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Salah El-Din M, Alhazmi RM, Moussa R. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Dental Graduates: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e50673. [PMID: 38229779 PMCID: PMC10790956 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The pandemic-induced physical closure of educational institutions led to challenges for senior dental students that might affect their psychological status. This study aimed to assess stress, anxiety, and subjective worries among dental interns post-COVID-19. Methodology A self-structured questionnaire was sent to Alexandria University and Taibah University dental interns. The questionnaire included sociodemographic data, self-reported comorbidities, behavioral risk factors, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) scale, and future subjective worries regarding the dental profession post-COVID-19. Results A total of 129 interns participated, with the majority (79.1%) being females. Overall, 90.7% were unmarried, 80.6% lived with a family, 93.8% were free from systemic comorbidities, 82.17% were satisfied with their current life, and 63.6% felt positive quite often. K-10 distress levels were reported as very high (38%) and high (33.3%), and perceived satisfaction with current social life was significantly associated with moderate-to-high distress levels. Feeling positive about life quite often was significantly associated with very high distress levels. Mild GAD-7 anxiety levels were reported in 40.3% and were significantly associated with females, who perceived positive satisfaction with their current social life and felt positive about life. Most agreed that their profession would be risky, their ability to perform their job to the best would be jeopardized, and they would need extra precautions in clinical training post-COVID-19; however, they disagree with postponing their training until COVID-19 cases declined entirely. Conclusions Dental interns were affected by the lockdown, especially female interns. Psychological therapy is advised for stressed dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Salah El-Din
- Department of Prosthodontics, Alexandria University Main Hospital, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Rahaf M Alhazmi
- Department of Primary Healthcare-Dental Services, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Rania Moussa
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, SAU
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Ratul IJ, Nishat MM, Faisal F, Sultana S, Ahmed A, Al Mamun MA. Analyzing Perceived Psychological and Social Stress of University Students: A Machine Learning Approach. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17307. [PMID: 37332920 PMCID: PMC10266890 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the psychological and social stress levels of university students due to physical illness, enhanced dependence on mobile devices and internet, a lack of social activities, and home confinement. Therefore, early stress detection is crucial for their successful academic performance and mental well-being. The advent of machine learning (ML)-based prediction models can have a crucial impact in predicting stress at its early stages and taking necessary steps for the well-being of individuals. This study aims to develop a reliable machine learning-based prediction model for perceived stress prediction and validate the model using real-world data collected through an online survey among 444 university students from different ethnicity. The machine learning models were built using supervised machine learning algorithms. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the chi-squared test were employed as feature reduction techniques. Moreover, Grid Search Cross-Validation (GSCV) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) were employed for hyperparameter optimization (HPO). According to the findings, around 11.26% of individuals were identified with high levels of social stress. In comparison, approximately 24.10% of people were found to be suffering from extremely high psychological stress, which is quite alarming for students' mental health. Furthermore, the prediction results of the ML models demonstrated the most remarkable accuracy (80.5%), precision (1.000), F1 score (0.890), and recall value (0.826). The Multilayer Perceptron model was shown to have the maximum accuracy when combined with PCA as a feature reduction approach and GSCV for HPO. The convenience sampling technique used in this study only considers self-reported data, which may have biased results and lack generalizability. Future research should consider a large sample of data and focus on tracking long-term impacts with coping strategies and interventions. The results of this study can be used to develop strategies to mitigate adverse effects of the overuse of mobile devices and promote student well-being during pandemics and other stressful situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishrak Jahan Ratul
- Department of EEE, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | | | - Fahim Faisal
- Department of EEE, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Sultana
- Department of EEE, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Ashik Ahmed
- Department of EEE, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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Aldossari HM. Exploring interrelationships of COVID-19 dimensions in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2023; 47:73. [PMID: 37274302 PMCID: PMC10215055 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 affected the world threatening medical, social, economic and community dimensions. Along with the other countries of the world, Saudi Arabia also witnessed critical emergencies leading to serious disaster due mainly to the overcrowding at certain urban residential localities. Nevertheless, the situation handled meticulously not only with measures and combating strategies but also with documentations and researches to build sustainable confrontation systems and lateral programs. Main body of abstract This attempt is a consolidation of the academic efforts on COVID-19 in the country aiming to contribute to the knowledge base aiding to future planning on preparedness. An online survey of published academic research from peer reviewed journals were carried out during August-December 2022, using COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia as search criteria. Many areas of concern are assessed in the context which are classified into spread and burden, patient statistics, symptoms and other clinical dimensions, vaccinations and vaccine acceptance/hesitance, psychosocial impact, impact on education, impact on health staff, impact on migration, impact on nutrition, and control measures adopted. Short conclusions A consolidation of these research findings explains the scientific academic community alertness in raising up to the emergency pandemic situation, which facilitated strategy and policy formulations by the Government ministries and other governing bodies. These researches are linked to stagewise programmatic efforts to curtail the epidemic as a mode of accomplishments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Mansur Aldossari
