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Jensen EEB, Sedor V, Eshun E, Njage P, Otani S, Aarestrup FM. The resistomes of rural and urban pigs and poultry in Ghana. mSystems 2023; 8:e0062923. [PMID: 37737585 PMCID: PMC10654090 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00629-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the resistomes that are measured using metagenomics in livestock from Sub-Saharan Africa. We find notable differences in the microbiomes between both pigs and poultry, and those also varied markedly compared to similar samples from Europe. However, for both animal species, the same bacterial taxa drove such differences. In pigs and urban free-range poultry, we find a very low abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), whereas rural free-range poultry displayed similarity to the European average, and industrialized poultry exhibited higher levels. These findings show how different African livestock bacterial communities and resistomes are from their European counterparts. They also underscore the importance of continued surveillance and investigation into antimicrobial resistance across diverse ecosystems, contributing significantly to global efforts toward combating the threat of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Sedor
- Veterinary Services Department, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, National Food Safety Laboratory, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Eshun
- Veterinary Services Department, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, National Food Safety Laboratory, Accra, Ghana
| | - Patrick Njage
- Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Denmark
| | - Saria Otani
- Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Denmark
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Seijas-Pereda L, Rescalvo-Casas C, Hernando-Gozalo M, Angmorkie-Eshun V, Agyei E, Adu-Gyamfi V, Sarsah I, Alfonso-Romero M, Cuadros-González J, Soliveri-de Carranza J, Pérez-Tanoira R. The Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Rates of Enterobacterales in a Rural Hospital from the Eastern Region, Ghana: A Retrospective Study, 2022. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1321. [PMID: 37627741 PMCID: PMC10451727 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate burden of antimicrobial resistance and often lack adequate surveillance due to a paucity of microbiological studies. In this 2022 study, our goal was to contribute to a more precise antimicrobial treatment by understanding the prevalence of resistance in a rural environment, promoting antibiotic stewardship, and raising awareness about antimicrobial resistance. We assessed the prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Enterobacterales in clinical samples from 2905 patients being treated at Saint Dominic's Hospital, Akwatia, in the countryside of the Eastern Region, Ghana, in the year 2022. To this purpose, the samples were cultured on agar plates prepared in the laboratory using purified Oxoid™ Thermo Scientific™ agar (Thermo Fisher Scientific; Waltham, MA, USA). Cystine Lactose Electrolyte-Deficient (CLED) agar was used for urine samples, while blood agar, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar were used for the rest of the specimens tested (HVS, blood, BFA, sputum). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined on site using the disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test). MDR bacteria accounted for more than half (53.7%) of all microorganisms tested for three or more antibiotics and 37.3% of these were XDR. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with acquiring MDR/XDR bacteria. The results showed an increased likelihood of MDR acquisition linked to being male (OR 2.39, p < 0.001 for MDR and OR 1.95, p = 0.027 for XDR), higher age (OR 1.01, p = 0.049 for MDR), non-sputum samples (OR 0.32, p = 0.009 for MDR), and urine samples (OR 7.46, p < 0.001 for XDR). These findings emphasize the urgency for surveillance and control of antimicrobial resistance; to this end, making accurate diagnostics, studying the microorganism in question, and conducting susceptibility testing is of the utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Seijas-Pereda
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-C.); (J.C.-G.); (J.S.-d.C.)
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carlos Rescalvo-Casas
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-C.); (J.C.-G.); (J.S.-d.C.)
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marcos Hernando-Gozalo
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vida Angmorkie-Eshun
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Saint Dominic’s Hospital, Akwatia P.O. Box 59, Ghana; (V.A.-E.); (E.A.); (V.A.-G.); (I.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Eunice Agyei
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Saint Dominic’s Hospital, Akwatia P.O. Box 59, Ghana; (V.A.-E.); (E.A.); (V.A.-G.); (I.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Vivian Adu-Gyamfi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Saint Dominic’s Hospital, Akwatia P.O. Box 59, Ghana; (V.A.-E.); (E.A.); (V.A.-G.); (I.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Isaac Sarsah
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Saint Dominic’s Hospital, Akwatia P.O. Box 59, Ghana; (V.A.-E.); (E.A.); (V.A.-G.); (I.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Maite Alfonso-Romero
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Saint Dominic’s Hospital, Akwatia P.O. Box 59, Ghana; (V.A.-E.); (E.A.); (V.A.-G.); (I.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Juan Cuadros-González
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-C.); (J.C.-G.); (J.S.-d.C.)
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan Soliveri-de Carranza
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-C.); (J.C.-G.); (J.S.-d.C.)
| | - Ramón Pérez-Tanoira
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-C.); (J.C.-G.); (J.S.-d.C.)
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
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Shafiq M, Yao F, Bilal H, Rahman SU, Zeng M, Ali I, Zeng Y, Li X, Yuan Y, Jiao X. Synergistic Activity of Tetrandrine and Colistin against mcr-1-Harboring Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1346. [PMID: 36290004 PMCID: PMC9598752 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Before the emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance, colistin was once considered the last drug of choice for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Currently, researchers are relentlessly exploring possible alternative therapies that could efficiently curb the spread of drug resistance. In this study, we aim to investigate the synergistic antibacterial activity of tetrandrine in combination with colistin against mcr-1-harboring Escherichia coli. We examined the antibacterial activity of tetrandrine in combination with colistin in vivo and in vitro and examined the bacterial cells by fluorescence, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to explore their underlying mechanism of action. We further performed a computational analysis of MCR-1 protein and tetrandrine to determine the interaction interface of these two molecules. We confirmed that neither colistin nor tetrandrine could, on their own, inhibit the growth of mcr-1-positive E. coli. However, in combination, tetrandrine synergistically enhanced colistin activity to inhibit the growth of E. coli both in vivo and in vitro. Similarly, molecular docking showed that tetrandrine interacted with the three crucial amino acids of the MCR-1 protein in the active site, which might inhibit MCR-1 from binding to its substrates, cause MCR-1 to lose its ability to confer resistance. This study confirmed that tetrandrine and colistin have the ability to synergistically overcome the issue of colistin resistance in mcr-1-harboring E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hazrat Bilal
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ilyas Ali
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yuebin Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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