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Wan B, Peng-Li D, Chen J, Xu P, Sun D, Chen Q, Li J, Wang M, Zheng S, Fan L, Wu X, Hu J, Chen J, Wang Z. The effect of secondhand smoke exposure on self-satisfaction and perceived freedom of life choice. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:439-445. [PMID: 35157562 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2039157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to examine whether secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) in university students can affect three indices of self-satisfaction related to depression as indiced by appearance, weight, and freedom of life choice. Participants: We collected data from 740 nonsmoking students in the summer of 2018, of which 57.84% were exposed to secondhand smoke. Methods: Depressive symptoms, SHSE, smoking status, weight satisfaction, appearance satisfaction, and freedom of life choice were self-reported via a questionnaire. Results: The generalized linear analyses revealed that SHSE was linked to lower scores of perceived freedom of life choice but not significantly associated with weight nor appearance satisfaction. The mediation analyses indicated that perceived freedom of life choice fully mediated the association between SHSE and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: These findings shed light on the importance of SHSE and its effects on mental health in university students. Preventive strategies should therefore locally target university campuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Danni Peng-Li
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing China & Aarhus Denmark, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, China
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peilin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyue Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyu Zheng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Fan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusen Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqiu Hu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengjian Wang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Cui A, Xiao P, Fan Z, Lei J, Han S, Zhang D, Wei X, Wang P, Zhuang Y. Causal association of NAFLD with osteoporosis, fracture and falling risk: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1215790. [PMID: 37621646 PMCID: PMC10446969 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1215790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The causal association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and osteoporosis remains controversial in previous epidemiological studies. We employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian analysis to explore the causal relationship between NAFLD and osteoporosis. Method The NAFLD instrumental variables (IVs) were obtained from a large Genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis dataset of European descent. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were used to estimate the causal effect of NAFLD on osteoporosis, fracture, and fall. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to estimate the causal effect of osteoporosis on NAFLD. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the primary analysis in this analysis. We used the MR-Egger method to determine horizontal pleiotropic. The heterogeneity effect of IVs was detected by MR-Egger and IVW analyses. Results Five SNPs (rs2980854, rs429358, rs1040196, rs738409, and rs5764430) were chosen as IVs for NAFLD. In forward MR analysis, the IVW-random effect indicated the causal effect of NAFLD on osteoporosis (OR= 1.0021, 95% CI: 1.0006-1.0037, P= 0.007) but not on fracture (OR= 1.0016, 95% CI: 0.998-1.0053, P= 0.389) and fall (OR= 0.9912, 95% CI: 0.9412-1.0440, P= 0.740). Furthermore, the reverse Mendelian randomization did not support a causal effect of osteoporosis on NAFLD (OR= 1.0002, 95% CI: 0.9997-1.0007, P= 0.231). No horizontal pleiotropic was detected in all MR analyses. Conclusions The results of this study indicate a causal association between NAFLD and osteoporosis. NAFLD patients have a higher risk of osteoporosis but not fracture and falling risk. In addition, our results do not support a causal effect of osteoporosis on NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyong Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peilun Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinlai Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Danlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
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Brooks JJ, Carter A, McMillen N, Couillou RJ. “It’s Complicated”: Exploring the Mindfulness-Alcohol Use Connection in Undergraduate Students. Int J Ment Health Addict 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. The Mindfulness App Trial for Weight, Weight-Related Behaviors, and Stress in University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e12210. [PMID: 30969174 PMCID: PMC6479283 DOI: 10.2196/12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background University students are at risk of weight gain during their studies. Key factors related to weight gain in this population include unhealthy weight-related behaviors because of stress. Mindfulness holds promise for weight management. However, there has not been any previous trial that has explored the effectiveness of a student-tailored mindfulness app for stress, weight-related behaviors, and weight. There is limited evidence that current mindfulness apps use evidence-based mindfulness techniques. A novel app was developed that combined evidence-based, mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindful eating (ME) techniques that were tailored to university students, with