1
|
Chinunga TT, Chahroudi A, Ribeiro SP. Pediatric immunotherapy and HIV control. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2024; 19:201-211. [PMID: 38841850 PMCID: PMC11155294 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Highlighting opportunities/potential for immunotherapy by understanding dynamics of HIV control during pediatric HIV infection with and without antiretroviral therapy (ART), as modeled in Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and Simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected rhesus macaques and observed in clinical trials. This review outlines mode of transmission, pathogenesis of pediatric HIV, unique aspects of the infant immune system, infant macaque models and immunotherapies. RECENT FINDINGS During the earliest stages of perinatal HIV infection, the infant immune system is characterized by a unique environment defined by immune tolerance and lack of HIV-specific T cell responses which contribute to disease progression. Moreover, primary lymphoid organs such as the thymus appear to play a distinct role in HIV pathogenesis in children living with HIV (CLWH). Key components of the immune system determine the degree of viral control, targets for strategies to induce viral control, and the response to immunotherapy. The pursuit of highly potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) and T cell vaccines has revolutionized the approach to HIV cure. Administration of HIV-1-specific bNAbs, targeting the highly variable envelope improves humoral immunity, and T cell vaccines induce or improve T cell responses such as the cytotoxic effects of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells, both of which are promising options towards virologic control and ART-free remission as evidenced by completed and ongoing clinical trials. SUMMARY Understanding early events during HIV infection and disease progression in CLWH serves as a foundation for predicting or targeting later outcomes by harnessing the immune system's natural responses. The developing pediatric immune system offers multiple opportunities for specific long-term immunotherapies capable of improving quality of life during adolescence and adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tehillah T. Chinunga
- Program in Immunology and Molecular Pathogenesis, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University
| | - Ann Chahroudi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University
| | - Susan P. Ribeiro
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit (PATRU), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine
- Emory Vaccine Center
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Radoi CL, Zlatian O, Balasoiu M, Dragomir TL, Sorop MI, Bagiu IC, Boeriu E, Susan M, Sorop B, Oprisoni LA, Iliescu DG. Seroprevalence of Anti-Cytomegalovirus Antibodies in Pregnant Women from South-West Romania. Microorganisms 2024; 12:268. [PMID: 38399672 PMCID: PMC10893531 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), in addition to other agents, is part of the TORCH complex (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex viruses, and other agents). CMV infection is the most frequent cause of congenital malformations. This study aimed to establish the variation of prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in pregnant women from the South-West region of Romania, according to demographic factors, such as age and area of residence, in two separate time periods (2013-2016 and 2019-2022). We collected from the hospital records the age, place of residence, and anti-CMV antibody test results using immune electrochemiluminescence and chemiluminescence. This study found that the seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgM antibodies increased slightly from 2013-2016 to 2019-2022, from 1.92% to 2.26%, and for IgG antibodies from 93.68% to 94.96%. In both groups was observed a descending trend of anti-CMV IgM seroprevalence with an increase in age, showing a decrease in seroprevalence from 3.57% to 1.09% in pregnant women from rural areas in the 31-35 years age group, while in urban areas, we observed a decrease in seroprevalence from 11.11% to 3.06% in the <20 years age group. The IgG seroprevalence showed an increase both in rural areas (from 93.97% to 95.52%) and urban areas (from 93.52% to 94.27%). In both groups, seroprevalence was higher in rural areas compared to urban regions. These results show a high rate of immunization against CMV in pregnant women in South-West Romania, which led to a low risk of acquiring the primary infection during pregnancy. However, the increase in the rate of primary CMV infections in pregnancy suggests the need for prioritizing screening programs and improving the existing protocols to enhance maternal and child healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Luiza Radoi
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Medical Laboratory, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.Z.); (M.B.)
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Maria Balasoiu
- Medical Laboratory, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.Z.); (M.B.)
