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Cayo-Rojas C, Córdova-Limaylla N, Ladera-Castañeda M, Briceño-Vergel G, López-Gurreonero C, Castro-Mena M, Cornejo-Pinto A, Agramonte-Rosell R, Cervantes-Ganoza L. Psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic in dental interns from the Peruvian capital: A cross-sectional study under a multivariable regression model. Front Public Health 2022; 10:996921. [PMID: 36620256 PMCID: PMC9811120 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.996921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Psychological distress can be considered a maladaptive response to a stressful situation that occurs when external events or stressors impose demands that cannot be coped with. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the sociodemographic factors associated with psychological distress in dental interns from the Peruvian capital facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods This analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 392 Stomatology interns from the Peruvian capital from June to July 2022. The validated COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) scale to detect the levels of psychological distress consisted of four dimensions: negative mood, changes in behavior and cognitive skills, fatigue and hyperreactivity, and somatization. Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used for bivariable analysis. In addition, a logit model was used to assess the influence of variables: sex (X1), age group (X2), marital status (X3), monthly economic income (X4), working area in the capital city (X5), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (X6), with the psychological distress levels, considering a significance p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of psychological distress in dental interns was severe in 6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9-8.8%] and mild in 37.8% (95% CI: 33.0-42.6%). According to bivariable analysis, the levels of psychological distress by COVID-19 were not significantly associated with sex (p = 0.190), age group (p = 0.418), marital status (p = 0.554), monthly economic income (p = 0.327), working area in the capital city (p = 0.993), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (p = 0.134). In addition, according to the logistic regression analysis, none of the variables studied was considered an influential factor (p > 0.05) in psychological distress presented by dental interns. Conclusion The 44.2% of dental interns from the Peruvian capital presented psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic, without any of the possible associated variables of this study significantly affecting this behavioral disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru,*Correspondence: César Cayo-Rojas
| | | | - Marysela Ladera-Castañeda
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Manuel Castro-Mena
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Cornejo-Pinto
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
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Mashima Y, Koizumi T, Minegishi S, Miyakoshi M, Okada M, Ogyu K, Kusudo K, Kiyohara M, Kitada S, Koyanagi K, Suzuki H, Nozaki S, Oda A, Hirai S, Nakane J, Onaya M, Oda T, Koreki A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with mental health problems and the differences among diagnostic categories. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:969-980. [PMID: 35652327 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221097509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a total upending of our daily lives. While anxiety and depression were frequently reported among the general population, the pandemic's impact on patients with mental health problems remains unknown. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey involving 1,166 patients was conducted at one psychiatric hospital and one mental health clinic. RESULTS Symptom deterioration was reported in 23% to 34% of the patients and 9% to 20% reported increase in drug dosage. No significant differences were reported in these items among diagnostic categories. Patients with F3 (mood disorders) reported more psychological stress during the pandemic's beginning and during the emergency. Patients with F2 (schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders) did online shopping and meetings less frequently, and reported poorer adherence of 3C's, while mask management was stricter in patients with F4 (neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders). Symptom deterioration was significantly associated with increase in drug dosage, new physical symptoms, anxiety unrelated to COVID-19, stress at the beginning of pandemic, stress during the 'state of emergency', poor adaptability to environmental change, daily life changes, decrease in sleeping time, and decrease in time spent outside. CONCLUSION One third of patients reported symptom deterioration during the pandemic, which was associated with stress and daily life changes. Patients with good adaptability to environmental changes might resilient against symptom deterioration. Providing continuous support to help patients manage their daily life in this COVID-19 era may minimize the risk of symptom deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mashima
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Teruki Koizumi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.,Takasu-koen Mental Health Clinic, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shunta Minegishi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Megumi Miyakoshi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mai Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kamiyu Ogyu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kusudo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Kiyohara
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitada
- Department of Nursing, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koyanagi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisaomi Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoko Nozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiko Oda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinji Hirai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Nakane
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsumoto Onaya
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Oda
- Takasu-koen Mental Health Clinic, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Koreki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.,Takasu-koen Mental Health Clinic, Chiba, Japan
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Delgado-Cáceres FM, Silva-Parra KA, Torres-Slimming PA. Association between time of residence and self-perception of distress, interpersonal relationships, and social role in Venezuelan immigrants in Lima, Peru 2018-19: mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1093. [PMID: 35650547 PMCID: PMC9157030 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immigrants arriving in a new country face changes that affect their social, employment, and migratory status. We carried out a mixed-methods study in the rapidly growing Venezuelan immigrant population in Lima, Peru. The objective was to determine whether there was an association between time in Peru and self-perception of symptom distress (SD), interpersonal relationships (IR), and social role (SR). METHODS The quantitative central component consisted of a cross-sectional study, surveying 152 participants using the Outcome Questionnaire 45.2 (OQ-45.2). The qualitative component, based on phenomenology, explored experiences and challenges during the migration process. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in 16 informants. RESULTS An association that was observed was the increase in the risk of clinically significant SR score with additional years of age. All informants mentioned having witnessed or experienced xenophobia in Peru. Every informant stated that significant labor differences existed between the countries. The most reported somatic symptoms were symptoms of anxiety and alterations of sleep. Additionally, no informant expressed a desire to remain in Peru long term. CONCLUSIONS A minority of participants registered a clinically significant total score and in each of the three domains of SD, IR, and SR. No association between months in Lima and the self-perception of distress was found. However, this could be due to the short amount of time spent in Peru and any change in self-perception might only be perceived after years or decades spent in Peru. This study is one of the first to use mixed-methods to explore the mental health of the immigrant Venezuelan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Milton Delgado-Cáceres
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Alameda San Marcos cuadra 2, Chorrillos, 15067, Lima, Peru
| | - Kevin Angel Silva-Parra
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Alameda San Marcos cuadra 2, Chorrillos, 15067, Lima, Peru
| | - Paola A Torres-Slimming
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Alameda San Marcos cuadra 2, Chorrillos, 15067, Lima, Peru. .,Red Internacional América Latina, África, Europa, El Caríbe (ALEC) "Territorio(s), Poblaciones Vulnerables y Políticas Públicas." Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.
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Intercultural Communication between Long-Stay Immigrants and Catalan Primary Care Nurses: A Qualitative Approach to Rebalancing Power. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062851. [PMID: 33799637 PMCID: PMC7999544 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a gap between the preferences of immigrant patients and their experiences with intercultural communication. This study aims to explore the experiences and perspectives of long-stay immigrants on intercultural communication in encounters with primary care (PC) nurses. Participants were selected by purposive sampling at the Maresme Primary Care Center. A focus group and five in-depth interviews with long-stay immigrants from eight countries were carried out. Data collection was guided by a script previously validated by a group of experts. We conducted a qualitative analysis following Charmaz's approach, and data saturation was reached with 11 patients (one focus group and five interviews). Long-stay immigrants would like closer and more personalized communication exchanges with greater humanity, as well as polite and respectful manners as they perceive signs of an asymmetrical care relationship. Those who had negative communication experiences tried to justify some of the behaviors as a result of having free access to public health services. This is one of the few existing studies from the point of view of long-stay immigrants. Achieving effective intercultural communication requires a process of self-reflection, awareness-raising and commitment, both on a personal and institutional level, to eliminate the asymmetry in the nurse-patient relationship. Nurses should be trained in person-centered intercultural communication.
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