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Hartmann T, Passauer J, Hartmann J, Schmidberger L, Kneilling M, Volc S. Basic principles of artificial intelligence in dermatology explained using melanoma. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:339-347. [PMID: 38361141 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to establish itself in the most diverse areas of medicine at an increasingly fast pace. Nevertheless, many healthcare professionals lack the basic technical understanding of how this technology works, which severely limits its application in clinical settings and research. Thus, we would like to discuss the functioning and classification of AI using melanoma as an example in this review to build an understanding of the technology behind AI. For this purpose, elaborate illustrations are used that quickly reveal the technology involved. Previous reviews tend to focus on the potential applications of AI, thereby missing the opportunity to develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter that is so important for clinical application. Malignant melanoma has become a significant burden for healthcare systems. If discovered early, a better prognosis can be expected, which is why skin cancer screening has become increasingly popular and is supported by health insurance. The number of experts remains finite, reducing their availability and leading to longer waiting times. Therefore, innovative ideas need to be implemented to provide the necessary care. Thus, machine learning offers the ability to recognize melanomas from images at a level comparable to experienced dermatologists under optimized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Passauer
- Department of Dermatology, University hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Laura Schmidberger
- Department of Dermatology, University hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Department of Dermatology, University hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Volc
- Department of Dermatology, University hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Hartmann T, Passauer J, Hartmann J, Schmidberger L, Kneilling M, Volc S. Grundprinzipien der künstlichen Intelligenz in der Dermatologie erklärt am Beispiel des Melanoms. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:339-349. [PMID: 38450927 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15322_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) setzt sich in den verschiedensten Bereichen der Medizin immer schneller durch. Dennoch fehlt vielen medizinischen Kollegen das technische Grundverständnis für die Funktionsweise dieser Technologie, was ihre Anwendung in Klinik und Forschung stark einschränkt. Daher möchten wir in dieser Übersichtsarbeit die Funktionsweise und Klassifizierung der KI am Beispiel des Melanoms erörtern, um ein Verständnis für die Technologie hinter der KI zu schaffen. Dazu werden ausführliche Illustrationen verwendet, die die Technologie schnell erklären. Bisherige Übersichten konzentrieren sich eher auf die potenziellen Anwendungen der KI und verpassen die Gelegenheit, ein tieferes Verständnis für die Materie herauszuarbeiten, das für die klinische Anwendung so wichtig ist. Das maligne Melanom ist zu einer erheblichen Belastung für die Gesundheitssysteme geworden. Bei frühzeitiger Entdeckung ist eine bessere Prognose zu erwarten, weshalb das Hautkrebs‐Screening immer populärer und von den Krankenkassen unterstützt wird. Die Zahl der Fachärzte ist jedoch begrenzt, was ihre Verfügbarkeit einschränkt und zu längeren Wartezeiten führt. Daher müssen innovative Ideen umgesetzt werden, um die notwendige Versorgung zu gewährleisten. Das maschinelle Lernen bietet die Möglichkeit, Melanome auf Bildern zu erkennen, und zwar auf einem Niveau, das mit dem von erfahrenen Dermatologen – unter optimierten Bedingungen – vergleichbar ist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hartmann
- Hautklinik, Universitätsklinik, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen
| | - Johannes Passauer
- Hautklinik, Universitätsklinik, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen
| | | | | | - Manfred Kneilling
- Hautklinik, Universitätsklinik, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen
| | - Sebastian Volc
- Hautklinik, Universitätsklinik, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen
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3
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Nikolakis G, Vaiopoulos AG, Georgopoulos I, Papakonstantinou E, Gaitanis G, Zouboulis CC. Insights, Advantages, and Barriers of Teledermatology vs. Face-to-Face Dermatology for the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:578. [PMID: 38339329 PMCID: PMC10854718 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teledermatology is employed in the diagnosis and follow-up of skin cancer and its use was intensified during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, demographic changes result in an overall increase in non-melanoma skin cancer and skin precancerous lesions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of teledermatology in comparison to conventional face-to-face dermatology for such lesions and determine the advantages and limitations of this workflow for patients and physicians. METHODS Research was performed using relevant keywords in MEDLINE and CENTRAL. Relevant articles were chosen following a predetermined standardized extraction form. RESULTS Diagnostic accuracy and interrater/intrarater agreement can be considered comparable-although lower-than in-person consultation. Improvement of particular features such as image quality, medical history availability, and teledermoscopy can further increase accuracy. Further aspects of limitations and advantages (mean time-to-assessment, time-to-treatment, cost-effectiveness) are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Teledermatology has comparable diagnostic accuracy with face-to-face dermatology and can be utilized both for the effective triage of non-melanocytic epithelial tumors and precancerous lesions, as well as the follow-up. Easy access to dermatologic consultation with shorter mean times to diagnostic biopsy and/or treatment coupled with cost-effectiveness could compensate for the lower sensitivity of teledermatology and offer easier access to medical care to the affected populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Nikolakis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Staedtisches Klinikum Dessau, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany;
