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Roberts ME, Singer JM, Lu B, Wagner DD, Wold LE, Qiang R, Craigmile PF, Tackett AP. The case of young people who use e-cigarettes infrequently: Who is this population? What becomes of them? Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 259:111316. [PMID: 38704886 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data indicate that many adolescents and young adults ("youth") engage in infrequent, or occasional, e-cigarette use. However, little is known about this population as they are often subsumed into the broader "any past-30-day use" category used to define youth "current use." This study aimed to focus on infrequent e-cigarette use by youth, examining its correlates and transitional outcomes. METHODS Participants were from a prospective cohort study of youth (aged 15-24 at baseline). Among youth who had used e-cigarettes, we classified "infrequent use" as using e-cigarettes ≤5 days in the last 30 days (n=273) and "frequent use" as using e-cigarettes ≥6 days in the last 30 days (n=278). Descriptive statistics, Markov modeling, and logistic regression were utilized. RESULTS By the 12-month follow-up, 76.8% of those using infrequently at baseline remained in the "infrequent use" category, 6.3% reported no recent use, and 16.8% had escalated to the "frequent use" category. Among the youth using infrequently at baseline, those who did (vs. did not) escalate to frequent use by follow-up had higher baseline nicotine dependence and were more likely to have family members who used tobacco. CONCLUSIONS Infrequent e-cigarette use is extremely common, and often fairly stable, among young people. Prevention efforts must certainly attempt to reduce escalation and attend to both individual and interpersonal factors (e.g., nicotine dependence, family use). Yet prevention efforts must additionally attend to the case of continued infrequent use, given the high prevalence of people in this category and their regular exposure to e-cigarette harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Roberts
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Jill M Singer
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Bo Lu
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dylan D Wagner
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Loren E Wold
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rui Qiang
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Peter F Craigmile
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alayna P Tackett
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Adzrago D, Sulley S, Williams F. Immigration status-related exclusive e-cigarette use and cannabis use and their dual use disparities associated with mental health disorder symptoms. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 255:111083. [PMID: 38215510 PMCID: PMC10866552 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION E-cigarette and cannabis use has been linked to various health risks, including respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. Yet, extant knowledge about the risk factors for exclusive and dual use of e-cigarettes and cannabis is limited, especially among immigrants. We examined exclusive e-cigarette and cannabis use and their dual use associated with mental health disorders among immigrants and U.S.-born. METHODS We analyzed national cross-sectional data collected between May 13, 2021, and January 9, 2022, among adults aged >18 years (n= 4766) living in U.S. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to model the associations of exclusivity and dual-use (reference group= non-use) with anxiety/depression. RESULTS The dual-use prevalence was higher than exclusive e-cigarette and cannabis use, especially among U.S.-born (dual use= 14.79% vs. cannabis use= 13.53% vs. e-cigarette use= 7.11%) compared to immigrants (dual use= 8.23% vs. cannabis use= 5.03% vs. e-cigarette use= 6.31%). Immigrants had lower risks of exclusive cannabis and dual use compared to U.S.-born. Anxiety/depression was associated with higher risks of exclusive cannabis use and dual use across immigration status, but was associated with exclusive e-cigarette use among only immigrants. While effect sizes of dual-use associated with anxiety/depression were higher among U.S.-born, the effect sizes of exclusive e-cigarette and cannabis use associated with anxiety/depression were higher among immigrants. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed significant mental health risks for e-cigarette, cannabis, and their dual use among immigrants and U.S.-born, especially among U.S.-born. These findings highlight the need for public health research and interventions to consider immigration status-related disparities in substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Adzrago
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Saanie Sulley
- National Healthy Start Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Khambayat S, Jaiswal A, Prasad R, Wanjari MB, Sharma R, Yelne S. Vaping Among Adolescents: An Overview of E-Cigarette Use in Middle and High School Students in India. Cureus 2023; 15:e38972. [PMID: 37313083 PMCID: PMC10259828 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
E-cigarette use among middle and high school students has become a growing public health concern in recent years. The prevalence of e-cigarette use among adolescents has increased dramatically, and there are serious health risks associated with this behavior. This review article provides an overview of e-cigarette use in middle and high school students, including the prevalence of use, contributing factors, health effects, policies and regulations surrounding e-cigarette use in schools, and interventions for preventing e-cigarette use in adolescents. The article highlights the need for effective prevention and cessation programs, increased public awareness about the risks of e-cigarette use, and stronger regulations on e-cigarette products. Addressing e-cigarette use among youth is critical for protecting the health and well-being of future generations, and it is important for parents, educators, healthcare providers, and policymakers to work together to prevent and reduce e-cigarette use among adolescents and promote healthy behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairaj Khambayat
