1
|
Huang Z, Li L, Lu Y, Meng J, Wu X. Effects of rope skipping exercise on working memory and cardiorespiratory fitness in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1381403. [PMID: 38846914 PMCID: PMC11153777 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1381403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit deficits in working memory (WM) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), both of which are closely associated with the core symptoms of ADHD. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rope skipping exercise (RSE) on the WM and CRF of children with ADHD, to provide a theoretical foundation for the optimization of exercise intervention programs tailored to children with ADHD. Methods This study recruited 55 children (age range 6-12 years) and randomly assigned them into three groups: the ADHD with RSE (AWRSE, n=22, mean age: 10.18 ± 1.10 years), the ADHD with sports game (SG) (AWSG, n=16, mean age: 9.38 ± 0.96 years), and the typically developing (TD) control group (CG, n=17, mean age: 8.94 ± 0.56 years). The AWRSE underwent a RSE intervention, while the other two groups participated in SG. The exercise intervention lasted for 8 weeks, with sessions held twice a week for 60 minutes each, at a moderate-to-vigorous-intensity (64-95% HRmax). All children in each group underwent pre-test and post-test, including height, weight, BMI, n-back, and 20mSRT. One-way analysis of variance (Ony-way ANOVA) and paired sample t-test were used to analyze inter- and intra-group differences respectively. Results Before the intervention, children with ADHD exhibited a significantly lower VO2max compared to the TD children (p<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the other indicators between the groups (p>0.05). After the intervention, no significant inter-group differences were found across all indices for the three groups of children (p > 0.05). The AWRSE had significant improvements in the accuracy of 1-back task, Pacer (laps), and VO2max (p<0.05), with the level of CRF approaching that of TD children. A significant decrease in response time for the 1-back task was observed in the CG. Conclusion An 8-week RSE intervention is an effective therapeutic approach for children with ADHD, significantly enhancing their WM and CRF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Huang
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijuan Lu
- Shanghai Shiguang School, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Meng
- School of Sports and Health, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xueping Wu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vajda M, Oreská Ľ, Černáčková A, Čupka M, Tirpáková V, Cvečka J, Hamar D, Protasi F, Šarabon N, Zampieri S, Löfler S, Kern H, Sedliak M. Aging and Possible Benefits or Negatives of Lifelong Endurance Running: How Master Male Athletes Differ from Young Athletes and Elderly Sedentary? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13184. [PMID: 36293774 PMCID: PMC9602696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Regular physical activity, recommended by the WHO, is crucial in maintaining a good physical fitness level and health status and slows down the effects of aging. However, there is a lack of knowledge of whether lifelong endurance running, with a volume and frequency above the WHO limits, still brings the same benefits, or several negative effects too. The present study aims to examine the protentional benefits and risks of lifelong endurance running training in Master male athletes, as this level of physical activity is above the WHO recommendations. Within the study, four main groups of participants will be included: (1) endurance-trained master athletes, (2) endurance-trained young athletes, (3) young sedentary adults, and (4) elderly sedentary. Both groups of athletes are strictly marathon runners, who are still actively running. The broad spectrum of the diagnostic tests, from the questionnaires, physical fitness testing, and blood sampling to muscle biopsy, will be performed to obtain the possibility of complexly analyzing the effects of lifelong endurance physical activity on the human body and aging. Moreover, the study will try to discover and explain new relationships between endurance running and diagnostic parameters, not only within aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matej Vajda
- Hamar Institute for Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľudmila Oreská
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alena Černáčková
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Čupka
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Tirpáková
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Cvečka
- Hamar Institute for Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Hamar
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia
- Human Health Department, InnoRenew CoE, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia
- Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefan Löfler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research, 1100 Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Physical Medicine, Physik und Rheumatherapie, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Helmut Kern
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research, 1100 Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Physical Medicine, Physik und Rheumatherapie, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
- Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 3300 Amstetten, Austria
| | - Milan Sedliak
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peralta M, Marques A, Ferrari G, Martins J, López-Flores M, Minderico C, Sardinha LB. The effect of school year and summer break in health-related cardiorespiratory fitness: A 2-year longitudinal analysis. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:1175-1182. [PMID: 35348046 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2057004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the trends of health-related cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) during two school years with a 3-month summer break in children and adolescents. A 2-year longitudinal study, including 440 6th to 8th graders (218 boys), mean age 12.3 years, was conducted. The Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) was used to assess CRF. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers. Repeated measures linear models were used to analyses differences and trends in VO2peak and health-related CRF. Overall differences between time-point VO2peak were significant for both boys (p<0.001) and girls (p=0.003). Pairwise comparisons showed that VO2peak improved from the beginning to the end of the same school year for boys (school-year 1: 1.53 ml/kg/min, 95%CI=0.98, 2.09; school-year 2: 1.81 ml/kg/min, 95%CI=1.28, 2.34) and girls (school-year 1: 0.85 ml/kg/min, 95%CI=0.43, 1.27; school-year 2: 1.05 ml/kg/min, 95%CI=0.73, 1.36), while, differences in CRF during summer break were not significant. However, significance was only maintained for girls when performing monthly adjusted analysis. Improvements in CRF were observed during school year and remained unchanged during summer break. These findings provide relevant information for the health education community, suggesting the need for additional efforts to counteract the summer break effects on CRF, especially for girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - João Martins
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Cláudia Minderico
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|