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Zahumenska R, Badurova B, Pavelek M, Sojka P, Pavlisova T, Spanik P, Sivonova MK, Novakova S, Strnadel J, Halasova E, Frivaldsky M, Skovierova H. Comparison of pulsed and continuous electromagnetic field generated by WPT system on human dermal and neural cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5514. [PMID: 38448548 PMCID: PMC10918061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, we have seen significant technical progress in the modern world, leading to the widespread use of telecommunications systems, electrical appliances, and wireless technologies. These devices generate electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and electromagnetic fields (EMF) most often in the extremely low frequency or radio-frequency range. Therefore, they were included in the group of environmental risk factors that affect the human body and health on a daily basis. In this study, we tested the effect of exposure EMF generated by a new prototype wireless charging system on four human cell lines (normal cell lines-HDFa, NHA; tumor cell lines-SH-SY5Y, T98G). We tested different operating parameters of the wireless power transfer (WPT) device (87-207 kHz, 1.01-1.05 kW, 1.3-1.7 mT) at different exposure times (pulsed 6 × 10 min; continuous 1 × 60 min). We observed the effect of EMF on cell morphology and cytoskeletal changes, cell viability and mitotic activity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress. The results of our study did not show any negative effect of the generated EMF on either normal cells or tumor cell lines. However, in order to be able to estimate the risk, further population and epidemiological studies are needed, which would reveal the clinical consequences of EMF impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Zahumenska
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Bibiana Badurova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Pavelek
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Peter Sojka
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Tereza Pavlisova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Spanik
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Monika Kmetova Sivonova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Slavomira Novakova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jan Strnadel
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Erika Halasova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michal Frivaldsky
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia.
| | - Henrieta Skovierova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia.
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Kalantar MH, Bayat PD, Ghaffari Khaligh S, Soleimani H. The role of curcumin during pregnancy on the exposed fetuses' tissues of Wistar rats to electromagnetic field. Electromagn Biol Med 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38366892 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2024.2315214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
To investigate curcumin (CUR) as the protector against the harmful effects of low-frequency electromagnetic field(LF- EMF, 50 Hz) during pregnancy period, 5 males and 15 females of Wistar rat mated and vaginal plaques were observed. Then, the pregnant rats were divided into six groups. During pregnancy(21 days), the EMF group was exposed to EMF for 30 min/day, the CUR group received a single dose of 50 mg/kg/daily CUR intraperitoneal, the EMF+CUR group was injected CUR and exposed to EMF daily. The DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide) group was injected solvent of CUR (DMSO) intraperitoneal with the same volume of CUR solvent, the sham group was placed through the solenoid in the same conditions as the first group without exposure and the control group was kept in their cage in normal condition. After four weeks, babies born were divided according to the mother groups and sacrificed. Then, the three tissues injuries were investigated. EMF exposure led to an increase in outstanding necrotic areas in hippocampal tissue, an increase in the amount of hyperemia(p = 0.017) and necrotic(p = 0.005) in kidneys, and degeneration in liver tissue(p = 0.007) in the EMF group compared with EMF+CUR groups. A single dose of CUR daily during pregnancy can protect these tissues from injuries caused by LF-EMF exposure in rat fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parvin-Dokht Bayat
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Sahar Ghaffari Khaligh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Homa Soleimani
- Department of Medical physics, Faculty of Para-Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics and Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Eskandani R, Zibaii MI. Unveiling the biological effects of radio-frequency and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields on the central nervous system performance. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:30064. [PMID: 39104617 PMCID: PMC11298025 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.30064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) have emerged as noteworthy sources of environmental pollution in the contemporary era. The potential biological impacts of RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposure on human organs, particularly the central nervous system (CNS), have garnered considerable attention in numerous research studies. Methods This article presents a comprehensive yet summarized review of the research on the explicit/implicit effects of RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposure on CNS performance. Results Exposure to RF-EMR can potentially exert adverse effects on the performance of CNS by inducing changes in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neurotransmitter levels, calcium channel regulation, myelin protein structure, the antioxidant defense system, and metabolic processes. However, it is noteworthy that certain reports have suggested that RF-EMR exposure may confer cognitive benefits for various conditions and disorders. ELF-EMF exposure has been associated with the enhancement of CNS performance, marked by improved memory retention, enhanced learning ability, and potential mitigation of neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, it is essential to acknowledge that ELF-EMF exposure has also been linked to the induction of anxiety states, oxidative stress, and alterations in hormonal regulation. Moreover, ELF-EMR exposure alters hippocampal function, notch signaling pathways, the antioxidant defense system, and synaptic activities. Conclusion The RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposures exhibit both beneficial and adverse effects. Nevertheless, the precise conditions and circumstances under which detrimental or beneficial effects manifest (either individually or simultaneously) remain uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Eskandani
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ismail Zibaii
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
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Sun C, Zhu L, Qin H, Su H, Zhang J, Wang S, Xu X, Zhao Z, Mao G, Chen J. Inhibition of mitochondrial calcium uptake by Ru360 enhances the effect of 1800 MHz radio-frequency electromagnetic fields on DNA damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115472. [PMID: 37716072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Today, the existence of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) emitted from cell phones, wireless routers, base stations, and other sources are everywhere around our living environment, and the dose is increasing. RF-EMF have been reported to be cytotoxic and supposed to be a risk factor for various human diseases, thus, more attention is necessary. In recent years, interfere with mitochondrial calcium uptake by using mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) inhibitor were suggested to be potential clinical treatment in mitochondrial calcium overload diseases, like neurodegeneration, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and cancer, but whether this approach increases the health risk of RF-EMF exposure are unknown. To address our concern, we did a preliminary study to determine whether inhibition of MCU will increase the genotoxicity of RF-EMF exposure in cells, and found that short-time (15 min) exposure to 1800 MHz RF-EMF induced significant DNA damage and cell apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) treated with Ruthenium 360 (Ru360), a specific inhibitor of MCU, but no significant effects on cell cycle, cell proliferation, or cell viability were observed. In conclusion, our results indicated that inhibiting MCU increases the genotoxicity of RF-EMF exposure, and more attention needs to be paid to the possible health impact of RF-EMF exposure under these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Longtao Zhu
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houbing Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huili Su
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sanying Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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