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Odeigah OW, Patton R, Trangenstein P. Alcohol outlet density and marketing in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:628-636. [PMID: 37706528 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The physical availability of alcohol is a modifiable determinant of alcohol consumption and related harm. However, Nigeria currently does not have national regulations restricting the physical availability of alcohol. The study measured alcohol outlet density and marketing in Abeokuta, Nigeria. METHODS A descriptive community design was employed. Seven wards in Abeokuta South local government were surveyed street by street for functional alcohol outlets and nearby public institutions (schools and worship centres). Outlet characteristics were documented, and the location of outlets and public institutions was geocoded using a global positioning system app. The density and proximity of outlets and public institutions were analysed using QGIS 3.22. RESULTS Four hundred and seventy-six alcohol outlets and 194 public institutions (82 schools, 87 churches, and 25 mosques) were sampled across the 7 wards. The most common type of alcohol premises and outlets was on/off-premises and liquor/non-alcoholic drinks stores. Alcohol banners on liquor store lintels were the most prevalent marketing item. Alcohol outlet density ranged from 8.06 to 200 per km2. The smallest average distance between alcohol outlets was 28 m in Sodeke, while Ago Egun/Ijesa had the highest number of outlets and on/off premises. The shortest distance from an outlet to a school was 18.77 m in Ijaiye and 44 (14.7%) schools were located within ≤100 m of an outlet. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate high alcohol density, resulting in short distances between alcohol outlets and public institutions in Abeokuta South local government area. These results underscore the importance of implementing evidence-based alcohol availability policies in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogochukwu W Odeigah
- Department of Psychology, Chrisland University, K/M 5 Ajebo Road, P. M. B. 2131, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Robert Patton
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Trangenstein
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6001 Shellmound Street, Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States
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Ohurira T, Iyer HS, Wagman JA, Hahn JA, Bajunirwe F. Proximity to Alcohol Sellers and Dose Response Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption With Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Southwestern Uganda. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:NP1040-NP1059. [PMID: 35438584 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221086648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with several adverse public health outcomes and alcohol use is one of its risk factors. Proximity to alcohol selling points could be linked with problem drinking and IPV. We aimed to determine whether proximal location to alcohol and intensity of alcohol consumption are associated with IPV in rural southwest Uganda.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in rural southwest Uganda with structured interviews at household level. We used the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) and the Conflict Tactics Scale to measure past year alcohol consumption and IPV (perpetration and victimization). We estimated Euclidean distances between participants' households and nearest alcohol outlets using geographic information systems. We used generalized estimating equation models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for the factors associated with IPV.Results: We enrolled 742 participants and median age was 41 years (inter-quartile range or IQR 32-53) and 52.2% of respondents were male. The overall prevalence of IPV in the past year was 52.2%. In a multivariable regression model, women (aOR = 2.24, 95%CI 1.28, 3.91) compared to men, those living proximal to an alcohol selling point (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.38, 2.27) were more likely to experience IPV. There was a dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and IPV. With non-drinkers as the reference category, the aORs were 4.54 (95% CI 2.04, 10.08) for casual drinkers, 10.53 (95% CI 4.15, 26.77) for hazardous drinkers and 15.31 (95% CI 4.73, 49.54) for alcohol dependent drinkers.Conclusion: IPV is very common and has a dose-response relationship with alcohol consumption and drinking outlet proximity. There is an urgent need for IPV and alcohol interventions programs in these rural communities. Policy to restrict proximity of alcohol outlets to residential locations should be examined as an intervention for alcohol consumption and IPV perpetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushaba Ohurira
- Community Health Department, 108123Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Hari S Iyer
- 1855Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wagman
- Fielding School of Public Health,25808University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Judith A Hahn
- Department of Medicine,12224University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francis Bajunirwe
- Community Health Department, 108123Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
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Pastor A, Sureda X, Valiente R, Badland H, García-Dorado M, Escobar F. Using Geovisualization Tools to Examine Attitudes towards Alcohol Exposure in Urban Environments: A Pilot Study in Madrid, Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159192. [PMID: 35954557 PMCID: PMC9368102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Pervasiveness of alcohol products and their promotion in the urban landscape may normalize alcohol consumption. This study aims to utilize geovisualization-based methods to assess attitudes towards different levels of alcohol exposure in the urban environment. We selected a typical downtown location, Lavapiés Square in Madrid, Spain, to conduct our study. First, we designed and created realistic 3D models simulating three different urban scenes with varying degrees of exposure to alcohol in the environment. Second, we used a survey on 159 adults to explore the level of acceptance of, attitudes towards, and perceptions of alcohol exposure in each scene. Participants reported a higher level of comfort in the scene with null alcohol exposure compared with the other scenes (p < 0.001). Acceptance towards alcohol exposure decreased as the level of alcohol elements increased in the scenes (p < 0.01). Acceptance also decreased when children were present in the scenes (p < 0.01). This study demonstrated that geovisualization tools provide a useful and well-suited approach to analyze perceptions of the alcohol environment. The use of geovisualization can help understand attitudes and perceptions towards the alcohol environment and may offer a way to simulate different scenarios prior to development or retrofitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pastor
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Campus Universitario-Ctra. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Xisca Sureda
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Campus Universitario-Ctra. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600, 28871 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, 205 E 42nd St., New York, NY 10017, USA
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, l’Hospitalet de Llobregat Avinguda de la Granvia de l’Hospitalet, 199, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-918-222-351
| | - Roberto Valiente
- Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK;
- SPECTRUM Consortium, UK
| | - Hannah Badland
- Health, Place and Society Group, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Macarena García-Dorado
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-D.); (F.E.)
| | - Francisco Escobar
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-D.); (F.E.)