- Geography and Geographical Information Systems Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Iosif L, Țâncu AMC, Didilescu AC, Imre M, Pițuru SM, Ionescu E, Jinga V. Perceptions and Expectations of Academic Staff in Bucharest towards the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Dental Education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031782. [PMID: 36767150 PMCID: PMC9914722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dental education was severely challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. The evaluation of the viewpoint of the dental teachers of the Faculty of Dentistry at "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Bucharest, Romania, on these exceptional circumstances' consequences was the objective of this paper. A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022, on the academic staff who reported their perceptions of the emotional and educational impact of the pandemic by completing a Google Forms questionnaire. Although a significant emotional impact of the pandemic was reported by over a third of the participants (31.2%), most of them being teachers of fifth-year dental students (p = 0.019), the perceived stress had an impact on the teaching performance in few of them (14%), the quality of sleep remaining unaffected in most of them (53.7%), whereas the level of anxiety was low (57%). An educational impact regarding the techno difficulties during the online transition was mentioned by few respondents (16.1%), with male teaching staff facing the fewest problems (p = 0.024), as well as low levels of difficulties in transmitting academic information (11.9), with men also being the most unaffected (p = 0.006). More than half of the participants (59.1%) rather see digital and/or virtual education during the pandemic as having adverse effects on the educational system, the most sceptical being teachers of the fifth (p = 0.001) and sixth years (p = 0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic affected the academic staff of the Faculty of Dentistry at "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Bucharest, Romania, not only at a personal level but also at a professional, pedagogical one, due to the introduction of the online teaching system followed by the hybrid one. Age group, gender, and teaching year differentiated the degree of emotional and educational impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Iosif
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Cristina Țâncu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Cristiana Didilescu
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marina Imre
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu Mirel Pițuru
- Department of Professional Organization and Medical Legislation-Malpractice, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Ionescu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dento-Facial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-21 Calea Plevnei Street, Sector 1, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele” Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Șoseaua Panduri 20, Sector 5, 050653 Bucharest, Romania
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Barone A, Billeci M, D'Amore S, De Prisco M, De Simone G, Ermini E, Freda V, Iannotta F, Luciani A, Pistone L, Rifici LM, Saia VM, Spennato G, Subosco F, Vellucci L, D'Urso G, Galletta D, Fornaro M, Iasevoli F, de Bartolomeis A. The effects of sustained COVID-19 emergency and restrictions on the mental health of subjects with serious mental illness: A prospective study. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:154-167. [PMID: 35615854 PMCID: PMC9347680 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Few longitudinal studies have so far investigated the impact of sustained COVID-19 among people with pre-existing psychiatric disorders. We conducted a prospective study involving people with serious mental illness (n = 114) and healthy controls (n = 41) to assess changes in the Perceived Stress Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, and Specific Psychotic Experiences Questionnaire scores 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic outset. Subjects underwent interviews with a mental health professional in April 2020 and at the end of the local third wave (October 2021). A significant increase in perceived stress was found in healthy controls, especially females. Psychiatric patients showed a significant worsening of anxiety symptoms compared to baseline records (t = -2.3, p = 0.036). Patients who rejected vaccination had significantly higher paranoia scores compared to those willing to get vaccinated (U = 649.5, z = -2.02, p = 0.04). These findings indicate that COVID-19's sustained emergency may cause enduring consequences on mental health, soliciting further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Barone
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Martina Billeci
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Sofia D'Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Giuseppe De Simone
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Eleonora Ermini
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Vittorio Freda
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Federica Iannotta
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Adalgisa Luciani
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Luca Pistone
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Lorenza M. Rifici
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Viviana M. Saia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Giancarlo Spennato
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Subosco
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Licia Vellucci
