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Robertson I, Kortum P. The Usability of Face Coverings Used to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19. HUMAN FACTORS 2023; 65:1702-1717. [PMID: 34905433 DOI: 10.1177/00187208211051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the perceived usability and usability problems associated with face coverings used to prevent the spread of COVID-19. BACKGROUND Since public health experts have now identified the appropriate use of facemasks as one of the critical elements in an effective COVID mitigation strategy, understanding how people use and care for them has become important. METHOD Data were collected via a survey that was shared on social media to which 2148 people responded. Participants were asked to identify the category class of the face covering they most often wear, rate its usability, answer demographic information, and questions about their mask use and hygiene, and identify issues they may suffer in relation to face cover use. RESULTS Overall, users appear to perceive their face coverings favorably from a usability and satisfaction standpoint, even though almost two-thirds of users indicated that they experienced discomfort and problems with glasses fogging with the most popular mask types. When considering demographic information, users' political party affiliation appears related to how they perceive the usability of their face covering. CONCLUSION Designers should work to improve the fit and comfort properties of protective masks; evidence suggests the System Usability Scale may be a useful tool in those efforts. APPLICATION Understanding mask design and behavioral issues related to their use can help in the development of masks and will maximize their acceptance and effectiveness in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Robertson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip Kortum
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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Molinari CV, Xavier VB, Rosa RF, Alves MAJ, Rivetti LA, Alves VLDS. A snorkel mask with a 3D-printed adaptor to HEPA filter was used in a COVID-19 emergency ward to provide safe respiratory support. Respirology 2023; 28:895-897. [PMID: 37477065 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Vitelli Molinari
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Bertoni Xavier
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Antônio Rivetti
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Dos Santos Alves
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Marinho SEDS, Paiva DN, Bezerra GMP, Silva TNDS, Lima CRODP, Raposo MCF, Marinho PÉDM. Does the use of a diving mask adapted for non-invasive ventilation in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure in individuals with and without COVID-19 increase the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen? A randomized clinical trial. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2023; 94. [PMID: 37222438 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2023.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) can be used in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF); however, verifying the best interface for its use needs to be evaluated in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) in patients with AHRF with and without COVID-19 undergoing NIV with the conventional orofacial mask and the adapted diving mask. This is a randomized clinical trial in which patients were allocated into four groups: i) group 1: COVID-19 + adapted mask (n=12); ii) group 2: COVID-19 + conventional orofacial mask (n=12); iii) group 3: non-COVID-19 + adapted mask (n=2); iv) group 4: non-COVID-19 + conventional orofacial mask (n=12). The PaO2/FiO2 ratio was obtained 1, 24, and 48 hours after starting NIV, and the success of NIV was evaluated. This study followed the norms of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement and was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials under registration RBR-7xmbgsz. Both the adapted diving mask and the conventional orofacial mask increased the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. The interfaces differed in terms of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in the first hour [309.66 (11.48) and 275.71 (11.48), respectively] (p=0.042) and 48 hours [365.81 (16.85) and 308.79 (18.86), respectively] (p=0.021). NIV success was 91.7% in groups 1, 2, and 3, and 83.3% in group 4. No adverse effects related to interfaces or NIV were observed. NIV through the conventional orofacial mask interfaces and the adapted diving mask was effective in improving the PaO2/FiO2 ratio; however, the adapted mask presented a better PaO2/FiO2 ratio during use. There was no significant difference between interfaces regarding NIV failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia Elvira Dos Santos Marinho
- Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco.
| | - Dulciane Nunes Paiva
- Department of Physical Education and Health, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul.
| | | | | | | | | | - Patrícia Érika de Melo Marinho
- Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco.