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Khachfe HH, Salhab HA, Fares MY, Khachfe HM. Probing the Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Lebanon: an 11-Year Epidemiological Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:805-812. [PMID: 31422543 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lebanon has witnessed an increase in the rates of several cancer sub-types over the past couple of years. The aim of our study is to investigate the incidence rates of colorectal cancer over 11 years in Lebanon and compare them with other countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected from the National Cancer Registry (NCR) of Lebanon from the years of 2005 till 2015 inclusive. Data of other countries was retrieved from the online database "Cancer Incidence in Five Continents". The age-specific and age-standardized incidence rates (ASR(w)) were calculated and analyzed using Joinpoint regression. RESULTS Colorectal cancer ranked as the 5th most common cancer in Lebanon. The average ASR(w) was 12.6 per 100,00 for males and 10.7 per 100,00 for females. Colorectal cancer ASR (w) showed a significantly increasing trend in both males and females. Lebanon had the second highest incidence of colorectal cancer in the MENA region. CONCLUSION Incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing significantly over the course of our study. It is important to study the risk factors associated with colorectal cancer and develop proper preventive and screening policies in order to decrease exposure and therefore decrease incidence rates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein H Khachfe
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, P.O. Box: xxxxx, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hamza A Salhab
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, P.O. Box: xxxxx, Beirut, Lebanon.,Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Y Fares
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, P.O. Box: xxxxx, Beirut, Lebanon.,Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan M Khachfe
- School of Arts and Sciences, and the Lebanese Institute for Biomedical Research and Application (LIBRA), Lebanese International University (LIU), Beirut, Lebanon
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Hayek J, Tueni M, Schneider F, de Vries H. Parenting style as longitudinal predictor of adolescents' health behaviors in Lebanon. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2021; 36:100-115. [PMID: 33325508 PMCID: PMC7986055 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to examine how parenting style relates to health behaviors and body mass index of Lebanese adolescents while checking for interactive effect of child characteristics (age and gender). About 341 students from private and public schools in Mount Lebanon and Beirut area, aged between 16 and 18 years, completed a self-administered survey assessing socio-demographics, parenting styles and health behaviors. Adolescents were surveyed at two time points, six months apart. Anthropometric measurements were also taken. Authoritative parenting was associated with better outcomes compared to the neglectful style. Adolescents raised with an authoritative style had higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and lower consumption of alcohol intake. Parenting style was a significant predictor of eating behavior and alcohol intake of Lebanese adolescent. Interventions aiming at improving health behaviors should also encompass healthy parenting style strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Hayek
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, POB 90656, Fanar, Jdeidet El Maten, Lebanon
| | - Maya Tueni
- Department of Biology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, POB 90656, Fanar, Jdeidet El Maten, Lebanon
| | - Francine Schneider
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Ghandour LA, Anouti S, Afifi RA. The impact of DSM classification changes on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder and 'diagnostic orphans' in Lebanese college youth: Implications for epidemiological research, health practice, and policy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233657. [PMID: 32502221 PMCID: PMC7274407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies comparing prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) using DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria in college students are limited. This study examines changes in AUD prevalence estimates using DSM-IV versus DSM-5 and characterizes the profile of DSM-5 “diagnostic orphans.” Methods and findings A college student sample (n = 1,155; mean age: 21 ±1.97) selected conveniently from six large private and public universities in Greater Beirut, Lebanon completed an anonymous survey in May 2016. The study response rate was 83.1%. Data on DSM-IV and DSM-5 AUD criteria were gathered from 582 past-year drinkers, of which 377 (65%) were screened to have DSM-IV abuse/dependence, and 203 (35%) to have any DSM-5 AUD (58% mild, 21% moderate, and 21% severe). Overall percent agreement between measures was 68% (kappa = 0.41). One hundred and ninety-one students met one DSM-5 AUD criterion only (i.e. “diagnostic orphans,” herein DOs), of which the majority (82%) endorsed “hazardous use.” Compared to past-year drinkers with zero-endorsed DSM-5 criteria, DOs were more likely to be aged 21 or above [OR = 1.57(1.21–2.03)], less likely to perceive their socioeconomic status (SES) as poorer vs. same as others [OR = 0.17(0.07–0.43)], more likely to drink 1–2 times/week vs. ≤3 times per month [OR = 2.24(1.44–3.49)], and more likely to report past-year cigarette smoking [OR = 2.16(1.10–4.24)]. When compared to past-year drinkers with DSM-5 AUD, DOs were more likely to be pursuing a graduate or medical degree (vs. undergraduate degree) [2.06 (1.09–3.89)], and to be living with parents most of the time vs. not [OR = 2.68(1.14–6.31)]. DOs (versus drinkers with AUD) were less likely to drink at a high frequency (3–4 times /week or more vs.≤3 times per month) [OR = 0.15(0.05–0.48)], and to report past-year waterpipe smoking [OR = 0.54(0.34–0.85)], but more likely to report past-year marijuana use [1.89(1.10–3.23)]. The findings are subject to recall bias and under-reporting and the study could not infer causality because temporality of associations cannot be established in a cross-sectional study design. Conclusions DSM-IV abuse/dependence prevalence rate was higher than DSM-5 AUD prevalence mainly due to the high percentage of students who engaged in “hazardous use”. The DO screen might capture a young person in transition between non-drinking/occasional drinking to drinking frequently/developing an AUD. The prevention, identification, and management of DOs may be critical components of a national alcohol harm-reduction policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian A. Ghandour
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail:
| | - Sirine Anouti
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rima A. Afifi
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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