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Chaiyamoon A, Boontem P, Samrid R, Cardona JJ, Khanthiyong B, Yurasakpong L, Iwanaga J, Tubbs RS. An anatomical study of the nasal foramina. Surg Radiol Anat 2024; 46:1495-1500. [PMID: 39073592 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The nasal foramen is located in the nasal bone and for vessels passage to supply the nasal area. This project aimed to establish reliable references for the nasal foramina for future clinical applications. METHODS The 72 dried skulls, 46 from the Division of Anatomy, University of Phayao, Thailand, and 26 from the Tulane University School of Medicine, USA, were collected and examined. The location, number, and sizes of nasal foramina were noted. The distances from each nasal foramen to the internasal suture, frontonasal suture, nasomaxillary suture, nasion, and rhinion were also recorded and used in the statistical analytical programs. RESULTS The most common type of nasal foramen in all skulls was type II (one external opening) at 65.97%, followed by type I (no foramen opening) at 20.83%, type III (two external openings) at 11.11% and type IV at 2.08% (three external openings). Nasal foramen subtypes in many of the Thai and American skulls were type IIb and type IIa. The diameter of a connecting nasal foramen was significantly larger than that of a non-connecting. Results from embalmed confirmed the passage of the external nasal artery through the nasal cavity. CONCLUSION The study shows no significant difference in nasal foramen morphometry between Thai and American. It illustrates recent data on type and subtype classifications and the location of a vascular passage through the nasal foramen. This is the first study of NF variations and their respective classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arada Chaiyamoon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piyakarn Boontem
- Division of Anatomy School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Rarinthorn Samrid
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Juan J Cardona
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Dispenza F, Lorusso F, Di Vincenzo SA, Dolce A, Immordino A, Gallina S, Maniaci A, Lechien JR, Calvo-Henriquez C, Saibene AM, Sireci F. Management of uncontrolled/recurrent epistaxis by ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery: a scoping review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08852-1. [PMID: 39069575 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The control of epistaxis has always posed a significant challenge for otolaryngologists. One of the most viable options to address refractory cases is the ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of these interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two independent otolaryngologists conducted a comprehensive search for studies dealing with management of uncontrolled/recurrent epistaxis by consulting the main scientific databases on the web, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The criteria for considering studies for the review were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and setting (PICOTS) framework. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, comprising a total of 454 patients. Among these, 289 individuals underwent ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, while 100 underwent cauterization of the same artery. Additionally, 56 patients underwent both ligation and cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery during the same surgery. The incidence of rebleeding and complications was respectively 12.1% (55/454) and 3% (14/454), resulting in relatively low rates in both cases. CONCLUSIONS Our review emphasizes the increasing importance of surgical approaches, specifically ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery, in addressing refractory cases. The low incidence of complications, predominantly temporary decreased lacrimation in patients undergoing ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, highlights the safety and feasibility of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dispenza
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Francesco Lorusso
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Salvatore Alberto Di Vincenzo
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Anita Dolce
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Angelo Immordino
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy.
- Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS) Study Group, Paris, France.