student-relevant themes for targeting weight behaviors, weight, and stress. Objectives The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of a student-tailored mindfulness app for weight, weight-related behaviors, and stress. Testing this app in a rigorous randomized controlled trial (RCT) for these outcomes is a novelty and contribution to this emerging field. Methods A 2-arm RCT of an 11-week duration was undertaken at the University of Queensland. Students were either randomized to the mindfulness app (n=45) or to a behavioral self-monitoring electronic diary (e-diary; n=45) for diet and exercise. Analysis of covariance was used to compare differences in weight, stress, mindfulness, ME, physical activity, and eating behaviors between both groups. Results Neither the mindfulness app group nor the e-diary group lost weight and there were no differences between the groups at follow-up. The mindfulness app group had significantly lower stress levels (P=.02) (adherers only), lower emotional eating (P=.02), and uncontrolled eating (P=.02) as well as higher mindfulness (P≤.001) and ME levels overall (P≤.001). The e-diary group had higher metabolic equivalents of moderate activity levels (P≤.01). However, the effect sizes were small. Regular adherence to mindfulness exercises in the app was low in the group. The majority of students (94%) liked the app and found it to be acceptable. Compared with other exercises, the most helpful reported meditation was the short breathing exercise observing the breath (39.4% [13/33] preferred it). This was the first RCT that tested a mindfulness app for weight and weight-related behaviors in students. The modest level of user adherence likely contributes to the lack of effect on weight loss. However, there was a small, albeit promising, effect on weight-related eating behavior and stress. Conclusions A mindfulness app demonstrated effectiveness for stress, eating behaviors, mindfulness, and ME, but the effect sizes were small. Future studies should be conducted over longer periods of time and with greater participant compliance. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Trial Registry ACTRN12616001349437; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371370 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/761cc2K6ft)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam Caffery
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Centre for Online Health, Woloongabba, Australia
| | - Matthew Bambling
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Centre for Online Health, Woloongabba, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Centre for Online Health, Woloongabba, Australia
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Schneider J, Malinowski P, Watson PM, Lattimore P. The role of mindfulness in physical activity: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2019; 20:448-463. [PMID: 30468299 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite continued public health campaigns to promote physical activity, a majority of the population is inactive. In recent years, mindfulness-based approaches have been used in health and lifestyle interventions for physical activity promotion. We conducted a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to investigate the evidence for the potential of mindfulness-based approaches for physical activity. We searched electronic databases for papers that met eligibility criteria and identified 40 studies for inclusion. Evidence from cross-sectional studies (n = 20) indicated a positive relationship between dispositional mindfulness and physical activity, particularly with psychological factors related to physical activity. Five studies found that the mindfulness-physical activity relationship was mediated by stress, psychological flexibility, negative affect and shame, satisfaction and state mindfulness. Evidence from mindfulness-based interventions (n = 20) suggested positive between-subjects effects on physical activity, but interventions varied in duration, session length, group size, delivery, content and follow-up. Mindfulness-based interventions were more likely to be successful if they were physical activity-specific and targeted psychological factors related to physical activity. The body of research shows a need for more methodologically rigorous studies to establish the effect of mindfulness on physical activity and to identify potential mechanisms involved in the mindfulness-physical activity relationship reliably.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schneider
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Malinowski
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - P M Watson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Lattimore
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Lyzwinski LN, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. Relationship Between Mindfulness, Weight, and Weight-Related Behaviors in College Students: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/act.2018.29182.lnl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette Nathalie Lyzwinski
- Lynnette Lyzwinski, MPhil, is a PhD candidate at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liam Caffery
- Liam Caffery, PhD, is a senior researcher at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, and director of telehealth technology
| | - Matthew Bambling
- Matthew Bambling, PhD, is a clinical psychologist, researcher, and director of postgraduate coursework in medicine at the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and is affiliated with the Centre for Online Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sisira Edirippulige
- Sisira Edirippulige, PhD, is a lecturer on e-health and researcher at the Centre for Online Health, School of Medicine, University of Queensland
