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Jiang H, Zhang J, Liu Y, Li J, Fang ZN. Does flooding get worse with subsiding land? Investigating the impacts of land subsidence on flood inundation from Hurricane Harvey. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161072. [PMID: 36581293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most devastating tropical storms, 2017 Hurricane Harvey caused severe flooding and damage in Houston, Texas. Besides enormous rainfall amount, land subsidence might be another contributing factor to the Harvey flood. However, few studies have numerically quantified the evolvement of land subsidence over decades, largely due to the lack of reliable methods to realistically estimate land subsidence both continuously and at high spatial resolution. Therefore, this study aims to investigate retrospective changes of regional topology due to 117 years (1900 to 2017) of land subsidence and the consequent impacts on flood inundation. Based on continuous land subsidence, we conduct a series of simulations on the 2017 Hurricane Harvey in Brays Bayou, Texas using a hydrodynamic/hydraulic model. The results indicate that the overall change of flood depth caused by land subsidence is relatively minor with the flood water deepened by six centimeters per one meter of subsided land at the worst impacted location. The impact from land subsidence on flood depth exhibits strong nonlinearity in time, where effects from previous land subsidence hotspots could be altered by later continuing land subsidence. Spatially, changes in flood depth due to the land subsidence are not only heterogeneous but mixed with coexisting increased and reduced flood depths. The results of this study improve the understanding of the dynamic evolvement of flood inundation due to continuous land subsidence so that better planning can be initiated for sustainable urban development for coastal communities, which is imperative under ongoing climate change and sea level rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zheng N Fang
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
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Zheng S, Liu L, Dong X, Hu Y, Niu P. Dominance of Influencing Factors on Cooling Effect of Urban Parks in Different Climatic Regions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15496. [PMID: 36497571 PMCID: PMC9735790 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of the park cooling effect (PCE) is one method used to alleviate the urban heat island (UHI). The cooling effect is affected by park factors; however, the importance of these factors in the case of the PCE is still unclear. Optimizing or planning urban parks according to the importance of the influencing factors can effectively enhance the PCE. Herein, we selected 502 urban parks in 29 cities in China with three different climatic regions and quantified the PCE based on the park cooling intensity (PCI) and park cooling area (PCA). Subsequently, the relative importance of the influencing factors for the PCE was compared to identify the main factors. Consequently, certain park planning suggestions were proposed to enhance the cooling effect. The results show that: (1) the PCE increased in the order of arid/semi-arid, semi-humid, and humid regions. (2) The main factors of the PCI differed significantly in different climatic regions; however, the waterbody within a park significantly affected the PCI in all three climates. However, for the PCA, park patch characteristics were the dominant factor, contributing approximately 80% in the three climates regions. (3) In arid/semi-arid and semi-humid regions, the optimal area proportion of waterbody and vegetation within the park were approximately 1:2 and 1:1, respectively, and the threshold value of the park area was 16 ha. In contrast, in the humid region, the addition of a waterbody area within the park, to the best extent possible, enhanced the PCI, and the threshold value of the park area was 19 ha. The unique results of this study are expected to function as a guide to future urban park planning on a regional scale to maximize ecological benefits while mitigating the UHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songxin Zheng
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratories for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lichen Liu
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratories for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dong
- School of Architecture and Design, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yanqing Hu
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratories for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pengpeng Niu
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratories for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Li C, Zhang T, Wang X, Lian Z. Site Selection of Urban Parks Based on Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP): A Case Study of Nanjing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13159. [PMID: 36293742 PMCID: PMC9603808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The scientific siting of urban parks is critical for sustainable urban environment development, and this study aimed to identify suitable areas for future urban parks in Nanjing, China. This study has integrated geographic information systems (GIS) and fuzzy hierarchical analysis (F-AHP) in order to evaluate the suitability of the site selection of urban parks in Nanjing, China. Different physical, natural, environmental, accessibility, and human activity factors were evaluated in order to assess the suitability of a park site. The results revealed that 5% were highly suitable for urban park site selection, 36% were more suitable, 32% were moderately suitable, 19% were less suitable, and 8% were unsuitable for urban park site selection. The findings suggest that the areas that are highly suitable for urban park placement are located in the western and eastern parts of Nanjing. Carbon storage was the most important factor in the suitability of urban park site selection, followed by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the heat-island effect. The methodology that has been adopted in this study helps to improve the methodological framework of combining F-AHP and GIS; in addition, generating urban park site selection maps assists planners and decision-makers in making scientific site selection decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Li
- Department of Landscape Technology, Suzhou Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Suzhou 215008, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Architecture, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zefeng Lian
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
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Wu J, Li X, Li S, Liu C, Yi T, Zhao Y. Spatial Heterogeneity and Attribution Analysis of Urban Thermal Comfort in China from 2000 to 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095683. [PMID: 35565078 PMCID: PMC9105431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Research on urban thermal environments based on thermal comfort can help formulate effective measures to improve urban thermal and human settlement environments, which is of great significance for improving urban quality, urban climate change adaptation, and sustainable development. Taking 344 municipal administrative districts in China as study areas, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) of each city in the last 20 years was calculated to evaluate thermal comfort. We then analyzed the thermal comfort and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of each city during a typical heat wave. Finally, the driving forces of the potential socioeconomic, natural, and landscape factors influencing thermal comfort were analyzed using geographic detectors. The results show that the thermal comfort index had similar spatial patterns and differentiation characteristics in different years, and the interannual variation was not obvious. Cities in the typical heat wave period were mainly distributed in East and Northwest China. The driving factor in the contribution rate of the same index in different years was basically the same and was not affected by the change in years, and the highest contribution rate was the natural factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (C.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-180-2870-3688
| | - Xuechen Li
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (C.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Si Li
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (C.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (C.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Tengyun Yi
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (C.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (C.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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