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Arpita Jaiswal
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur B Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ranjana Sharma
- Medical Surgical Nursing, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Seema Yelne
- Nursing, Shalinitai Meghe College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Sánchez-Sánchez E, García-Ferrer L, Ramirez-Vargas G, Díaz-Jimenez J, Rosety-Rodriguez M, Díaz AJ, Ordonez FJ, Rosety MÁ, Rosety I, Poza-Méndez M. Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Adolescents and Young Adult Population on the Use of E-Cigarettes or Personal Vaporizer. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030382. [PMID: 36766957 PMCID: PMC9914263 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cig) or personal vaporizers (PV) has increased in recent years, especially among adolescents and adults, increasing risk factors for their health or being a starting point for other risk behaviours. The aim of our study is to learn the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of the adolescent and young adult population on the use of e-cigarettes or PVs. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 375 subjects. The use of e-cigs or PVs was measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Overall, 13.33% of the respondents used e-cigarettes or PVs. A correlation could be established between vape use and age, with 14-18-year-olds being the highest users (25.9%). Additionally, 90.13% of the respondents answered that e-cig or PV use was harmful to health. Other behaviours, such as consumption of energy drinks (ED), increases the probability of vaping by 3.08 times (CI = 1.55-6.29; p = 0.001). Subjects aged 23-26 years and 27-34 years are less likely to vape than subjects aged 14-18 years (OR = 0.31: CI = 0.09-0.96; p = 0.044; OR = 0.07: CI = 0.00-0.63; p = 0.037). The same applies to subjects with secondary education (OR = 0.17: CI = 0.04-0.66; p = 0.011) and postgraduate education (OR = 0.07: CI = 0.06-1.19; p = 0.043), than subjects with primary education. The use of e-cigs and PVs starts at an early age, despite the known harmful effects of e-cigs and PVs. Their use may occur mainly in recreational situations and in association with other substances such as ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez
- Internal Medicine Department, Punta de Europa Hospital, 11207 Algeciras, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Jara Díaz-Jimenez
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Manuel Rosety-Rodriguez
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz, Fragela Square s/n, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Díaz
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz, Fragela Square s/n, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Rosety
- Move-It Research Group, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Fragela Squares/n, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rosety
- Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz, Fragela Squares/n, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Poza-Méndez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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Jităreanu A, Cara IG, Sava A, Mârțu I, Caba IC, Agoroaei L. The Impact of the Storage Conditions and Type of Clearomizers on the Increase of Heavy Metal Levels in Electronic Cigarette Liquids Retailed in Romania. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10030126. [PMID: 35324751 PMCID: PMC8950552 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10030126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The growing popularity of electronic cigarettes has raised several public health concerns, including the risks associated with heavy metals exposure via e-liquids and vapors. The purpose of this study was to determine, using atomic absorption spectrometry, the concentrations of Pb, Ni, Zn, and Co in some commercially available e-liquid samples from Romania immediately after purchase and after storage in clearomizers. Lead and zinc were found in all investigated samples before storage. The initial concentrations of Pb ranged from 0.13 to 0.26 mg L−1, while Zn concentrations were between 0.04 and 0.07 mg L−1. Traces of nickel appeared in all investigated e-liquids before storage but in very small amounts (0.01–0.02 mg L−1). Co was below the detection limits. We investigated the influence of the storage period (1, 3, and 5 days), storage temperature (22 °C and 40 °C), and type of clearomizer. In most cases, the temperature rise and storage period increase were associated with higher concentrations of heavy metals. This confirms that storage conditions can affect metal transfer and suggests that the temperature of storage is another parameter that can influence this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jităreanu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.J.); (I.-C.C.); (L.A.)
| | - Irina Gabriela Cara
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Environment, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandru Sava
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Ioana Mârțu
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Ioana-Cezara Caba
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.J.); (I.-C.C.); (L.A.)
| | - Luminița Agoroaei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.J.); (I.-C.C.); (L.A.)
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