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Tiberiu-Liviu Dragomir
- Department of Internal Medicine I, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Madalina Ioana Sorop
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Department of Microbiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance (MULTI-REZ), Microbiology Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Estera Boeriu
- Department of Pediatrics, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Susan
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Centre for Preventive Medicine,”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Sorop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Licinia Andrada Oprisoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Discipline of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Dominic Gabriel Iliescu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdel-Latif ME. Editorial for Special Issue "Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Health". Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2461. [PMID: 37685495 PMCID: PMC10487793 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The maternal, foetal, and neonatal health field has witnessed remarkable advancements in recent years, driven by cutting-edge research and innovative technologies [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Abdel-Latif
- Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Garran, Canberra, ACT 2606, Australia; ; Tel.: +61-2-6174-7565
- Department of Public Health, College of Science Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
- Discipline of Neonatology, School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Radoi CL, Zlatian O, Balasoiu M, Giubelan L, Stoian AC, Dragonu L, Neacsu A, Iliescu DG. Seroprevalence of Infections with TORCH Agents in Romania: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2120. [PMID: 37630680 PMCID: PMC10459641 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal-fetal infectious pathology-notably the TORCH panel (Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex viruses)-critically impacts maternal and neonatal health. This review collates data on the seroprevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against TORCH agents in Romanian women, aiming to discern regional and population differences and identify risk factors. Twenty studies were included in the review, revealing variable seroprevalence rates across the country. Regions such as Moldavia and Banat showed higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence rates than Bihor, with notable declines in Banat. Rural, older, and multiparous women showed elevated T. gondii IgG rates. Anti-rubella vaccine introduction significantly reduced the prevalence of anti-rubella IgG antibodies, but recent vaccination coverage decreases raise concerns. CMV and HSV seroprevalence varied geographically, with rural areas generally showing higher CMV rates and HSV influenced by factors like education level and number of sexual partners. Concurrent seroprevalence of multiple TORCH components in some cases underscores potential common risk factors. This study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and preventive measures such as vaccinations and awareness campaigns to mitigate the health impact on the pregnant population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Luiza Radoi
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.L.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Medical Laboratory, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Maria Balasoiu
- Medical Laboratory, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Lucian Giubelan
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.G.); (A.C.S.); (L.D.)
- “Victor Babes” Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Clinical Hospital, 200515 Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Cristina Stoian
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.G.); (A.C.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Livia Dragonu
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.G.); (A.C.S.); (L.D.)
- “Victor Babes” Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Clinical Hospital, 200515 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexandru Neacsu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.L.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Dominic Gabriel Iliescu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Radoi CL, Zlatian OM, Balasoiu M, Giubelan L, Stoian AC, Dragonu L, Neacsu A, Iliescu DG. Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence and Trends in Women Presenting for Toxoplasma Screening in South-West Romania. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2057. [PMID: 37630617 PMCID: PMC10458910 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is a globally prevalent zoonotic disease with potentially severe implications for immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and their fetuses/children. This study examined the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies in two groups of childbearing age women, including 653 participants in Group 1 (2013-2016) and 3221 participants in Group 2 (2019-2022). Our results revealed a decrease in the overall positivity rate of anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies from 2.32% to 1.06%, suggesting improved public health interventions over time. However, there were variations among different age groups and between rural and urban environments, with a significant decrease in urban areas across all age groups from Group 1 to Group 2. Regarding anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies, we did not observe a significant change in the seropositivity rate between the two groups. In the rural population with an age group over 35 years, we observed the highest positivity rate in Group 2. This study provided information on the risk factors and burden of toxoplasmosis in women of childbearing age with data that can be valuable to public health policies and the planning of healthcare measures for effective toxoplasmosis management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Luiza Radoi
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.L.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Ovidiu Mircea Zlatian
- Medical Laboratory, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Maria Balasoiu
- Medical Laboratory, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Microbiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Lucian Giubelan
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.G.); (A.C.S.); (L.D.)
- “Victor Babes” Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Clinical Hospital, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Cristina Stoian
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.G.); (A.C.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Livia Dragonu
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.G.); (A.C.S.); (L.D.)
