou
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
| | - A. Morin
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
| | - O. Petrova
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
| | - S. Morales‐Gonzalez
- Department of Neuropediatrics Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health (BIH)NeuroCure Clinical Research Center Berlin Germany
| | - F. Seifert
- Department of Neuropediatrics Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health (BIH)NeuroCure Clinical Research Center Berlin Germany
| | - J. Bellec‐Dyevre
- Integrare (UMR_S951)InsermGénéthonUniv EvryUniversité Paris‐Saclay Evry France
| | - T. Manoliu
- Gustave RoussyUniversité Paris‐SaclayPlate‐forme Imagerie et Cytométrie.UMS AMMCa. Villejuif France
| | - A. Goyenvalle
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
- LIA BAHN Centre scientifique de Monaco Monaco
| | - L. Garcia
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
- LIA BAHN Centre scientifique de Monaco Monaco
| | - I. Richard
- Integrare (UMR_S951)InsermGénéthonUniv EvryUniversité Paris‐Saclay Evry France
| | - C. Laplace‐Builhé
- Gustave RoussyUniversité Paris‐SaclayPlate‐forme Imagerie et Cytométrie.UMS AMMCa. Villejuif France
| | - M. Schuelke
- Department of Neuropediatrics Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health (BIH)NeuroCure Clinical Research Center Berlin Germany
| | - H. Amthor
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermEND‐ICAP Versailles France
- Pediatric Department University Hospital Raymond Poincaré Garches France
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Implications of increased S100β and Tau5 proteins in dystrophic nerves of two mdx mouse models for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 105:103484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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11
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Congenital hearing impairment associated with peripheral cochlear nerve dysmyelination in glycosylation-deficient muscular dystrophy. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008826. [PMID: 32453729 PMCID: PMC7274486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most common sensory impairments and etiologically and genetically heterogeneous disorders in humans. Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle accompanied by non-muscular symptoms. Aberrant glycosylation of α-dystroglycan causes at least eighteen subtypes of MD, now categorized as MD-dystroglycanopathy (MD-DG), with a wide spectrum of non-muscular symptoms. Despite a growing number of MD-DG subtypes and increasing evidence regarding their molecular pathogeneses, no comprehensive study has investigated sensorineural HL (SNHL) in MD-DG. Here, we found that two mouse models of MD-DG, Largemyd/myd and POMGnT1-KO mice, exhibited congenital, non-progressive, and mild-to-moderate SNHL in auditory brainstem response (ABR) accompanied by extended latency of wave I. Profoundly abnormal myelination was found at the peripheral segment of the cochlear nerve, which is rich in the glycosylated α-dystroglycan–laminin complex and demarcated by “the glial dome.” In addition, patients with Fukuyama congenital MD, a type of MD-DG, also had latent SNHL with extended latency of wave I in ABR. Collectively, these findings indicate that hearing impairment associated with impaired Schwann cell-mediated myelination at the peripheral segment of the cochlear nerve is a notable symptom of MD-DG. Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most common sensory impairments and heterogeneous disorders in humans. Up to 60% of HL cases are caused by genetic factors, and approximately 30% of genetic HL cases are syndromic. Although 400–700 genetic syndromes are associated with sensorineural HL (SNHL), caused due to problems in the nerve pathways from the cochlea to the brain, only about 45 genes are known to be associated with syndromic HL. Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle accompanied by non-muscular symptoms. MD-dystroglycanopathy (MD-DG), caused by aberrant glycosylation of α-dystroglycan, is an MD subtype with a wide spectrum of non-muscular symptoms. Despite a growing number of MD-DG subtypes (at least 18), no comprehensive study has investigated SNHL in MD-DG. Here, we found that hearing impairment was associated with abnormal myelination of the peripheral segment of the cochlear nerve caused by impaired dystrophin–dystroglycan complex in two mouse models (type 3 and 6) of MD-DG and in patients (type 4) with MD-DG. This is the first comprehensive study investigating SNHL in MD-DG. Our findings may provide new insights into understanding the pathogenic characteristics and mechanisms underlying inherited syndromic hearing impairment.