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Nathalie Lyzwinski L, Caffery L, Bambling M, Edirippulige S. University Students’ Perspectives on Mindfulness and mHealth: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2018.1502701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shi L, Liang D, Gao Y, Huang J, Nolan C, Mulvaney A, Poole T, Zhang H. Mindfulness and asthma symptoms: A study among college students. J Asthma 2017; 55:101-105. [PMID: 28459349 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2017.1306545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given the known link between asthma and stress as well as the link between mindfulness and stress, we explore the possible association between trait mindfulness and asthma-related diagnosis and symptoms with a cross-sectional study. METHOD In 2014, we surveyed a sample of college students in their freshman year, from a public university in Shanghai, China. We used three multilevel logistic regressions to estimate the association between trait mindfulness (measured by Mindful Awareness Attention Scale, MAAS) and self-report of ever having an asthma diagnosis, ever having had persistent dry cough, and ever having had wheezing symptoms. Age, gender, household registration status, and the frequency of smog in the respondent's hometown were used as control variables in the study. The home province of the student was used as the cluster variable in the multilevel models. RESULTS Among the 1392 students in the analysis sample (mean age = 18.3), 47 (3.4%) self-reported an asthma diagnosis, 251 (18.1%) reported having had persistent dry cough, and 100 (7.2%) reported having had wheezing symptoms. A one-unit increase in MAAS is negatively associated with having a self-reported asthma diagnosis (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.662, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.452, 0.969, p = 0.034), having had persistent dry cough (OR: 0.658, 95% CI: 0.545, 0.795, p < 0.001), and wheezing (OR = 0.747, 95% CI: 0.569, 0.981, p = 0.036). DISCUSSION This is the first study to suggest a link between trait mindfulness and asthma. Our finding provides evidence that people with higher level of mindfulness are less likely to have had an asthma diagnosis and less likely to have the symptoms of persistent dry cough and wheezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , SC , USA
| | - Di Liang
- b Department of Health Policy and Management , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Yu Gao
- c Department of Physical Education , Shanghai University of Finance and Economics , Shanghai , China
| | - Jiayan Huang
- d Health Policy and Management , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Cameron Nolan
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , SC , USA
| | - Andrew Mulvaney
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , SC , USA
| | - Taryn Poole
- e Department of Biological Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , SC , USA
| | - Hailin Zhang
- f Department of Pediatrics , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
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Gao Y, Shi L, Smith KC, Kingree JB, Thompson M. Physical Aggression and Mindfulness among College Students: Evidence from China and the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13050480. [PMID: 27171103 PMCID: PMC4881105 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13050480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The link between trait mindfulness and several dimensions of aggression (verbal, anger and hostility) has been documented, while the link between physical aggression and trait mindfulness remains less clear. Method: We used two datasets: one United States sample from 300 freshmen males from Clemson University, South Carolina and a Chinese sample of 1516 freshmen students from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. Multiple regressions were conducted to examine the association between mindfulness (measured by Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS)) and each of the four subscales of aggression. Results: Among the Clemson sample (N = 286), the mindfulness scale had a significant negative association with each of the four subscales of aggression: Hostility: β = −0.62, p < 0.001; Verbal: β = −0.37, p < 0.001; Physical: β = −0.29, p < 0.001; Anger: β = −0.44, p < 0.001. Among the Shanghai male subsample, the mindfulness scale had a significant negative association with each of the four subscales of aggression: Hostility: β = −0.57, p < 0.001; Verbal: β = −0.37, p < 0.001; Physical: β = −0.35, p < 0.001; Anger: β = −0.58, p < 0.001. Among the Shanghai female subsample (N = 512), the mindfulness scale had a significant negative association with each of the four subscales of aggression: Hostility: β = −0.62, p < 0.001; Verbal: β = −0.41, p < 0.001; Physical: β = −0.52, p < 0.001; and Anger: β = −0.64, p < 0.001. Discussion: Our study documents the negative association between mindfulness and physical aggression in two non-clinical samples. Future studies could explore whether mindfulness training lowers physical aggression among younger adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Division of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson Univistry, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Kelly C Smith
- Department of Philosophy and Religion, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Jeffery B Kingree
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson Univistry, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Martie Thompson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson Univistry, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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