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Wang J, Long J, Yang F, Yang X, Jiao W, Huang C. Open acid dissolution-Ammonia solution extraction-ICP OES rapid determination of 7 trace metal elements in soil. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292168. [PMID: 37816018 PMCID: PMC10564144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid on the ICP OES injection system in the acid dissolution system, this paper makes some improvements based on the traditional open digestion. The improved method does not require the complete removal of hydrofluoric acid. After appropriate digestion of the sample with a mixed acid, the solution can be transferred to a colorimetric tube containing ammonium hydroxide solution to give the final volume for analysis. In this paper, two-point standard curves are plotted using soil standards and process blanks, which is not only convenient but also overcomes the interference of the matrix effect. Through continuous experiments, the preferred ratio of mixed acid is 3 mL nitric acid + 5 mL hydrofluoric acid, and the concentration of ammonia solution is 0.5%. The spectral lines of the measured elements V (292.4), Cr (283.5), Co (228.6), Ni (231.6), Cu (324.7), Zn (213.8) and Pb (220.3) were determined. The method quantification limits of the seven measured elements V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were 0.909, 4.32, 0.269, 0.261, 0.968, 3.69 and 2.64 μg g-1, respectively, and the precision was 3.5%, 5.2%, 4.8%, 2.4%, 6.1% and 4.5%, respectively. After processing six national standard materials according to the experimental method, the measured values of each measured element were basically in agreement with the certified values, indicating that this method is fully feasible for the measurement of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in soil. This method greatly improves the efficiency of pretreatment and is particularly suitable for analysing large batches of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Wang
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Haikou, 571127, China
| | - Junqiao Long
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Haikou, 571127, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Haikou, 571127, China
| | - Xiujin Yang
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Haikou, 571127, China
| | - Wenguang Jiao
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Haikou, 571127, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Haikou Marine Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Haikou, 571127, China
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Minnikova T, Kolesnikov S, Khoroshaev D, Tsepina N, Evstegneeva N, Timoshenko A. Assessment of the Health of Soils Contaminated with Ag, Bi, Tl, and Te by the Intensity of Microbiological Activity. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1592. [PMID: 37511967 PMCID: PMC10381409 DOI: 10.3390/life13071592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil health is the basis of ecological and food security for humanity. Among the informative indicators of soil health are microbiological indicators based on the intensity of the carbon dioxide release from the soil. The reaction of the microbial community of Haplic Chernozem Loamic, Haplic Arenosols Eutric, and Haplic Cambisols Eutric to contamination with oxides and nitrates of Ag, Bi, Tl, and Te at doses of 0.5, 1, 3, 10, and 30 derived specific permissible concentrations (SPC) was analyzed in the conditions of a vegetation experiment (the exposure period was 10 days). One derived concentration is assumed to be equal to three background concentrations of the element in the soil. The carbon content of microbial biomass in Haplic Chernozem varied between the experimental options from 6 to 218 mg/kg of soil; in Haplic Arenosols, from 3 to 349 mg/kg of soil; and in Haplic Cambisols, from 7 to 294 mg/kg of soil. Microbial biomass was a more sensitive indicator of contamination by the studied pollutants than basal soil respiration. A decrease in specific microbial respiration was found when Haplic Cambisols were contaminated with Ag, Bi, Te, and Tl oxides. Te and Tl nitrates had a significant toxic effect on each type of soil. At the maximum dose of Tl and Te nitrate, a decrease in basal soil respiration of 56-96% relative to the control and an increase in the metabolic coefficient by 4-6 times was found. The toxicity series of heavy metals averaged for all types of soils in terms of microbiological activity was established: Bi > Ag > Te > Tl (oxides) and Te > Tl > Ag > Bi (nitrates). Nitrates of the elements were more toxic than oxides. Soil toxicity due to Ag, Bi, Tl, and Te contamination was dependent on soil particle size distribution, organic matter content, and soil structure. A series of soil sensitivity to changes in microbial biomass and basal soil respiration when contaminated with the studied pollutants: Haplic Arenosols > Haplic Chernozems > Haplic Cambisols. When diagnosing and assessing the health of soils contaminated with Ag, Bi, Tl, and Te, it is advisable to use indicators of soil microbiological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Minnikova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Sergei Kolesnikov
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Khoroshaev
- Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Natalia Tsepina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Natalia Evstegneeva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Alena Timoshenko
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