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Intronic Alternative Polyadenylation in the Middle of the DMD Gene Produces Half-Size N-Terminal Dystrophin with a Potential Implication of ECG Abnormalities of DMD Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103555. [PMID: 32443516 PMCID: PMC7278912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The DMD gene is one of the largest human genes, being composed of 79 exons, and encodes dystrophin Dp427m which is deficient in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In some DMD patient, however, small size dystrophin reacting with antibody to N-terminal but not to C-terminal has been identified. The mechanism to produce N-terminal small size dystrophin remains unknown. Intronic polyadenylation is a mechanism that produces a transcript with a new 3′ terminal exon and a C-terminal truncated protein. In this study, intronic alternative polyadenylation was disclosed to occur in the middle of the DMD gene and produce the half-size N-terminal dystrophin Dp427m, Dpm234. The 3′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends revealed 421 bp sequence in the downstream of DMD exon 41 in U-251 glioblastoma cells. The cloned sequence composing of the 5′ end sequence of intron 41 was decided as the terminal exon, since it encoded poly (A) signal followed by poly (A) stretch. Subsequently, a fragment from DMD exon M1 to intron 41 was obtained by PCR amplification. This product was named Dpm234 after its molecular weight. However, Dpm234 was not PCR amplified in human skeletal and cardiac muscles. Remarkably, Dpm234 was PCR amplified in iPS-derived cardiomyocytes. Accordingly, Western blotting of cardiomyocyte proteins showed a band of 234 kDa reacting with dystrophin antibody to N-terminal, but not C-terminal. Clinically, DMD patients with mutations in the Dpm234 coding region were found to have a significantly higher likelihood of two ECG abnormal findings. Intronic alternative splicing was first revealed in Dp427m to produce small size dystrophin.
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Schwann cell-specific Dp116 is expressed in glioblastoma cells, revealing two novel DMD gene splicing patterns. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 20:100703. [PMID: 31737793 PMCID: PMC6849142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The DMD gene is one of the largest human genes, being composed of 79 exons. Dystrophin Dp116 expressed from the promoter in intron 55 is a Schwann cell-specific isoform. The pathophysiological roles of Dp116 are largely unknown, because of its limited expression. This study assessed the expression of Dp116 in glioblastoma cells and evaluated the splicing patterns of the DMD gene in these cells. Methods Full-length Dp116 cDNA was PCR amplified from U-251 glioblastoma cells. Dp116 protein was analyzed by Western blotting. Results Full-length Dp116 cDNA, extending from exon S1 to exon 79, was PCR amplified to avoid confusion with other DMD isoforms. The full-length Dp116 transcript was amplified as nearly 3 kb in size. Western blotting of U-251 cell lysates revealed a signal at a position corresponding to vector-expressed Dp116 protein, indicating that Dp116 is expressed in glioblastoma cells. Sequencing of the amplified product revealed five splice variants, all skipping exon 78. The most abundant transcript lacked only exon 78 (Dp116b), whereas the second most abundant transcript lacked both exons 71 and 78 (Dp116ab). A third transcript lacking exons 71–74 and 78 was also identified (Dp116bc). Two novel splicing patterns were also observed, one with a deletion of exons 68 and 69 (Dp116bΔ68-69) and the other with a 100 bp deletion in the 5’ terminal end of exon 75 (75s), which was produced by the activation of a cryptic splice acceptor site (Dp116b75s). However, the splicing patterns in glioblastoma cells of DMD exons in Dp116 and Dp71 showed no significant differences. Conclusions Dp116 is expressed in glioblastoma cells as five splicing variants, with Dp116b being the most abundant. Two novel splicing patterns of DMD exons were observed. Dp116 is a Schwann cell-specific dystrophin isoform. Dp116 was shown to be expressed in glioblastoma, a lethal cerebral malignancy. Skipping of exon 78 was the default pathway. Of the five alternatively spliced variants detected, Dp116b was the most abundant. DMD exons showed two novel splicing patterns, one with cryptic splice activation.
