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Zahumenska R, Badurova B, Pavelek M, Sojka P, Pavlisova T, Spanik P, Sivonova MK, Novakova S, Strnadel J, Halasova E, Frivaldsky M, Skovierova H. Comparison of pulsed and continuous electromagnetic field generated by WPT system on human dermal and neural cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5514. [PMID: 38448548 PMCID: PMC10918061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, we have seen significant technical progress in the modern world, leading to the widespread use of telecommunications systems, electrical appliances, and wireless technologies. These devices generate electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and electromagnetic fields (EMF) most often in the extremely low frequency or radio-frequency range. Therefore, they were included in the group of environmental risk factors that affect the human body and health on a daily basis. In this study, we tested the effect of exposure EMF generated by a new prototype wireless charging system on four human cell lines (normal cell lines-HDFa, NHA; tumor cell lines-SH-SY5Y, T98G). We tested different operating parameters of the wireless power transfer (WPT) device (87-207 kHz, 1.01-1.05 kW, 1.3-1.7 mT) at different exposure times (pulsed 6 × 10 min; continuous 1 × 60 min). We observed the effect of EMF on cell morphology and cytoskeletal changes, cell viability and mitotic activity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress. The results of our study did not show any negative effect of the generated EMF on either normal cells or tumor cell lines. However, in order to be able to estimate the risk, further population and epidemiological studies are needed, which would reveal the clinical consequences of EMF impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Zahumenska
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Bibiana Badurova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Pavelek
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Peter Sojka
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Tereza Pavlisova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Spanik
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia
| | - Monika Kmetova Sivonova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Slavomira Novakova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jan Strnadel
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Erika Halasova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michal Frivaldsky
- Department of Mechatronics and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, 010 26, Žilina, Slovakia.
| | - Henrieta Skovierova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia.
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Zavrel M, Kindl V, Frivaldsky M, Andriukaitis D, Navikas D. Optimization of series-series compensated wireless power transfer system using alternative secondary side rectification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1191. [PMID: 38216570 PMCID: PMC10786924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on the operational analysis of wireless power transfer (WPT) system, while the topology of the secondary side rectifier represents the main element, for which the properties of WPT system are being investigated. Initially the system description and technical specifications are given. Because WPT systems are designed for a certain type and value of the load (impedance matching) in order to achieve the highest possible efficiency, the definitions for those values are identified for individual topologies of the secondary side rectifiers. Consequently, the results are compared and discussed and followed by the simulation analysis to prove the operational behavior in time-domain for each of investigated alternative of rectifier. Several relationships have been identified in relation to secondary side electrical variables, and discussion for stress-optimization are given as well. The simulation results are verified by the experimental measurements, while individual solutions for secondary side rectifiers are evaluated from efficiency point of view followed by the recommendations of the operational conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zavrel
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Bohemian University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Kindl
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Bohemian University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Frivaldsky
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Zilina, Zilina, Slovakia.
| | - Darius Andriukaitis
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dangirutis Navikas
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
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