- “Victor Babes” Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Clinical Hospital, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexandru Neacsu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.L.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Dominic Gabriel Iliescu
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caministeanu F, Manolescu LSC, Malița MA, Perieanu VȘ, Marcov EC, Babiuc I, Ionescu C, Pîrvu CF, Costea RC, Voinescu I, Burlibasa L, Prasacu I, Burlibasa M. Ageing People Living with HIV/AIDS, PLWHA; More Dental Challenges; the Romanian Dental Professional's Point of View. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051096. [PMID: 37240741 DOI: 10.3390/life13051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Romania, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) were first acknowledged in 1989. Getting older with HIV/AIDS is now possible due to antiretroviral treatment, but it can bring dental problems due to HIV itself or to the reluctance of dental professionals to treat dental problems. Our study aims to assess the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of Romanian dental professionals regarding aging PLWHA. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional observational survey based on a self-administered questionnaire was conducted for Romanian dental professionals from October 2022 to January 2023. RESULTS The responders' group profile was as follows: a mean age of 39.09 ± 0.36 years (limit: 19-75), a majority of 991 (90.01%) from urban dental offices, and 364 (33.06%) with more than twenty years' experience. A total of 517 (46.95%) responders had an unprofessional attitude and declared that, if possible, they would avoid taking part in performing dental treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There were 89 (8.08%) dental professionals that refused to work with PLWHA. Only 363 (32.97%) had worked with one previously. The dental professionals in rural areas refused PLWHA more frequently: 20% (N = 22) of rural dental professionals vs. 6.76% (N = 67) of urban dental professionals refused to work with PLWHA (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.16-.56). The logistic regression applied for the 1101 responders revealed after stepwise selection that the most influential factor for their refusal to work with PLWHA in our study group was being previously exposed to HIV during dental practice (OR = 14.45; 95% CI: 8.55- 24.42; p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS Dental educators and health care planners should promote the knowledge of prophylaxis and positive attitudes towards the treatment of PLWHA. Successful resolution of these concerns is time consuming and expensive but necessary if dentists are to satisfy their professional obligations to HIV/AIDS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florentina Caministeanu
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredana Sabina Cornelia Manolescu
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mădălina Adriana Malița
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel Ștefan Perieanu
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Cristina Marcov
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 0102210 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Babiuc
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Ionescu
- Department of Dental Prostheses, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 0102210 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Florentina Pîrvu
- Department Scientific Research Methodology-Ergonomics, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 0102210 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Catalin Costea
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Voinescu
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Burlibasa
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Prasacu
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Burlibasa
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lam PPY, Zhou N, Yiu CKY, Wong HM. Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Oral Health among Children Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191911943. [PMID: 36231240 PMCID: PMC9565507 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is an integral component of general health and well-being but might be undermined among children living with HIV (CLWH) due to the condition itself or the antiretroviral therapy (ART) received. This review summarises the current evidence and compares the oral health status of the CLWH who were treatment-naïve with those undergoing different ART medications. Fourteen studies were included in the final qualitative and quantitative analyses. This review identified no significant difference in the prevalence of caries, periodontal conditions, and tooth development between both groups. Orofacial opportunistic infections were more prevalent in the CLWH without ART. Children undergoing ART with a duration longer than 3 years had a significantly lower prevalence of oral candidiasis and CD4+ T-cell counts. However, due to the insufficient number of well-administered case-control studies with adequate sample size, the quality of the evidence in all outcomes was of very low certainty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Pui Ying Lam
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ni Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2859-0261
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arbune M, Calin AM, Iancu AV, Dumitru CN, Arbune AA. A Real-Life Action toward the End of HIV Pandemic: Surveillance of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in a Center from Southeast Romania. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175020. [PMID: 36078949 PMCID: PMC9457399 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission is a strategy to eliminate new infections to move toward a world free of HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the perinatal infection prevention program in a single center from southeast Romania. Newborns of HIV-positive mothers from 2005 to 2020 were followed-up until the age of two in a retrospective study. The transmission rate from HIV-positive mothers to living children was zero, but neonatal mortality, preterm birth and birth defects were still high. The peculiarity of our study is the high proportion of mothers with a nosocomial pattern of HIV transmission. Intensifying the efforts for accurate implementing the interventions for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, a long time follow-up for HIV-exposed uninfected children and new research on related HIV pregnancies are necessary to reach the objective of a new generation free of HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Arbune
