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Rodríguez-Pérez MP, Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres M, Rodríguez-Ledo P, Fernández-Gómez G, García-Bravo C, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R, Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza P. Post-COVID-19 Condition: How Sociodemographic Factors, Physical Well-Being and Functionality Influence Quality of Life and Mental Health Symptoms. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1551. [PMID: 39120254 PMCID: PMC11312060 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long COVID-19 syndrome remains a global public health problem, with more than 145 million people affected with multisystemic symptoms. Addressing the requirements of individuals impacted by a syndrome characterised by a complex and variable clinical presentation is of utmost importance. Identifying the variables that can exert influence and understanding their progression is essential for directing treatment strategies aimed at enhancing both independence and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables on existence and their relationship with asthenia, anxiety symptoms and low mood. METHODS An analytical study secondary to an observational cross-sectional descriptive study. RESULTS Logistic regression showed significant univariate effects on asthenia [sex (p = 0.034); age (p = 0.042); Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire [ADQL (p = 0.002)] [physical functioning (p < 0.001) and general health (p = 0.014)] and multivariate [sex (p = 0.019), adult age (p = 0.01) and physical functioning (p = 0.04)]]; low mood [time of evolution (p = 0.028) and multivariate [time course (p = 0.007), ADLQ (p = 0.011), role physical (p = 0.013) and general health (p = 0.001)]] and anxiety [physical functioning (p = 0.046) and multivariate [physical functioning (p = 0.034), age (p = 0.011), time of evolution (p = 0.001) and ADQL (p = 0.011)]]. CONCLUSIONS Increased age, gender and longer evolution time seem to favour the prevalence and occurrence of mental health symptoms; greater independence and good physical functioning are protective factors with respect to the occurrence of mental health-related symptoms in patients affected by post-COVID-19 condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mᵃ Pilar Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (G.F.-G.); (C.G.-B.); (R.C.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-H.-B.)
- Research Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability (TO + IDI), Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Marta Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (G.F.-G.); (C.G.-B.); (R.C.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-H.-B.)
- Research Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability (TO + IDI), Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Pilar Rodríguez-Ledo
- Long COVID Working Group of the Spanish Society of General and Family Physicians (SEMG), Spanish Society of General Practitioners and Family Doctors (SEMG), Spanish Research Network on Long COVID (REiCOP), Management of the Health Area of Lugo, A Mariña and Monforte de Lemos, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Gemma Fernández-Gómez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (G.F.-G.); (C.G.-B.); (R.C.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-H.-B.)
- Research Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability (TO + IDI), Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Bravo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (G.F.-G.); (C.G.-B.); (R.C.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-H.-B.)
- Research Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability (TO + IDI), Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Roberto Cano-de-la-Cuerda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (G.F.-G.); (C.G.-B.); (R.C.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-H.-B.)
- Research Group, Motion Analysis, Biomechanics, Ergonomy and Motor Control Laboratory (LAMBECOM), Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (G.F.-G.); (C.G.-B.); (R.C.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-H.-B.)
- Research Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability (TO + IDI), Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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Food Intake Changes and Their Impact on Quality of Life in Spanish Citizens with and without COVID-19 during Lockdown. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081414. [PMID: 36011072 PMCID: PMC9408131 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pervasive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is just beginning to be analyzed. To date, only a handful of these studies have investigated the relationship between an individual’s quality of life (QoL) and their changes in food intake due to the virus (from the associated symptomatology of diagnosis to the universal impact of lockdown on individual lives, regardless of a person’s health status). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify changes in food intake resulting from the pandemic and the corresponding impact on QoL in the Spanish population. This study focuses its investigation on the 3-month time period within which lockdown was its most restrictive, March−May 2020. Survey questions ask participants to compare their eating habits, general health status, and QoL during these 3 months to times prior to the pandemic. We conducted an online survey amongst the Spanish population over 18 years old. Three surveys were administered: (1) the adult eating behavior questionnaire (EABQ), (2) EuroQoL-5D-5L, and (3) The determinants lifestyle changes during lockdown period (March to May 2020). A total of 86 participants were included, with a mean age of 34 years. In the analysis of QoL, significant differences were found according to age, sex, and the presence of a COVID-19 diagnosis. Likewise, in the analysis of food intake, significant differences were found by age (greater changes in the 18−29-years-old population) (p< 0.01) and by sex (women p < 0.03), as well as greater changes in those with a diagnosis of COVID-19. Furthermore, both food intake and COVID-19 diagnosis were variables that predicted QoL outcomes. In sum, forced home lockdown can cause changes in food intake, which can predict a lower QoL. It follows that the lockdown situation caused by the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has affected the food intake and overall QoL of the Spanish population.
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