- Docandu Ltd., London Ν8 0ES, UK;
| | - Aristeidis G. Vaiopoulos
- Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, “Attikon” University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Georgopoulos
- Docandu Ltd., London Ν8 0ES, UK;
- Surgical Department, “Agia Sofia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Gaitanis
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Staedtisches Klinikum Dessau, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany;
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4
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Hwang JK, Del Toro NP, Han G, Oh DH, Tejasvi T, Lipner SR. Review of Teledermatology: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024; 25:5-14. [PMID: 38062339 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Utilization of telemedicine for dermatology has greatly expanded since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 500 new teledermatology studies published since 2020. An updated review on teledermatology is necessary to incorporate new findings and perspectives, and educate dermatologists on effective utilization. We discuss teledermatology in terms of diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes, patient and physician satisfaction, considerations for special patient populations, published practice guidelines, cost effectiveness and efficiency, as well as administrative regulations and policies. Our findings emphasize the need for dermatologist education, prioritization of reliable reimbursement systems, and technological innovations to support the continued development of teledermatology in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Natalia Pelet Del Toro
- Department of Dermatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 1991 Marcus Ave, New Hyde Park, NY, 11042, USA
| | - George Han
- Department of Dermatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 1991 Marcus Ave, New Hyde Park, NY, 11042, USA
| | - Dennis H Oh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medicine, 1910 Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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Carr CL, Alame A, Chong BF, Mauskar M, Metzger J, Neal C, Reisch JS, Dominguez AR. Implementation and evaluation of a store-and-forward teledermatology workflow in a United States safety-net hospital urgent care emergency center: A retrospective cohort study. JAAD Int 2023; 12:112-120. [PMID: 37409319 PMCID: PMC10319336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdin.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Teledermatology (TD) is an important method for increasing access to care in outpatient settings. However, less is known regarding its use in emergency/urgent care centers. Objective To evaluate the effect of TD on urgent care emergency center (UCEC) dwell time and postencounter utilization. Study type and methods This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients in a safety-net hospital (Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas, USA) UCEC, who (1) received a TD consult in 2018, (2) were referred to dermatology clinic in 2017, or (3) were referred to dermatology clinic in 2018 without a TD consult. Results We evaluated 2024 patients from 2017 to 2018. Of the 973 referred to dermatology clinic in 2018, 332 (34%) received TD consultations. Mean dwell time for patients receiving TD was longer versus the 2017 cohort (303 vs 204 minutes, respectively). Patients receiving TD consultation with inflammatory skin conditions had lower odds of dermatology clinic visits compared with those that did not (odds ratio, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.8). Teledermatology was not associated with differences in repeat UCEC utilization. Limitations Single institution study and inability to account for differences in patient complexity. Conclusion TD increases dwell time in a safety-net hospital's UCEC but can reduce dermatology clinic utilization for patients with inflammatory skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian L. Carr
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Aya Alame
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Benjamin F. Chong
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Melissa Mauskar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jeffery Metzger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Catherine Neal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Texas Health Resources, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Joan S. Reisch
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Arturo R. Dominguez