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Pecina V, Juřička D, Hedbávný J, Klimánek M, Kynický J, Brtnický M, Komendová R. The impacts of mining on soil pollution with metal(loid)s in resource-rich Mongolia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2763. [PMID: 36797312 PMCID: PMC9935523 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As Mongolia is considered one of the most resource extraction-dependent countries globally, significant mining-related environmental and human health risks are expected. The aim of this study was to (I) assess the impacts of mining on soil pollution with metals in Mongolia's key coal mining towns (Baganuur, Nalaikh and Sharyn Gol) and (II) review the current knowledge on soil pollution with metal(loid)s and related health risks in Mongolia. The results showed predominantly low soil contents of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn and a related absence of severe pollution and potential health risk in the coal mining towns. Urban design, rather than the presence of mines, controlled the pollution distribution. Despite the methodological shortcomings of several studies on soil pollution in Mongolia, their results suggest a similarly low threat in the three largest cities (Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan, Erdenet) and several mining areas. While the generally highlighted risk of As seems like an artificially escalated issue, the content of Cr in urban soil may be a neglected threat. Further pollution research in Mongolia should focus on street dust and drinking water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Pecina
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - David Juřička
- grid.7112.50000000122191520Department of Geology and Soil Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Hedbávný
- grid.7112.50000000122191520Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Klimánek
- grid.7112.50000000122191520Department of Forest Management and Applied Geoinformatics, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Kynický
- BIC Brno, Technology Innovation Transfer Chamber, Purkyňova 125, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Brtnický
- grid.4994.00000 0001 0118 0988Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.7112.50000000122191520Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Komendová
- grid.4994.00000 0001 0118 0988Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Bataa B, Motohira K, Dugar D, Sainnokhoi TA, Gendenpil L, Sainnokhoi T, Pelden B, Yohannes YB, Ganzorig S, Nakayama SMM, Ishizuka M, Ikenaka Y. Accumulation of Metals in the Environment and Grazing Livestock near A Mongolian Mining Area. TOXICS 2022; 10:773. [PMID: 36548606 PMCID: PMC9783985 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Mongolian economy is supported by rich deposits of natural resources, such as copper, coal, and gold. However, the risk of heavy metal pollution to livestock and human have been recently discussed. This research collected various samples from soil and animal (sheep, goat, horse, cow, and camel), blood and organs (kidney and liver) in the Mongolian countryside. These samples were processed, and the concentration of metals was quantified using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP/MS). As previously reported, arsenic was found at high levels of accumulation in soil. Selenium is another concern, as median concentration in one area exceeded the maximum allowable level. Cadmium and selenium were found to be highly accumulated in animal kidney. This research revealed the current pollution level in Mongolia based on evaluation of soil and animals. The concentration in animals could not indicate that animals had severe effects because of heavy metal exposure. However, kidney is eaten in Mongolia, and so there is a direct connection to human health, and this research suggested the possible risks posed by each edible animal. In particular, evaluation of metals in livestock is rare in Mongolia. This result can contribute to animal and human health in Mongolian communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayartogtokh Bataa
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
| | - Kodai Motohira
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Delgermurun Dugar
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
| | - Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
| | - Lkhamjav Gendenpil
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
| | | | - Bolormaa Pelden
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
| | - Yared Beyene Yohannes
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia
| | - Sumiya Ganzorig
- Spatial Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biology, National University of Mongolia, Baga Toiruu 2, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Shouta M. M. Nakayama
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
- Biomedical Sciences Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Department of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, Japan
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Hokkaido, Japan
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Cao J, Xie C, Hou Z. Ecological evaluation of heavy metal pollution in the soil of Pb-Zn mines. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:259-270. [PMID: 34981243 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal pollution evaluations are a necessary measure for mine ecological control projects. In this study, the heavy metals Pb, Zn and Cd were studied in mining areas, tailings areas, sewage plant areas, residential areas, reclamation areas, and farmland areas. Soil pollution assessments of lead-zinc ore mine soils in the countryside of China are performed based on the index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) and the improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the pollution sources were analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF). The Igeo for the heavy metals Pb, Zn and Cd in the mining area reached 5.20, 3.34, and 5.66, respectively. In addition, 80 and 65% of the mining area and tailings area reached extremely strong pollution, respectively. The numerical simulation predicts that the pollution hazard in the southeast of the mine is high and that the pollution is concentrated. The severity of soil pollution in mines derived by the index of improved analytic hierarchy process (PAHP) was as follows: mining area (70.80) > sewage plant area (35.57) > tailings area (30.64) > farmland area (28.40) > residential area (21.11) > reclamation area (10.06). Among the three categories of pollution sources, one includes reclamation area, farmland area and tailings area; one includes sewage plant area and residential area; and one includes mining area. The source contribution of Pb by the phenomenon of indiscriminate discharge of wastewater after ore smelting was as high as 90.4%; The contribution of the blind mining and tailings piling phenomenon of mines to the source of heavy metals Zn and Cd was 81.4 and 90.2%, respectively. This study proposes a reliable scientific method and technical method for evaluating mine soil pollution and provides a guiding basis for mine development and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Chengyu Xie