| | - Salvatore Gallina
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS) Study Group, Paris, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna "Kore", Enna, Italy
| | - Jerome Rene Lechien
- Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS) Study Group, Paris, France
- Division of Laryngology and Broncho-Esophagology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Mons, Belgium
- EpiCURA Hospital, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Christian Calvo-Henriquez
- Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS) Study Group, Paris, France
- Service of Otolaryngology, Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Maria Saibene
- Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS) Study Group, Paris, France
- Otolaryngology Unit, Santi Paolo E Carlo Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Sireci
- Otorhinolaringology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ''Paolo Giaccone'', University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, Palermo, 90127, Italy
- Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS) Study Group, Paris, France
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Demir M, Bahadir O, Çobanoğlu HB. Endoscopic Resection of Nasal Septal Chondroma. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01515. [PMID: 38709049 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondromas are benign cartilaginous tumors and rarely develop in the nasal septum. Although it causes different symptoms depending on the location and size of the tumor, the most common complaints are nasal obstruction and epistaxis. A submucosal mass narrowing the nasal passage can be seen in the septum by an endoscope. Computed tomography gives information about the localization and size of the mass. A definitive diagnosis is made by histopathologic examination. Treatment is surgical excision. Endoscopic surgery provides a less invasive and successful treatment. This case series aims to share that 2 cases with a diagnosis of nasal septal chondroma were successfully treated with endoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Demir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bayburt State Hospital, Bayburt
| | - Osman Bahadir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Hatice Bengü Çobanoğlu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Lorusso F, Di Vincenzo SA, Campofiorito V, Sireci F, Immordino A, Dispenza F. Tonsillar Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV Positive Patient with Syphilis Infection. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2024; 36:437-441. [PMID: 38476564 PMCID: PMC10925962 DOI: 10.22038/ijorl.2024.72743.3463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Since the introduction of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), there has been a significant increase in the survival of HIV-infected patients. Consequently, there has been increased attention on the potential neoplastic pathologies, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, associated with AIDS in these individuals. Case Report In this case report we present, for the first time, a patient affected by Kaposi's sarcoma of the palatine tonsil with a concomitant syphilis infection. The patient underwent enlarged tonsillectomy and continued antiretroviral therapy. There were no signs of disease recurrence at a 12-month follow-up. Conclusions Despite the rarity of tonsillar localization of Kaposi's sarcoma, it should be suspected in the presence of an HIV-infected patient. Tonsillectomy effectively controls local disease, but comprehensive patient management requires a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, including infectious disease specialists, pathologists, and oncologists who work together to provide high-quality and coordinated care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lorusso
- Otorhinolaryngology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Alberto Di Vincenzo
- Otorhinolaryngology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Campofiorito
- Otorhinolaryngology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federico Sireci
- Otorhinolaryngology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Immordino
- Otorhinolaryngology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dispenza
- Otorhinolaryngology Section, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro, 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Alsaleh S, Alharbi T. Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 115:109229. [PMID: 38211555 PMCID: PMC10788786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pleomorphic adenomas are benign salivary gland tumors with epithelial, myxoid, and mucoid components. They rarely occur in the upper respiratory tract where the predominant site is the nasal septum, leading to symptoms of nasal obstruction. Identifying these tumors requires histopathological examination, and they are usually managed surgically. PRESENTATION OF CASE A middle-aged lady presented to the outpatient otorhinolaryngology clinic with symptoms of unilateral nasal obstruction. Nasal endoscopy in the clinic revealed a right-sided anterior nasal septal vascular mass, which was confirmed with a contrast-enhanced CT scan with suspicion of septal hemangioma. Surgical examination and endoscopic removal of the septal mass were carried out under anesthesia, and histopathology of the specimen showed predominant myoepithelial cellularity with scanty stroma, consistent with a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. The patient had an uneventful post-operative stay and follow-up with no recurrence. DISCUSSION Nasal cavity pleomorphic adenomas are important to identify and treat, as they can recur and potentially turn malignant. Endoscopic endonasal surgery is emerging as the treatment of choice for these adenomas, as it is associated with minimal morbidity and cosmetic impact. CONCLUSION We report a rare case of nasal septal pleomorphic adenoma in a middle-aged female, which was successfully treated with endoscopic endonasal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alsaleh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Baba A, Matsushima S, Kessoku H, Omura K, Kurokawa R, Fukasawa N, Takeshita Y, Yamauchi H, Ogino N, Kayama R, Uchihara K, Yoshimatsu L, Ojiri H. Radiological features of thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma: case series and systematic review. Neuroradiology 2024; 66:249-259. [PMID: 38103083 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-023-03254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To comprehensively summarize the clinical data and CT/MRI characteristics of thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (TL-LGNPPA). METHODS Twenty-seven lesions from 25 study articles identified through a systematic review and three lesions from our institution associated with TL-LGNPPA were evaluated. RESULTS The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 35.7 years, and the male-to-female ratio was nearly half. The chief complaint was nasal obstruction, followed by epistaxis. All patients underwent excision. None of the patients had neck nodes or distant metastases. All patients survived with no locoregional/distant recurrence during 3-93 months of follow-up. All lesions were located at the posterior edge of the nasal septum, attached to the nasopharyngeal parietal wall, and showed no laterality. The mean lesion diameter was 1.7 cm. The margins of lesions were well-defined and lobulated, followed by well-defined smooth margins. None of lesions were associated with parapharyngeal space or skull base destruction. All lesions were iso- and low-density on non-contrast CT. Adjacent skull base sclerosis was detected in 63.6% of lesions. High signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging and mostly iso-signal intensity on T1-weighted imaging compared to muscle tissue. Most lesions were heterogeneous and exhibited moderate contrast enhancement. Relatively large lesions (≥1.4 cm) tended to be more lobulated than smooth margins compared to relatively small lesions (<1.4 cm) (p = 0.016). CONCLUSION We summarized the clinical and radiological features of TL-LGNPPA to facilitate accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Baba