- Clinical Medical Department, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Infectious Diseases Clinic Department I, Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital Galati, 800179 Galati, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Alina Mihaela Calin
- Clinic Surgical Department, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Sf. Apostol Andrei, 800578 Galati, Romania
| | - Alina Viorica Iancu
- Morphological and Functional Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galați, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Clinic Laboratory Department, Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital Galati, 800179 Galati, Romania
| | - Caterina Nela Dumitru
- Clinic Laboratory Department, Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital Galati, 800179 Galati, Romania
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Anca Adriana Arbune
- Neurology Clinic, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (A.A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eleje GU, Onubogu CU, Fiebai PO, Mbachu II, Akaba GO, Loto OM, Usman HA, Rabiu A, Chibuzor MT, Chukwuanukwu RC, Joe-Ikechebelu NN, Nwankwo CH, Kalu SO, Ogbuagu CN, Chukwurah SN, Uzochukwu CE, Oppah IC, Ahmed A, Egeonu RO, Jibuaku CH, Inuyomi SO, Adesoji BA, Anyang UI, Ogwaluonye UC, Emeka EA, Igue OE, Okoro OD, Aja PO, Chidozie CP, Ibrahim HS, Aliyu FE, Numan AI, Omoruyi SA, Umeononihu OS, Okoro CC, Nwaeju IK, Onwuegbuna AA, Umeh EO, Nweje SI, Eleje LI, Ajuba IC, Ikwuka DC, Igbodike EP, Chigbo CG, Ebubedike UR, Okafor CG, Obiegbu NP, Yakasai IA, Ezechi OC, Ikechebelu JI. Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221095411. [PMID: 35509955 PMCID: PMC9058348 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221095411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To systematically review literature and identify mother-to-child transmission rates of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual, or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria. PRISMA guidelines were employed. Searches were on 19 February 2021 in PubMed, Google Scholar and CINAHL on studies published from 1 February 2001 to 31 January 2021 using keywords: "MTCT," "dual infection," "triplex infection," "HIV," "HBV," and "HCV." Studies that reported mother-to-child transmission rate of at least any of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women and their infant pairs with single, dual, or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria irrespective of publication status or language were eligible. Data were extracted independently by two authors with disagreements resolved by a third author. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird, to produce summary mother-to-child transmission rates in terms of percentage with 95% confidence interval. Protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020202070. The search identified 849 reports. After screening titles and abstracts, 25 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 18 were included for meta-analysis. We identified one ongoing study. Pooled mother-to-child transmission rates were 2.74% (95% confidence interval: 2.48%-2.99%; 5863 participants; 15 studies) and 55.49% (95% confidence interval: 35.93%-75.04%; 433 participants; three studies), among mother-infant pairs with mono-infection of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus, respectively, according to meta-analysis. Overall, the studies showed a moderate risk of bias. The pooled rate of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus was 2.74% and hepatitis B virus was 55.49% among mother-infant pairs with mono-infection of HIV and hepatitis B virus, respectively. No data exists on rates of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus on mono-infection or mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among mother-infant pairs with dual or triplex infection of HIV, hepatitis B virus and HCV in Nigeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Uchenna Eleje
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Preye Owen Fiebai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Otuodichinma Akaba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi Morebise Loto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Hadiza Abdullahi Usman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Ayyuba Rabiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Moriam Taiwo Chibuzor
- Cochrane Nigeria, Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Ngozi Nneka Joe-Ikechebelu
- Department of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Stephen Okoroafor Kalu
- HIV Care Laboratory/HIV Care Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Shirley Nneka Chukwurah
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Ijeoma Chioma Oppah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Aishat Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Richard Obinwanne Egeonu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Bukola Abimbola Adesoji
- Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Ubong Inyang Anyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Ekene Agatha Emeka
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Odion Emmanuel Igue
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Ogbonna Dennis Okoro
- Department of Parasitology & Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Prince Ogbonnia Aja
- Immunology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Hadiza Sani Ibrahim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Fatima Ele Aliyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Aisha Ismaila Numan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Solace Amechi Omoruyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Osita Samuel Umeononihu
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Ifeanyi Kingsley Nwaeju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Eric Okechukwu Umeh
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Sussan Ifeyinwa Nweje
- Department of Nursing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Lydia Ijeoma Eleje
- Measurement, Evaluation and Research Unit, Department of Educational Foundations, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Clara Ajuba
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Emeka Philip Igbodike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Georges Hospital Memorial Centre, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Nnaedozie Paul Obiegbu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Adamu Yakasai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|