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Cantisani C, Rega F, Ambrosio L, Grieco T, Kiss N, Meznerics FA, Bánvölgyi A, Vespasiani G, Arienzo F, Rossi G, Soda G, Pellacani G. Syphilis, the Great Imitator-Clinical and Dermoscopic Features of a Rare Presentation of Secondary Syphilis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1339. [PMID: 36674095 PMCID: PMC9859468 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Syphilis is characterized by a wide range of variable clinical symptoms; therefore, it is often referred to as "The Great Imitator". Here, we report the case of a 69-year-old hepatitis-C-positive MSM patient, who was admitted to our clinic due to a solitary firm painless erythematous maculopapular lesion with a central crater-like crust on the upper right thigh that occurred two months prior. The dermoscopy showed an erythematous, copper-colored, oval lesion with diffuse monomorphic dotted and glomerular vessels, central crust, and circular scaling (Biett's sign). The histological findings ruled out neoplasia and described a plasma cell infiltrate and endothelial swelling. Finally, the combination of the dermoscopic image, histological findings and the additionally acquired knowledge about the sexual history of the patient at the second visit led to the diagnosis, which was then confirmed with serological tests. Dermoscopy may become a supportive tool to facilitate the recognition of secondary syphilis; however, the reporting of these atypical cases is crucial to highlight the many faces of the disease so that clinicians consider syphilis as part of the differential diagnosis of non-specific lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cantisani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Rega
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosio
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Grieco
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Norbert Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereoslogy and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Adél Meznerics
- Department of Dermatology, Venereoslogy and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereoslogy and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giordano Vespasiani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Arienzo
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Soda
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiologic Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza Medical School” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Ruggiero A, Martora F, Fabbrocini G, Villani A, Marasca C, Megna M, Fornaro L, Comune R, Potestio L. The Role of Teledermatology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:2785-2793. [PMID: 36569420 PMCID: PMC9783831 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s377029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Teledermatology represented one of the most important and useful tools during the COVID-19 pandemic era. Indeed, due to the severe restriction, and to reduce the spread of the infection, different measures were applied among different countries and hospitals to ensure a continuity of care for patients. In this scenario, teledermatology played a central role, especially in the management of patients suffering from chronic inflammatory skin diseases. The aim of this narrative review is to describe the role of teledermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic to analyze main strengths and limitations of this tool, as well as to provide future perspectives in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Correspondence: Angelo Ruggiero, Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, Naples, 80131, Italy, Tel +39 - 081 - 7462457, Fax +39 - 081 - 7462442, Email
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Villani
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Marasca
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Fornaro
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosita Comune
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cantisani C, Ambrosio L, Cucchi C, Meznerics FA, Kiss N, Bánvölgyi A, Rega F, Grignaffini F, Barbuto F, Frezza F, Pellacani G. Melanoma Detection by Non-Specialists: An Untapped Potential for Triage? Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112821. [PMID: 36428881 PMCID: PMC9689879 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of melanoma increased considerably in recent decades, representing a significant public health problem. We aimed to evaluate the ability of non-specialists for the preliminary screening of skin lesions to identify melanoma-suspect lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A medical student and a dermatologist specialist examined the total body scans of 50 patients. RESULTS The agreement between the expert and the non-specialist was 87.75% (κ = 0.65) regarding the assessment of clinical significance. The four parameters of the ABCD rule were evaluated on the 129 lesions rated as clinically significant by both observers. Asymmetry was evaluated similarly in 79.9% (κ = 0.59), irregular borders in 74.4% (κ = 0.50), color in 81.4% (κ = 0.57), and diameter in 89.9% (κ = 0.77) of the cases. The concordance of the two groups was 96.9% (κ = 0.83) in the case of the detection of the Ugly Duckling Sign. CONCLUSIONS Although the involvement of GPs is part of routine care worldwide, emphasizing the importance of educating medical students and general practitioners is crucial, as many European countries lack structured melanoma screening training programs targeting non-dermatologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cantisani
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza Medical School, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosio
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza Medical School, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Cucchi
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza Medical School, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fanni Adél Meznerics
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Federica Rega
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza Medical School, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Grignaffini
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barbuto
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Frezza
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza Medical School, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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