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Fan Y, Zhang B, Wang Y, Wu H. Different humidity environments do not affect the subsequent exercise ability of college football players after aerobic high-intensity interval training. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16205. [PMID: 39003355 PMCID: PMC11246416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have explored the effect of differing heat and relative humidity (RH) environments on the performance of multiple anaerobic high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Still, its impact on physiological responses and performance following aerobic HIIT has not been well studied. This study examined the effects of differing RH environments on physiological responses and performance in college football players following HIIT. Twelve college football completed HIIT under four different environmental conditions: (1) 25 °C/20% RH (Control group); (2) 35 °C/20% RH (H20 group); (3) 35 °C/40% RH (H40 group); (4) 35 °C/80% RH (H80 group). The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), lactate, tympanic temperature (TT), skin temperature (TS), thermal sensation (TS), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded continuously throughout the exercise. The heart rate variability (HRV): including root mean squared differences of the standard deviation (RMSSD)、standard deviation differences of the standard deviation (SDNN)、high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), squat jump height (SJH), cycling time to exhaustion (TTE), and sweat rate (SR) were monitored pre-exercise and post-exercise. The HR, MAP, lactate, TT, Ts, TS, and RPE in the 4 groups showed a trend of rapid increase, then decreased gradually. There was no significant difference in HR, MAP, TT, or RPE between the 4 groups at the same time point (p > 0.05), in addition to this, when compared to the C group, the lactate, Ts, TS in the other 3 groups significant differences were observed at the corresponding time points (p < 0.05). The RMSSD, SDNN, HF, and LF levels in the 4 groups before exercise were not significantly different. The RMSSD and HF in the H40 and H80 groups were significantly decreased and other HRV indicators showed no significant difference after exercise. In sports performance measurement, the SJH and TTE were significantly decreased, but there was no significant difference in the 4 groups. The SR was no significant difference in the 4 groups after exercise. In conclusion, heat and humidity environments elicited generally greater physiological effects compared with the normal environment but did not affect sports performance in college football players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhao Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Ben Zhang
- Department of Arts and Physical Education, Shantou Polytechnic, Shantou, 515078, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Physical Education Teaching and Research, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Ltifi MA, Zouhal H, Laher I, Saeidi A, Govindasamy K, Granacher U, Aouadi R, Abderrahman AB. Lower limbs micro-loading acutely attenuates repeated change-of-direction performance in male youth during small-sided soccer games. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:172. [PMID: 38111047 PMCID: PMC10726642 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soccer players often wear light-weighted wearable resistance (WR) attached to different body parts during the warm-up period with the aim to improve measures of physical fitness. However, the effect of WR on physical performance is unknown. This study evaluated the effects of WR with different micro-loadings on repeated change-of-direction (RCoD) performance while executing small-sided soccer games (SSG). METHODS Twenty male soccer players aged 16.0 ± 1.5 years (body mass 74.0 ± 7.4 kg, body-height 175.0 ± 10.0 cm) volunteered to participate in this study. Following a within-subject study design, players performed four specific warm-up protocols in randomized order with a rest of 72 h between protocols: (1) WR micro-loadings with 0.1% of body mass (WR0.1); (2) WR micro-loadings with 0.2% of body mass (WR0.2); (3) WR micro-loadings with 0.3% of body mass (WR0.3); (4) no WR (control = CONT). After the warm-up protocols, players performed 2 sets of 20-min SSG. The RCoD was collected at the 8th min of SSG (SSG 1-8 min), the 15th min of SSG1 (SSG1-15 min), and at the 15th min of SSG2 (SSG2-15 min). Outcomes included mean and total RCoD indices (i.e., mean time and total time for each condition). RESULTS Based on the outcomes of a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), WR0.1 and WR0.2 were more effective than control in dampening the decrease of RCoD's total time during SSG1-8 min, and SSG2-15 min (small ES: 0.24-0.35; p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between WR0.3 and control. In addition, WR0.1 and WR0.2 significantly affected the decreases in RCoD's mean best time during SSG1 and SSG2 which was observed in the unloaded condition (CONT) and consequently displayed a lower rate of RCoD performance decrease. CONCLUSION This study reports that wearing lower extremity WRs with micro-loads of 0.1% or 0.2% of body mass attenuates physical fatigue indicated in attenuated RCoD performance while executing SSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amine Ltifi
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health & Society" Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Laboratoire Mouvement Sport, Santé - EA 1274, Univ Rennes, M2S, Rennes, F-35000, France.
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2IS), Irodouer, 35850, France.
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ridha Aouadi
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health & Society" Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.
