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Batame M. Unlocking gender dynamics in food and nutrition security in Ghana: assessing dietary diversity, food security, and crop diversification among cocoa household heads in the Juaboso-Bia cocoa landscape. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:985. [PMID: 38589821 PMCID: PMC11003139 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition is a worldwide problem that impacts every country, affecting one in three individuals, including Ghana. According to estimates from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 690 million people were undernourished globally in 2019. Malnutrition is no exception in rural cocoa communities in Ghana. The expansion of cocoa is causing food insecurity and low dietary diversity in most cocoa-growing areas. There is little information on the food security status and dietary diversity among male-headed and female-headed cocoa households in the Juaboso-Bia cocoa landscape. Thus, this study sought to explore the dietary diversity distribution, food security status, sources of staple food, food unavailability periods, food production status, themes contributing to low dietary diversity and food insecurity, and perception of the impact of cocoa expansion on crop diversification among male-headed and female-headed cocoa households in the study area. METHODS Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed to address the research questions. The study collected 200 semi-structured questionnaire data and 14 in-depth interview data from cocoa household heads in the Juaboso-Bia landscape. The survey data was cleaned and analysis, such as household dietary diversity status, food security status, and binary logistic regression were performed in the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS). The in-depth interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Through this study, it was revealed that 62.8% of the male-headed cocoa households had medium to high dietary diversity compared to their female counterparts 39.3%. About 47.9% of the male-headed households were food secure than the female-headed households (29.1%). Moreover, the months that both male and female-headed households recalled facing severe food unavailability were July and June. In addition, climate change/variability, unavailable lands, poverty, large household size, and gender stereotypes were themes promoting low dietary diversity and food insecurity among male and female-headed households. Furthermore, sex, total household income, and cropland conversion to cocoa were the variables influencing household heads' perception of the impact of cocoa expansion on crop diversification. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that the male-headed cocoa households had high dietary diversity and were food secure than the female-headed cocoa households, lending credence to the conceptual framework applied in this study. There is a significant relationship between household head gender and food security status. Therefore, this study recommends the following interventions to improve dietary diversity and food security among male and female-headed cocoa households: raise awareness about the need for diverse diets and provide practical information on how to incorporate a greater variety of food groups into their daily meals; and promote gender equity and inclusivity in food security interventions. Future research could investigate how gender mainstreaming policies in agriculture have helped empower and improve the food security of female-headed households in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Batame
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
- Department of Natural Resources Management, Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation, ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Mahal S, Kucha C, Kwofie EM, Ngadi M. A systematic review of dietary data collection methodologies for diet diversity indicators. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1195799. [PMID: 38577154 PMCID: PMC10992480 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1195799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to critically assess the gaps in the existing methodologies of dietary data collection for diet diversity indicators. The study proposed the importance of smartphone application to overcome the drawbacks. The review paper identified and assessed the conventional methodologies used in diet diversity indicators including Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W), Minimum Dietary Diversity of Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (IYCF-MDD), and Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS). The 80 research studies from 38 countries were critically assessed on the basis of their research aim, study design, target audience, dietary data collection methodology, sample size, dietary data type, dietary data collection frequency, and location point of dietary data collection. Results indicated that most studies employed interviewer-administered 24-h recall assessing the dietary diversity. The review paper concluded that smartphone application had potential to overcome the identified limitations of conventional methodologies including recall bias, social-desirability bias, interviewer training, and cost-time constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeg Mahal
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher Kucha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ebenezer M. Kwofie
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Ngadi
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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Laelago Ersedo T, Teka TA, Fikreyesus Forsido S, Dessalegn E, Adebo JA, Tamiru M, Astatkie T. Food flavor enhancement, preservation, and bio-functionality of ginger ( Zingiber officinale): a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2194576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Sly BC, Weir TL, Cunningham-Sabo L, Leisz SJ, Stull VJ, Melby CL. Increasing Household Diet Diversity and Food Security in Rural Rwanda Using Small-Scale Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture: A Community-Engaged Proof-of-Concept Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3137. [PMID: 37513555 PMCID: PMC10386443 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition and food insecurity remain high in rural Rwanda, where residents consume a low-diversity diet provided through subsistence farming. Agricultural interventions using kitchen gardens may improve diet diversity in some populations. However, little is known about their efficacy when developed using community-based participatory research in combination with nutrition education focused on the empowerment of women. The objective of this study was to develop and implement a kitchen garden and nutrition education intervention using a community-engaged model and examine its impact on household diet diversity and food security. Using a mixed methods community-level design, we assessed a 16-week intervention implemented in Cyanika, Rwanda. Stratified purposeful sampling was used to select women participants representing 42 households. Household diet diversity scores (HHDS) and hunger scores were calculated at the baseline, post-intervention and one-year follow-up. HDDS increased after intervention from a pre-intervention intake of 2.59 [1.3] food groups/day, to 4.85 [1.6] at four months post-intervention and at one year post-intervention, reaching 5.55 [1.3]. There were no significant changes in household hunger scores. Our results indicate that collaborative community-engaged nutrition-sensitive agricultural interventions can increase household diet diversity; however, future work should explore whether this type of intervention strategy can lead to sustained changes and impact nutritional adequacy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney C Sly