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Matsushima
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kessoku
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Omura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Nei Fukasawa
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takeshita
- Department of Radiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hideomi Yamauchi
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ogino
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Reina Kayama
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kimiyuki Uchihara
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Lynn Yoshimatsu
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroya Ojiri
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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Chai C, Feng X, Li K, Yan Z, Tan S, Weng J, Huang F, Huang J, Zhu X, Zhuo X, Chen H. Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma with facial paralysis as a novel manifestation: a case report and literature review. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:428. [PMID: 38042771 PMCID: PMC10693057 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy, with only a few reported cases worldwide. Although it exhibits multiple symptoms, facial paralysis has not been previously documented as a noticeable presentation. CASE PRESENTATION In this case, we report a 40-year-old male who presented with facial numbness and pain for one month, weakness of his facial muscles for 15 days, and recurrent right epistaxis for 1 year. He had a history of nasal inflammatory polyps with chronic sinusitis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed space-occupying lesions in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus, with bone destruction occurring in the sinus wall and turbinate. This patient then underwent endoscopic surgery. According to the histopathological and immunohistochemical results, he was eventually diagnosed with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma in April 2021. To date, this patient has not initiated any radiotherapy or chemotherapy and has survived with lymphatic metastasis for at least 3 years. CONCLUSIONS This manuscript suggests that paranasal sinus angiosarcoma can present with facial paralysis. Moreover, pathological and immunohistochemical tests are still vital for diagnosing paranasal sinus angiosarcoma and differential diagnosis. Additionally, regular follow-up is crucial for patients with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma, enabling monitoring of recurrence, metastasis, and recovery while contributing valuable clinical data to understanding this rare disease and associated research endeavours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Chai
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 12, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Xiaocong Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Kai Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 12, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Zhaoxian Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Shuyi Tan
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Airport Road 12, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Jin Weng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Fan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Room No. ST512, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jianpeng Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xinru Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xuehui Zhuo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Hai Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
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Hirakawa H, Ikegami T, Touyama M, Ooshiro Y, Higa T, Higa T, Agena S, Kinjyo H, Kondo S, Kise N, Tanaka K, Maeda H, Tamaki T, Wada N, Suzuki M. p16 Overexpression in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Association with Human Papillomavirus and Prediction of Survival Outcomes. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6861. [PMID: 37959327 PMCID: PMC10650892 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
p16 overexpression is often used as a surrogate marker for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma but remains an uncertain diagnostic tool for HPV-related sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC). Our study involved 79 consecutive SNSCC patients who were treated at a tertiary referral university hospital during 2006-2021. We retrospectively examined their clinical characteristics and conducted p16 immunohistochemistry and HPV detection. We found that 12.7% of the patients exhibited p16 overexpression, which was significantly more common in the nasal cavity and increased from 2015 onward. The HPV was a high-risk type and viral loads ranged from 4.2 to 1.6 × 106 copies/ng DNA with genome integration. Five-year overall survival (OS) and five-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 74.6% and 69.9%, respectively. Our multivariate analysis showed that T category (T1-4a) and hemoglobin levels (≥13.7) were significant favorable prognostic factors for OS, while T category, performance status, and p16 overexpression were significantly associated with RFS. In patients with p16 overexpression, OS was 100% and RFS was 90%. Our findings suggest that p16 overexpression is a reliable surrogate marker for transcriptionally active HPV infection and predicts a favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Hirakawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Taro Ikegami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Masatomo Touyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Yurika Ooshiro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Tomoyo Higa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Teruyuki Higa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Shinya Agena
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Hidetoshi Kinjyo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Shunsuke Kondo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Norimoto Kise
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Hiroyuki Maeda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Tomoko Tamaki
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan (N.W.)