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Jones RM, Andrus N, Dominguez T, Biggs J, Hansen B, Drews FA. Aerosol containment device design considerations and performance evaluation metrics. Am J Emerg Med 2023; 64:12-20. [PMID: 36435005 PMCID: PMC9650508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spurred by the Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 pandemic, aerosol containment devices (ACDs) were developed to capture infectious respiratory aerosols generated by patients at their source. Prior reviews indicated that such devices had low evidence of effectiveness, but did not address how ACDs should be evaluated, how well they should perform, nor have clearly defined performance standards. Towards developing design criteria for ACDs, two questions were posed: 1) What characteristics have guided the design of ACDs? 2) How have these characteristics been evaluated? METHODS A scoping review was performed consistent with PRISMA guidelines. Data were extracted with respect to general study information, intended use of the device, device design characteristics and evaluation. RESULTS Fifty-four articles were included. Evaluation was most commonly performed with respect to device aerosol containment (n = 31, 61%), with only 5 (9%), 3 (6%) and 8 (15%) formally assessing providing experience, patient experience and procedure impact, respectively. Nearly all of the studies that explored provider experience and procedure impact studied intubation. Few studies provided a priori performance criteria for any evaluation metric, or referenced any external guidelines by which to bench mark performance. CONCLUSION With respect to aerosol containment, ACDs should reduce exposure among HCP with the device compared with the absence of the device, and provide ≥90% reduction in respirable aerosols, equivalent in performance to N95 filtering facepiece respirators, if the goal is to reduce reliance on personal protective equipment. The ACD should not increase awkward or uncomfortable postures, or adversely impact biomechanics of the procedure itself as this could have implications for procedure outcomes. A variety of standardized instruments exist to assess the experience of patients and healthcare personnel. Integration of ACDs into routine clinical practice requires rigorous studies of aerosol containment and the user experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M. Jones
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, United States of America,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, United States of America,Corresponding author at: 650 Charles E Young Dr. S, 71-295, Center for Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Niles Andrus
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, United States of America
| | - Thomas Dominguez
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Biggs
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, United States of America
| | - Brian Hansen
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, United States of America
| | - Frank A. Drews
- Department of Psychology, College of Social and Behavioral Science, University of Utah, United States of America
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Capuzzo M, Viganò GL, Boniotti C, Ignoti LM, Duri C, Cimolin V. Impact of the First Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Acquisition of Goods and Services in the Italian Health System. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2000. [PMID: 35206189 PMCID: PMC8872253 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergency caused by the escalation in the COVID-19 pandemic, which became widespread starting on 31 January 2020, put a strain on the Italian National Health System and forced purchasing centres to deviate from the ordinary general principles dictated by current legislation. The aim of this paper is to describe how Spedali Civili Hospital in Brescia challenged the crisis, structured itself optimally, followed simplified procedures, launched new processes, and opened up more Intensive Care Unit beds to accommodate the high number of COVID cases. From an analysis of the equipment variation in terms of increased purchases, subsequent installations, and tests carried out compared with the pre-pandemic period, we report the difficulties that hospitals had to face in the first phase of the pandemic and how they were able to respond to their needs. Our data clearly displayed how the pandemic situation led to a deep internal reorganisation and that the drafting of simpler, effective, and adaptable procedures represents a first key element to ensure receptivity and responsiveness in the management of ordinary and non-ordinary events such as this pandemic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Capuzzo
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia-UOC Ingegneria Clinica, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.V.); (C.B.); (L.M.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Gian Luca Viganò
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia-UOC Ingegneria Clinica, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.V.); (C.B.); (L.M.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Cinzia Boniotti
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia-UOC Ingegneria Clinica, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.V.); (C.B.); (L.M.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Lucia Maria Ignoti
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia-UOC Ingegneria Clinica, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.V.); (C.B.); (L.M.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Claudia Duri
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia-UOC Ingegneria Clinica, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.V.); (C.B.); (L.M.I.); (C.D.)
| | - Veronica Cimolin
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Oliveira MR, Back GD, de Mello Konzen V, Garcia-Araújo AS, da Luz Goulart C, Nunes Silva R, Mara Wibelinger L, Dixit S, Arena R, Borghi-Silva A. Noninvasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19 from the perspective of the risk of contamination: a narrative review. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 16:67-77. [PMID: 34826266 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.2011223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION noninvasive ventilation (NIV) can be a useful resource to treat acute respiratory failure (ARF), which occurs in patients with COVID-19. However, it is important to consider that there are still no clinical studies that have verified the safety of its use in increase of contamination. AREAS COVERED Given the potential benefits and simultaneous concerns over the use of NIV in patients with COVID-19, further inquiry is necessary to reach a clinical consensus and provide recommendations for safe use, avoiding contamination. In this context, this narrative review, which included articles published in the Embase, SciELO, PEDro, PubMed and Cochrane up to August 2021, is focused to evaluate available studies related to interfaces, types of circuits, recommended filters, cares for the environment and protective factors for NIV use in patients with COVID-19. EXPERT OPINION The studies analyzed recommend that the use of NIV can be safe: 1) with equipment that allows the use of the helmet as a safer interface; 2) with double circuit and antimicrobial filter in the expiratory branch; 3) in an environment that allows negative pressure, reducing the dispersion of aerosol particles in the environment; 4) the health team must use the recommended PPE to avoid contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Rezende Oliveira
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Dionir Back
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Sanches Garcia-Araújo
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cássia da Luz Goulart
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Nunes Silva
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lia Mara Wibelinger
- Physiotherapy Department, University of Passo Fundo, UPF, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Snehil Dixit
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (Hl - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (Hl - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Audrey Borghi-Silva
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (Hl - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
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Erratum: Profili et al. Overview of the User Experience for Snorkeling Mask Designs during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healtchare 2021, 9, 204. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9070817. [PMID: 34203576 PMCID: PMC8303467 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9070817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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