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Alavilli H, Yolcu S, Skorupa M, Aciksoz SB, Asif M. Salt and drought stress-mitigating approaches in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to improve its performance and yield. PLANTA 2023; 258:30. [PMID: 37358618 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Although sugar beet is a salt- and drought-tolerant crop, high salinity, and water deprivation significantly reduce its yield and growth. Several reports have demonstrated stress tolerance enhancement through stress-mitigating strategies including the exogenous application of osmolytes or metabolites, nanoparticles, seed treatments, breeding salt/drought-tolerant varieties. These approaches would assist in achieving sustainable yields despite global climatic changes. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an economically vital crop for ~ 30% of world sugar production. They also provide essential raw materials for bioethanol, animal fodder, pulp, pectin, and functional food-related industries. Due to fewer irrigation water requirements and shorter regeneration time than sugarcane, beet cultivation is spreading to subtropical climates from temperate climates. However, beet varieties from different geographical locations display different stress tolerance levels. Although sugar beet can endure moderate exposure to various abiotic stresses, including high salinity and drought, prolonged exposure to salt and drought stress causes a significant decrease in crop yield and production. Hence, plant biologists and agronomists have devised several strategies to mitigate the stress-induced damage to sugar beet cultivation. Recently, several studies substantiated that the exogenous application of osmolytes or metabolite substances can help plants overcome injuries induced by salt or drought stress. Furthermore, these compounds likely elicit different physio-biochemical impacts, including improving nutrient/ionic homeostasis, photosynthetic efficiency, strengthening defense response, and water status improvement under various abiotic stress conditions. In the current review, we compiled different stress-mitigating agricultural strategies, prospects, and future experiments that can secure sustainable yields for sugar beets despite high saline or drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemasundar Alavilli
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Seher Yolcu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
| | - Monika Skorupa
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Seher Bahar Aciksoz
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
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Della Lucia MC, Bertoldo G, Broccanello C, Maretto L, Ravi S, Marinello F, Sartori L, Marsilio G, Baglieri A, Romano A, Colombo M, Magro F, Campagna G, Concheri G, Squartini A, Stevanato P. Novel Effects of Leonardite-Based Applications on Sugar Beet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:646025. [PMID: 33815453 PMCID: PMC8013720 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.646025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the effects of foliar application of a leonardite-based product on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants grown in the field. The approach concerned the evaluation of the community compositional structure of plant endophytic bacteria through a metabarcoding approach, the expression level of a gene panel related to hormonal metabolism and signaling, and the main sugar beet productivity traits. Results indicated that plants treated with leonardite (dosage of 2,000 ml ha-1, dilution 1:125, 4 mg C l-1) compared with untreated ones had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in (i) the abundance of Oxalicibacterium spp., recognized to be an endophyte bacterial genus with plant growth-promoting activity; (ii) the expression level of LAX2 gene, coding for auxin transport proteins; and (iii) sugar yield. This study represents a step forward to advance our understanding of the changes induced by leonardite-based biostimulant in sugar beet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Della Lucia
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertoldo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Broccanello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Maretto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Samathmika Ravi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Marinello
- Department of Landscape and Agro-Forestry Systems, Agripolis, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Sartori
- Department of Landscape and Agro-Forestry Systems, Agripolis, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marsilio
- Department of Landscape and Agro-Forestry Systems, Agripolis, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Baglieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- Plant Protection and Certification Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Lonigo, Italy
| | - Mauro Colombo
- Research Institute for Industrial Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economics, Rovigo, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Concheri
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Effect of Microalgal Extracts from Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda on Germination of Beta vulgaris Seeds. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060675. [PMID: 32466497 PMCID: PMC7355607 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) is a commercially important biennial root crop, providing about 20% of the world's annual sugar production. Seed quality is crucial for adequate plant growth and production. The productivity of sugar beet is often limited by heterogeneous germination in the field. In order to improve the sugar beet germination process, the effect of different concentrations of microalgal extracts from Chlorella vulgaris or Scenedesmus quadricauda was investigated by calculating several indices useful to evaluate the germination performance. Moreover, root morphological analysis was performed by using WinRHIZO software. B. vulgaris seeds were soaked with five different concentrations (from 0.1 to 10 mg Corg/L) of the microalgal extracts, considering the amount of organic carbon (Corg) in each extract. Our results show that these microalgal extracts exert a positive effect on sugar beet germination, by increasing efficiency and regularity of this critical process for B. vulgaris seeds. The best results, in terms of germination indices as well as root morphological traits, were reached by using C. vulgaris extract at the concentrations C2 (1 mg Corg/L) and C3 (2 mg Corg/L).
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