| | - Naoki Wada
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan (N.W.)
| | - Mikio Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan; (H.H.); (T.I.); (M.T.); (T.H.)
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Iwata S, Kitazawa R, Kitazawa S, Hato N. Glomangiopericytoma with CTNNB1 mutation. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e256787. [PMID: 37723085 PMCID: PMC10510870 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomangiopericytoma (GPC) is a rare tumour, accounting <0.5% of all nasal cavity tumours. It is classified as borderline malignant to indolent and is associated with perivascular myeloid cells. We report a case of GPC in a woman in her 80s who presented with nasal obstruction. The tumour originated from the nasal septum and was resected via endoscopic sinus surgery. Histopathological examination revealed dense spindle-shaped to oval-shaped mesenchymal cells forming tumour nodules with staghorn-like vessel formation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumour cells were positive for α-smooth muscle actin, CD34, β-catenin and cyclin D1, whereas they were negative for STAT6. The percentage of Ki-67-positive cells was approximately 2%. Recent studies have demonstrated a high frequency of β-catenin (CTNNB1) mutations in GPC. We report a case of GPC where identifying CTNNB1 mutations (c.94G>C, p.D32H) was crucial for establishing a definitive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Iwata
- Otolaryngology, Ehime Prefectural Niihama Hospital, Niihama, Japan
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Molecular Pathology, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Sohei Kitazawa
- Molecular Pathology, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Naohito Hato
- Otolaryngology, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
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10
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Franco H, Slee N. Pyogenic granuloma of the epiglottis: a common lesion in a rare site. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e253199. [PMID: 37221003 PMCID: PMC10230896 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-253199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyogenic granulomas are benign vascular lesions occurring on skin and mucous membranes, most commonly in the oral cavity.A case report of a woman in her 80s who presented with one episode of haemoptysis, secondary to an atypical epiglottic lesion is discussed. The patient denied associated symptoms, such as dyspnoea, dysphasia or recent weight loss. Flexible nasendoscopy and CT scan confirmed a highly vascular pedunculated mass on the left laryngeal surface of the epiglottis. The lesion was completely excised and there was no sign of recurrence after a 12-month follow-up.This case report represents the fourth documented case of a pyogenic granuloma arising from the epiglottis, resulting in haemoptysis. While rare, there is a significant risk of airway compromise from haemorrhage, which is refractory to pressure and may be difficult to control at this site. Surgery is required to completely excise the lesion and prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Franco
- Department of Global Medicine and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Mater Misericordiae Ltd Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Slee
- Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Mater Misericordiae Ltd Brisbane, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Chen L, Chau WY, Yuen HT, Liu XH, Qi RZ, Lung ML, Lung HL. THY1 (CD90) Maintains the Adherens Junctions in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via Inhibition of SRC Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072189. [PMID: 37046850 PMCID: PMC10093038 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We had previously shown that THY1 (CD90) is a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and that its down-regulation and loss of expression are associated with tumor metastasis, yet the mechanism leading to such effects remains unknown. In this study we show that tumor invasion could be suppressed by THY1 via adherens junction formation in a few NPC cell lines, and knockdown of THY1 would disrupt this cell-cell adhesion phenotype. Mechanistically, the activity of the SRC family kinase (SFK) member, SRC, and canonical Wnt signaling were dramatically reduced when THY1 was constitutively expressed. Previous studies by others have found that high levels of SRC activity in NPCs are associated with EMT and a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that THY1 can suppress tumor invasion in NPC via inhibition of SRC. By gene silencing of SRC, we found that the in vitro NPC cell invasion was significantly reduced and adherens junctions were restored. Through proteomic analysis, we identified that platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGF-Rβ) and protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) are novel and potential binding