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
| | - Zhiru Hou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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Batbold C, Chonokhuu S, Buuveijargal K, Gankhuyag K. Source apportionment and spatial distribution of heavy metals in atmospheric settled dust of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45474-45485. [PMID: 33866505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric settled dust study was conducted with the purpose of to determine the source of heavy metal elements (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in airborne dust from Ulaanbaatar using the multivariate analysis and spatial distribution mapping by geographic information system (GIS) with the systematic grid. A total of 57 dust samples were collected from the impervious surfaces at 2-4 m above the ground in January of 2020. The mean concentrations of heavy metals were increasing order of Co-10.4 ± 1.3 mg/kg > As-16.5 ± 5.9 mg/kg > Ni-21.3 ± 3.3 mg/kg > Pb-51.7 ± 26.4 mg/kg > Cu-65.5 ± 23.6 mg/kg > Cr-70.2 ± 18.7 mg/kg > Zn-571.3 ± 422.8 mg/kg. In terms of multivariate analysis, we used Pearson's correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (CA). Three principal components, which are eigenvalues higher than 1, were determined accounting for 70.5% of the total variance by PCA. As a result, PC1 38.5% (As, Cr, Cu, and Ni), PC2 17.3% (Pb and Zn), and PC3 14.7% (Co and Pb) are attributable to coal combustion, vehicle exhaust emission, and resuspension of soil particles, respectively. The results of correlation analysis and CA were fairly in agreement with PCA. The spatial distribution maps of heavy metals were revealed in the downtown in which 40 covered sampling sites with about 700m intervals. In the spatial distribution mappings, generally, the southern part of the mapping area was higher concentrations of heavy metals. An increment of heavy metals concentration was presented for As, Cr, Co, and Ni with their similar trend in the southwestern part of the mapping. Besides, another trend for the distribution of the high concentrations of Cu and Zn was observed in the south and southeast parts. In terms of Pb, it had no noticeable pattern of distribution; however, a high spot was presented in the southwest part of the map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chultem Batbold
- Laboratory of Air and Environmental Monitoring, Graduate School, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Sonomdagva Chonokhuu
- Laboratory of Air and Environmental Monitoring, Graduate School, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia.
- Department of Environment and Forest Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia.
| | - Khulan Buuveijargal
- Department of Environment and Forest Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Khongor Gankhuyag
- Laboratory of Air and Environmental Monitoring, Graduate School, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
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Xiao L, Zhou Y, Huang H, Liu YJ, Li K, Li MY, Tian Y, Wu F. Application of Geostatistical Analysis and Random Forest for Source Analysis and Human Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Arable Land Soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249296. [PMID: 33322666 PMCID: PMC7763655 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arable land soil is one of the most precious natural resources of Earth, it provides the fundamental material and numerous resources essential for the development of human society. To determine the pollution of potential toxic factors in the surface soil of cultivated land and its risks to human health, concentrations of five different potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were detected in 1109 soil samples collected in Xiangzhou, China, in 2019. In this study, health risk assessment was used to judge the degree of pollution in the study area, the result of Geographic Information System (GIS) was as used to research the spatial distribution characteristics of PTEs, and random forest (RF) was used to assess the natural and man-made influencing factors. We investigated the sources of PTEs through quantifying the indicators, which gave further insights. The main results are: (1) In arable land soil, the average content of PTEs is 0.14 mg/kg cadmium (Cd), 0.05 mg/kg mercury (Hg), 12.89 mg/kg arsenic (As), 29.23 mg/kg lead (Pb), and 78.58 mg/kg chromium (Cr), respectively. The content of As and Pb outpaced the background value of Hubei soil. (2) The human health risk assessment in Xiangzhou indicates that the most important exposure pathway is soil ingestion, occupied about 99% to health risks of PTEs; non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to As, Pb and Cr in soil was higher than the limit (overall potential risk index, HI > 1) for both children and adults. Moreover, carcinogenic risk postured by Cd, Cr, and As was higher than the limit (10-4) through soil exposure for both children and adults, indicating that Cd, As, Pb and Cr in soil have significant effect on people's health through exposure. (3) We found that the increased PTEs in the arable land soil mainly originated from potential water sources, air and soil pollution sources, breeding farms, and mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yong Zhou
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1380-716-1786
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