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Giordano D'Urso
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Diana Galletta
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Felice Iasevoli
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Andrea de Bartolomeis
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education & Sustainable Development at University of Naples “Federico II”School of MedicineNaplesItaly
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Cayo-Rojas C, Córdova-Limaylla N, Ladera-Castañeda M, Briceño-Vergel G, López-Gurreonero C, Castro-Mena M, Cornejo-Pinto A, Agramonte-Rosell R, Cervantes-Ganoza L. Psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic in dental interns from the Peruvian capital: A cross-sectional study under a multivariable regression model. Front Public Health 2022; 10:996921. [PMID: 36620256 PMCID: PMC9811120 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.996921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Psychological distress can be considered a maladaptive response to a stressful situation that occurs when external events or stressors impose demands that cannot be coped with. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the sociodemographic factors associated with psychological distress in dental interns from the Peruvian capital facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods This analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 392 Stomatology interns from the Peruvian capital from June to July 2022. The validated COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) scale to detect the levels of psychological distress consisted of four dimensions: negative mood, changes in behavior and cognitive skills, fatigue and hyperreactivity, and somatization. Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used for bivariable analysis. In addition, a logit model was used to assess the influence of variables: sex (X1), age group (X2), marital status (X3), monthly economic income (X4), working area in the capital city (X5), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (X6), with the psychological distress levels, considering a significance p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of psychological distress in dental interns was severe in 6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9-8.8%] and mild in 37.8% (95% CI: 33.0-42.6%). According to bivariable analysis, the levels of psychological distress by COVID-19 were not significantly associated with sex (p = 0.190), age group (p = 0.418), marital status (p = 0.554), monthly economic income (p = 0.327), working area in the capital city (p = 0.993), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (p = 0.134). In addition, according to the logistic regression analysis, none of the variables studied was considered an influential factor (p > 0.05) in psychological distress presented by dental interns. Conclusion The 44.2% of dental interns from the Peruvian capital presented psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic, without any of the possible associated variables of this study significantly affecting this behavioral disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru,*Correspondence: César Cayo-Rojas
| | | | - Marysela Ladera-Castañeda
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Manuel Castro-Mena
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Cornejo-Pinto
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
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Psychological impact on dental students and professionals in a Lima population during COVID-19s wave: a study with predictive models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14752. [PMID: 36042268 PMCID: PMC9426369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peru was the country with the highest COVID-19 case fatality rate worldwide during second wave of infection, with dentists and pre-professional students being susceptible to infection due to clinical procedures they perform. This situation could have generated some kind of psychological disorder within this group. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess how COVID-19 pandemic affected this population group during second wave, in relation to depression, anxiety and stress. This observational and cross-sectional study in 368 Peruvian dentists (186 students and 182 professionals), was carried out during August to November 2021. The DASS-21 Scale was used to diagnose depression, anxiety and stress. For the statistical analysis, Pearson's chi-square test was used, in addition to a logit model using odds ratio (OR) to evaluate depression, anxiety and stress with the following factors: gender, age group, marital status, monthly family income, children, academic level, history of COVID-19, COVID-19 symptomatology, close relative with COVID-19, living with vulnerable people and work dedication. In addition, predictive models were constructed considering all possible significant causes. A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered. Dental students and professionals presented significant differences in levels of depression, anxiety and stress (p < 0.001, p = 0.022, p = 0.001; respectively). Male students were 56% less likely to develop stress (OR 0.44; CI 0.22–0.85) compared to females; while those unmarried were 81% less likely to develop stress (OR 0.19; CI 0.04–0.85). Likewise, those with children were 83% less likely to develop stress (OR 0.17; CI 0.06–0.52) and 65% less likely to develop depression (OR 0.35; CI 0.15–0.80). In addition, COVID-19 asymptomatics were 60% less likely to develop depression (OR 0.40; CI 0.17–0.92). However, having relatives with COVID-19 caused almost three times the probability of developing depression (OR 2.96; CI 1.29–6.79) and twice the probability of developing stress (OR 2.49; CI 1.07–5.78). As for dental professionals, it was noticed that those unmarried had almost three times the probability of developing stress (OR 2.93; CI 1.38–6.23); while those who only worked had twice the probability of developing stress (OR 2.37; CI 1.17–4.78). Dental students had a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress. In addition, having children and being asymptomatic were protective predictors for depression, while being male, unmarried and having children were protective predictors for stress. However, having a relative with COVID-19 was a risk predictor for depression and stress. In professionals, only working and being unmarried were risk predictors for stress.