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Dong K, Yu T, Chun B. Effects of Core Training on Sport-Specific Performance of Athletes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13020148. [PMID: 36829378 PMCID: PMC9952339 DOI: 10.3390/bs13020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving athletes' performance is a major topic of interest in studies on competitive sports. Core training has been used as a training method in daily life and rehabilitation, and recently, in competitive sports, with positive results. Previous experimental studies showed that core training can improve the fitness level of athletes (e.g., balance, core stability, etc.), but offer no consistent conclusions on whether it can improve sport-specific performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of core training on the sport-specific performance of athletes through a meta-analysis. Relevant studies on randomized controlled trials were selected, and we calculated the effect size using standardized mean difference values and the random effects model. Results showed that core training had almost no effect on athletes' power and speed, while agility showed a medium effect size but no statistical significance. On the other hand, there was a large effect on general athletic performance, such as core endurance and balance. Consequently, core training had a great effect on the core endurance and balance of athletes, but little effect on sport-specific performance. This result implies that more elaborate core training programs should be designed to improve the sport-specific performance of athletes.
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Zhang ZY, Ji HS, He JX, Huang LJ, Ding SC, Sun J, Li DY. A Meta-analysis of the Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Small-Sided Games on Sprint Performance in Adolescents. Strength Cond J 2023. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Effects of small-sided games and running-based high-intensity interval training on body composition and physical fitness in under-19 female soccer players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:119. [PMID: 35765044 PMCID: PMC9238068 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare the effects of small-sided games (SSGs) and running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the body composition and physical fitness of youth female soccer players.
Methods This study followed a randomized parallel study design. Twenty-four female soccer players (age: 18.63 ± 2.36 years) were randomly allocated to two training groups (SSG, n = 12; and HIIT, n = 12). The training intervention had a duration of eight weeks, consisting of three training sessions per week. Players were assessed twice (pre- and post-intervention) for anthropometrics, vertical (countermovement jumps, CMJ; and drop jumps, DJ) and horizontal jumping (single, triple and crossover hop), sprinting (10- and 30-m), change-of-direction (COD), COD deficit and final velocity at 30–15 Intermittent Fitness Test (VIFT). A covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was used to determine differences between the groups in the effect on post-intervention by controlling for covariates (pre-intervention). The within-group analysis (time) was performed using a paired t-test, while the between-group analysis per assessment moment was performed using an independent t-test. Results The between-group analysis with ANCOVA revealed that there are no significant differences between the SSG and HIIT groups in the post-intervention for any outcome (p > 0.05). The within-group analysis revealed significant improvements in both the SSG and HIIT groups in CMJ (p < 0.05), single, triple and crossover hops (p < 0.05), RSI DJ 30-cm and RSI DJ 40-cm (p < 0.05), VIFT (p < 0.05) and COD (p < 0.05). Conclusions SSG and HIIT are both effective for improving vertical and horizontal jumping ability, change-of-direction, and aerobic capacity status measured at a progressive and intermittent multistage test in youth soccer players.
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Gherghel A, Badau D, Badau A, Moraru L, Manolache GM, Oancea BM, Tifrea C, Tudor V, Costache RM. Optimizing the Explosive Force of the Elite Level Football-Tennis Players through Plyometric and Specific Exercises. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158228. [PMID: 34360523 PMCID: PMC8345974 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the research was to implement an athletic program to improve the explosive force in order to optimize physical fitness at the level of elite football-tennis players and evaluate the progress made through specific tests using the Opto Jump. The research included 10 elite European and world-class players, on whom an experimental program was applied in order to improve the explosive force of the limbs in conditions of speed, endurance, and dynamic balance. Study tests: five vertical jumps on the spot, on the left/right leg; five back and forth jumps on the left/right leg; five left/right side jumps on the left/right leg; vertical jumps on both legs 60 s; BFS vertical jumps. For each test, the following parameters specific to the explosive force were statistically analyzed: contact time (s); flight time (s); jump height (cm), jump power (w/kg); RSI—Reactive Strength Index, defined as Height (m/s). In the study, the average value of the parameters specific to the jumps performed in each test was taken into account. During the study, the tests were performed and processed on the Opto Jump device and software. In all tests of the experiment monitored through Opto Jump, significant progress was made in the final test compared to the initial one, which demonstrates the efficiency of the physical training program implemented for the development of explosive force, with an impact on the sports performance of elite players. The most relevant results obtained for the left leg regarding the improvement of the explosive force of the lower limbs materialized in the jump height parameter was in the test of five vertical jumps on one leg on the spot, and for the right leg in the tests of: five back and forth jumps and five left/right side jumps. The most significant advances in the study were in the tests, in descending order of their weight: 60 s vertical jumps on both legs; five back-and-forth jumps and five left/right side jumps, five vertical jumps on one leg standing, and BFS vertical jumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Gherghel
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (C.T.); (V.T.); (R.M.C.)
| | - Dana Badau
- Faculty of Sciences and Letters, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University, 500068 Brasov, Romania;
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Adela Badau
- Faculty of Sciences and Letters, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Liviu Moraru
- Faculty of Medicine, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (L.M.)
| | | | - Bogdan Marian Oancea
- Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University, 500068 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Corina Tifrea
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (C.T.); (V.T.); (R.M.C.)
| | - Virgil Tudor
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (C.T.); (V.T.); (R.M.C.)
| | - Raluca Maria Costache
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (C.T.); (V.T.); (R.M.C.)
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