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Ortiz G, Vacca O, Bénard R, Dupas B, Sennlaub F, Guillonneau X, JA S, Tadayoni R, Rendon A, Giocanti-Aurégan A. Evidence of the involvement of dystrophin Dp71 in corneal angiogenesis. Mol Vis 2019; 25:714-721. [PMID: 31814696 PMCID: PMC6857772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to define the role of dystrophin Dp71 in corneal angiogenesis. METHODS Inflammation-induced corneal neovascularization experiments were performed in Dp71-null mice and C57BL/6J wild-type mice. RESULTS The corneal neovascular area covered by neovascularization was larger in the injured corneas of the Dp71-null mice compared to the corneas of the wild-type mice: 40.72% versus 26.33%, respectively (p<0.005). Moreover, increased angiogenesis was associated with a high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Similarly, aortic ring assays showed a significant enhancement of the neovascular area. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that dystrophin Dp71 could play an important role as a negative regulator of corneal angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Ortiz
- Sussex Eye Hospital - Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, NHS Trust, UK
| | - Ophélie Vacca
- Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute (Neuro-PSI), Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Romain Bénard
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Dupas
- Ophthalmology Department, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, Université Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, Paris, 75010, France
| | - Florian Sennlaub
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Guillonneau
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France
| | - Sahel JA
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France,Centre Hospitalier National d’ophtalmologie Des Quinze-Vingts, DHU View Maintain, Paris, France,Fondation Ophtalmologique Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Ramin Tadayoni
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France,Ophthalmology Department, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, Université Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, Paris, 75010, France
| | - Alvaro Rendon
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Giocanti-Aurégan
- Institut De La Vision, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S, 968, Paris, France, Paris, France,Ophthalmology department, Avicenne hospital, DHU vision and handicaps, 125 rue de Stalingrad, Bobigny
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Lionarons JM, Hoogland G, Hendriksen RGF, Faber CG, Hellebrekers DMJ, Van Koeveringe GA, Schipper S, Vles JSH. Dystrophin is expressed in smooth muscle and afferent nerve fibers in the rat urinary bladder. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:202-210. [PMID: 31095755 PMCID: PMC6771971 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With increasing life expectancy, comorbidities become overt in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Although micturition problems are common, bladder function is poorly understood in DMD. We studied dystrophin expression and multiple isoform involvement in the bladder during maturation to gain insights into their roles in micturition. METHODS Dystrophin distribution was evaluated in rat bladders by immunohistochemical colocalization with smooth muscle, interstitial, urothelial, and neuronal markers. Protein levels of Dp140, Dp71, and smooth muscle were quantitated by Western blotting of neonatal to adult rat bladders. RESULTS Dystrophin colocalized with smooth muscle cells and afferent nerve fibers. Dp71 was expressed two- to threefold higher compared with Dp140, independently of age. Age-related muscle mass changes did not influence isoform expression levels. DISCUSSION Dystrophin is expressed in smooth muscle cells and afferent nerve fibers in the urinary bladder, which underscores that micturition problems in DMD may have not solely a myogenic but also a neurogenic origin. Muscle Nerve 60: 202-210, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Lionarons
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Govert Hoogland
- School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben G F Hendriksen
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina G Faber
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Danique M J Hellebrekers
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gommert A Van Koeveringe
- School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Schipper
- School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan S H Vles
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Dystrophin Cardiomyopathies: Clinical Management, Molecular Pathogenesis and Evolution towards Precision Medicine. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7090291. [PMID: 30235804 PMCID: PMC6162458 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7090291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy is an X-linked neuromuscular disease that manifests as muscle atrophy and cardiomyopathy in young boys. However, a considerable percentage of carrier females are often diagnosed with cardiomyopathy at an advanced stage. Existing therapy is not disease-specific and has limited effect, thus many patients and symptomatic carrier females prematurely die due to heart failure. Early detection is one of the major challenges that muscular dystrophy patients, carrier females, family members and, research and medical teams face in the complex course of dystrophic cardiomyopathy management. Despite the widespread adoption of advanced imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance, there is much scope for refining the diagnosis and treatment of dystrophic cardiomyopathy. This comprehensive review will focus on the pertinent clinical aspects of cardiac disease in muscular dystrophy while also providing a detailed consideration of the known and developing concepts in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophy and forthcoming therapeutic options.
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