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Badura-Brzoza K, Dębski P, Główczyński P, Dębska-Janus M, Gorczyca P. Life Satisfaction and Perceived Stress versus Health Promoting Behavior among Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116706. [PMID: 35682290 PMCID: PMC9180281 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate health-promoting behaviors as a factor supporting life satisfaction and a protective factor against stress in a group of Polish medical students during the third wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. MATERIAL The study was conducted in October-December 2021. There were 306 people, including 203 students in the 1st year of medicine, aged 20.42 ± 1.92 years, and 103 students in the 5th year of medicine, aged 24.88 ± 1.7 years. METHODS The following were used: the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Health Behavior Inventory (IZZ), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The survey was conducted online. RESULTS In the study group, the average result of 23.66 ± 5.97 was obtained in the life satisfaction questionnaire. In the overall assessment of health behaviors (IZZ), an average score of 80.06 ± 13.81 points was obtained. In the PSS-10 questionnaire, the respondents obtained an average of 21.10 ± 5.89 points. There were significant, negative correlations between the results obtained in the health behavior inventory with the results obtained in the stress scale and positive correlations with the results obtained in the life satisfaction scale. Moreover, in the assessment of the influence of prohealth behavior parameters on perceived stress and life satisfaction, a positive effect of PMA on life satisfaction was demonstrated, as well as a protective effect of Positive Mental Attitude (PMA) and Prohealth Activities (PhA) in relation to stress. CONCLUSIONS Life in the period of the third wave of the pandemic was assessed by medical students as moderately satisfactory. Significant intensity of stress negatively correlated with life satisfaction. Health-promoting behaviors, and especially positive mental attitudes, seem to play a protective role in stressful situations and improve life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Badura-Brzoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 42-612 Tarnowskie Gory, Poland; (P.D.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-B.); (P.G.)
| | - Paweł Dębski
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 42-612 Tarnowskie Gory, Poland; (P.D.); (P.G.)
| | - Patryk Główczyński
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 42-612 Tarnowskie Gory, Poland; (P.D.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.-B.); (P.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Dębska-Janus
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Piotr Gorczyca
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 42-612 Tarnowskie Gory, Poland; (P.D.); (P.G.)
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Long Parma DA, Reynolds GL, Muñoz E, Ramirez AG. Effect of an anti-inflammatory dietary intervention on quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:5903-5910. [PMID: 35380268 PMCID: PMC10156067 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Behavioral interventions have been used with breast cancer survivors (BCS) in cancer pain management and post-treatment quality of life (QOL) studies. We studied the effects of an anti-inflammatory dietary intervention on QOL in BCS. METHODS One hundred fifty-three overweight and obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m2), early stage (0-III), English-speaking BCS who had completed all cancer treatment 2 or more months prior to enrollment were recruited into a two-arm randomized controlled trial with a 2 (group) by 3 (time) repeated measures design. Intervention components included six monthly food-preparation workshops and twelve motivational interviewing telephone calls. Endpoints included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and Breast Cancer (FACT-B), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Repeated measures analysis using PROC MIXED in SAS version 9.4 was used. RESULTS On repeated measures analysis (intent to treat), there were no differences between groups on any of the QOL outcomes except the PSS total scores. These were significantly different in the intervention group (IG; n = 76) compared to control group (CG; n = 77), showing a main effect of assignment but no effect of time and no interaction effects. CONCLUSION There was an impact on QOL as measured by the PSS between groups. The intervention reduced perceived stress at 6-month follow-up, but the effects dissipated by 12 months. Sources and stress and stress reduction should be a focus of future studies. Future research should also identify appropriate QOL measures that are sensitive to changes brought about by behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy A Long Parma
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Dr. Suite 1000, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Grace L Reynolds
- Department of Health Care Administration, Center for Behavioral Research and Services, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Edgar Muñoz
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Dr. Suite 1000, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Health Promotion Research, UT Health San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Dr. Suite 1000, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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An Assessment of Various Challenges Perceived by Dental Students amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Digital Questionnaire Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12020036. [PMID: 35200287 PMCID: PMC8869419 DOI: 10.3390/bs12020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to evaluate dental students’ perception of the challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic related to their clinical work, education, performance, online examinations, psychological health, and teamwork. A validated online questionnaire consisting of closed ended questions was sent to all the undergraduate dental students at our institute. Data were collected and analyzed statistically using a chi-square test to compare responses of male with female and junior with senior students. A total of 317 undergraduate dental students (N = 317) participated in this cross-sectional study. The most common challenges perceived by the participants were related to their exam duration (77.3%), patient availability (66.9%), difficulty in understanding online lectures (58.4%), and a fear of losing grades (57.4%). Participants reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their performance in the courses (75.4%), teamwork (72.2%), educational aspects (67.5%), and psychological health (51.1%). A significantly greater proportion of female students reported the adverse effects of COVID-19 on their psychological health than male students (p = 0.031). Senior students perceived the negative impact of COVID-19 on teamwork significantly more than the junior students (p = 0.004). The majority of students reported challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Female students and senior students perceived more challenges than their counterparts. Future studies from other institutes of this region are recommended to establish a clearer picture of COVID-19 related challenges faced by dental students.
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