partners of THY1, which were subsequently verified by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) analysis. The ligand of PDGF-Rβ (PDGF-BB) could highly induce SRC activation and NPC cell invasion, which could be almost completely suppressed by THY1 expression. On the other hand, the PTPN22 siRNA could enhance both the SRC activities and the cell invasion and could also disrupt the adherens junctions in the THY1-expressing NPC cells; the original THY1-induced phenotypes were reverted when the PTPN22 expression was reduced. Together, our results identified that PTPN22 is essential for THY1 to suppress cell invasion and SRC activity, maintain tight adherens junctions, and prevent NPC metastasis. These results suggested that PDGF-Rβ and SRC can be used as drug targets for suppressing NPC metastasis. Indeed, our in vivo assay using the SRC inhibitor KX2-391, clearly showed that inhibition of SRC signaling can prevent the metastasis of NPC, indicating that targeting SRC can be a promising approach to control the NPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wai Yin Chau
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hei Tung Yuen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiao Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Robert Zhong Qi
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511400, China
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hong Lok Lung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Albesher MB, Alharbi MH, Alsumairi MB, Hussein NM. Nasal lobular capillary hemangioma: Report of a case managed by endoscopic excision and pre-operative angio-embolization. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 102:107866. [PMID: 36608636 PMCID: PMC9829804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lobular capillary hemangiomas are fast-growing benign vascular lesions with distinctive histopathological characteristics. The head and neck region is a common location for lobular capillary hemangiomas. However, the presence of such lesions in the nasal cavity is rare. Although several contributing factors have been identified in literature, the exact pathophysiology is not yet well understood. Predisposing factors include nasal trauma, pregnancy, and the use of contraceptive pills. Thus, the disease is more prevalent in females, with variable peak incidence in pediatric patients. Unilateral nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis are the most common symptoms of nasal lobular capillary hemangiomas. Radiological evaluation using contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging is often required for large lesions. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 30-year old female who presented to ENT clinics with two month complaint of left-sided nasal obstruction and epistaxis with left facial pain and headache. She had no predisposing risk factors. Imaging with CT and MRI revealed a large hypervascular mass in left nasal cavity. Surgical excision preceded by pre-operative embolization was done. DISCUSSION Endoscopic endonasal excision is the standard of treatment. While some authors believe that pre-operative embolization is not required, others advocate its use. Based on literature, recurrence rate is variable. CONCLUSION We believe that use of pre-operative embolization for large nasal lobular capillary hemangioma would have an impact on perioperative morbidity.
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Quantitative Spatial Characterization of Lymph Node Tumor for N Stage Improvement of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010230. [PMID: 36612236 PMCID: PMC9818273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the feasibility of improving the prognosis stratification of the N staging system of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) from quantitative spatial characterizations of metastatic lymph node (LN) for NPC in a multi-institutional setting. A total of 194 and 284 NPC patients were included from two local hospitals as the discovery and validation cohort. Spatial relationships between LN and the surrounding organs were quantified by both distance and angle histograms, followed by principal component analysis. Independent prognostic factors were identified and combined with the N stage into a new prognostic index by univariate and multivariate Cox regressions on disease-free survival (DFS). The new three-class risk stratification based on the constructed prognostic index demonstrated superior cross-institutional performance in DFS. The hazard ratios of the high-risk to low-risk group were 9.07 (p < 0.001) and 4.02 (p < 0.001) on training and validation, respectively, compared with 5.19 (p < 0.001) and 1.82 (p = 0.171) of N3 to N1. Our spatial characterizations of lymph node tumor anatomy improved the existing N-stage in NPC prognosis. Our quantitative approach may facilitate the discovery of new anatomical characteristics to improve patient staging in other diseases.
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