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Tiffany L Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Leslie Cunningham-Sabo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Stephen J Leisz
- Department of Anthropology and Geography, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Valerie J Stull
- Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christopher L Melby
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Sohrabi M, Mollanoroozy E, Abbasi H, Mehrabadi S, Zamani F, Ajdarkosh H, Hatamian S, Bahavar A, Safarnezhad Tameshkel F, Gholami A. Household Food Insecurity and Associated Factors among Iranian Patients with Esophageal and Gastric Cancers. Middle East J Dig Dis 2023; 15:76-82. [PMID: 37546504 PMCID: PMC10404090 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2023.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Household food insecurity (HFI) which has still been one of the major global public health issues is related to adverse health outcomes in individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of HFI and its associated factors in Iranian patients with esophageal and gastric cancers. Methods: The data of this cross-sectional study was obtained from 315 patients with esophageal and gastric cancers who were selected from a gastrointestinal cancer-based cohort study conducted in Firoozgar hospital, in Tehran. Food insecurity (FI) was measured using the Iranian version of the HFI questionnaire that was completed by a trained interviewer. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the independent association of each factor with HFI. A P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean±SD of participants' age was 63.2±12.6 years and 65.4% were men. Most of the patients (75.8%) suffered from gastric cancer and 24.2% from esophageal cancer. The overall prevalence of FI among participants' households was 35.2%. There was an independent significant association between wealth index (WI) and HFI after the use of the multivariable logistic regression model, in such a way that the odds of FI in the poorest, poor, moderate, and rich patients' households were respectively, 6.41, 5.05, 2.74 and 2.04 times higher compared with the richest households. Conclusion: More than a third of participants' households struggled with FI, which was found to have a higher prevalence in loweconomic households. Therefore, health policymakers should intervene in food-insecure households by developing, establishing, and implementing strategies and control programs to improve affordable food access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoudreza Sohrabi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Mollanoroozy
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical, Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Hamid Abbasi
- Department of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Shima Mehrabadi
- Student Research Committee, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ajdarkosh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sare Hatamian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Bahavar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical, Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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Zhang Y, Yang K, Hou S, Zhong T, Crush J. Factors determining household-level food insecurity during COVID-19 epidemic: a case of Wuhan, China. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:5501. [PMID: 33776620 PMCID: PMC7955523 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.5501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In coping with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, cities adopted social isolation and lockdown measures; however, little is known about the impacts of these restrictions on household food security. Objective This study provides a timely assessment of household food insecurity (HFI) in the Chinese city of Wuhan during the COVID-19 epidemic period and also investigates its determinant factors. Design We collected valid data on food insecurity from 653 households in Wuhan via an online questionnaire in March 2020. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale Score (HFIASS) was used to measure HFI, and a multiple linear regression model was used to determine the HFIASS. Results The mean HFIASS in Wuhan was 9.42 (standard deviation: 5.82), with more than 50% of the households had an HFIASS < 9. Compared with normal conditions, lockdown measures had a huge negative impact on household food security. The results revealed that socio-demographic characteristics remained the underlying determinants of HFIASS during the epidemic. Households in Wuhan with local Hukou (city household registration) and self-owned property had a lower risk of food insecurity. Discussion and conclusion After the restriction of conventional food access channels, intermediary food purchase methods such as group purchasing, shopping with the help of neighborhood committees, property management agents, and volunteers became the most important or the only channel for residents to access food. There were similarities in the use of these intermediary channels. Based on the probability that the epidemic will continue and the probability of similar public health-related outbreaks in the future, the study calls for a more resilient and responsive sustainable food supply system by harnessing the capacity of communities, e-commerce and rapid logistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kui Yang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Hou
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Taiyang Zhong
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jonathan Crush
- Balsillie School of International Affairs, Canada; Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada; University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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