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de la Rosa T, Berrocoso E, Scorza FA. Necropolitics of Death in Neurodegeneration. Cult Med Psychiatry 2024; 48:384-400. [PMID: 38652343 PMCID: PMC11217034 DOI: 10.1007/s11013-024-09855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) pose significant challenges for biomedicine in the twenty-first century, particularly considering the global demographic ageing and the subsequent increase in their prevalence. Characterized as progressive, chronic and debilitating, they often result in higher mortality rates compared with the general population. Research agendas and biomedical technologies are shaped by power relations, ultimately affecting patient wellbeing and care. Drawing on the concepts of bio- and necropolitics, introduced by philosophers Foucault and Mbembe, respectively, this perspective examines the interplay between the territoriality and governmentality around demographic ageing, ND and death, focussing on knowledge production as a dispositif of power by highlighting the marginal role that the phenomenon of mortality plays in the ND research landscape. We propose a shift into acknowledging the coloniality of knowledge and embracing its situatedness to attain knowledge 'from death', understood as an epistemic position from which novel approaches and practices could emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- T de la Rosa
- Neurology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Neuroscience Department, Universidad de Cádiz, Plaza del Falla 9, Facultad de Medicina 3 Planta, 11003, Cádiz, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
| | - E Berrocoso
- Neuroscience Department, Universidad de Cádiz, Plaza del Falla 9, Facultad de Medicina 3 Planta, 11003, Cádiz, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - F A Scorza
- Neurology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cardenas Soriano P, Rodriguez-Blazquez C, Forjaz MJ, Ayala A, Fernandez-Mayoralas G, Rojo-Perez F, Sanchez-Gonzalez D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez V. Associated factors for fear of COVID-19 scale in long-term care settings in Spain. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 56:167-172. [PMID: 38354659 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) score and sociodemographic, health, emotional and behavioural factors, in a cross-sectional observational study in 447 older adults living in long-term care (LTC) settings in Madrid (Spain). METHODS The sample was stratified by nursing home ownership, geographical location, and size. Multiple linear regression analysis was used using backward elimination to identify factors that explained associations with fear, and logistic regression models were used to examine its role as a predictor of adherence to preventive measures. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 83.8 years, most were female, had had COVID-19, and were worried about the pandemic. The average score of the FCV-19S was 18.36 (SD: 8.28; range: 7-35), and the variables associated in the multiple linear regression model (explained variance: 34.00%) were being female, lower level of education, satisfaction with life and the residential home, and higher worry about the pandemic. The logistic regression models showed that fear of COVID-19 was a predictor of adherence to preventive measures like wearing facemasks, washing hands, and avoiding physical contact. CONCLUSIONS fear of COVID-19 was significantly related with sex and subjective factors as life satisfaction and worry; and it influences older people's preventive behaviour. Interventions aimed at reducing fear and promoting adherence to preventive measures would improve their mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Cardenas Soriano
- Preventive Medicine Unit, Alcorcón Foundation University Hospital, Alcorcón, Spain; Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria João Forjaz
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC) and Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Ayala
- Department of Statistics, University Carlos III of Madrid, and Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fermina Rojo-Perez
- Grupo de Investigacion sobre Envejecimiento (GIE-CSIC), IEGD, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Sanchez-Gonzalez
- Department of Geography, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
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Henriques HR, Nascimento T, Costa A. Nurses' Experiences of Care in Portuguese Nursing Homes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Focus Group Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6563. [PMID: 37623149 PMCID: PMC10454102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20166563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable influence on long-term care facilities, exposing the shortcomings of nursing homes in implementing recommendations by health authorities. It also emphasizes the need for a nursing management model customized to the vulnerable status of residents, organizational demands, and occupational nursing requirements. We aimed to characterize the perspectives of nurses who have experienced COVID-19 in nursing homes regarding measures implemented to avoid or manage outbreaks in that environment. An interview was conducted with a focus group following the consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative research guidelines. Data analysis was performed using WebQDA software following a thematic category orientation. Eight Portuguese nurses working in nursing homes from the country's central area participated in this study. We identified three major significant areas for long-term care respiratory outbreak management: strategic (policy, staffing, and resources); tactical (training, organization, engagement, and supervision); and operational planning (vigilance, prevention of disease spread, and family involvement). From the participants' view, the management of COVID-19 in nursing homes must be highly supportive and responsive, offering resources to control risks, supporting residents' care, and ensuring the safety and well-being of residents and staff members. Saturation was not reached; thus, further research is needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Rafael Henriques
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Nascimento
- Nursing Administration Department, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Costa
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal
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Rojo-Perez F, Rodriguez-Rodriguez V, Fernandez-Mayoralas G, Sánchez-González D, Perez de Arenaza Escribano C, Rojo-Abuin JM, Forjaz MJ, Molina-Martínez MÁ, Rodriguez-Blazquez C. Residential Environment Assessment by Older Adults in Nursing Homes during COVID-19 Outbreak. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16354. [PMID: 36498426 PMCID: PMC9739633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The most vulnerable residential settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were older adult's nursing homes, which experienced high rates of incidence and death from this cause. This paper aims to ascertain how institutionalized older people assessed their residential environment during the pandemic and to examine the differences according to personal and contextual characteristics. The COVID-19 Nursing Homes Survey (Madrid region, Spain) was used. The residential environment assessment scale (EVAER) and personal and contextual characteristics were selected. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis were applied. The sample consisted of 447 people (mean age = 83.8, 63.1% = women, 50.8% = widowed, 40% = less than primary studies). Four residential assessment subscales (relationships, mobility, residential aspects, privacy space) and three clusters according to residential rating (medium-high with everything = 71.5% of cases, low with mobility = 15.4%, low with everything = 13.1%) were obtained. The logistic regression models for each cluster category showed to be statistically significant. Showing a positive affect (OR = 1.08), fear of COVID-19 (OR = 1.06), high quality of life (OR = 1.05), not having suspicion of depression (OR = 0.75) and performing volunteer activities (OR = 3.67) were associated with the largest cluster. It is concluded that a better residential evaluation was related to more favourable personal and contextual conditions. These results can help in the design of nursing homes for older adults in need of accommodation and care to facilitate an age-friendly environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fermina Rojo-Perez
- Grupo de Investigacion sobre Envejecimiento (GIE), IEGD, CSIC, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Diego Sánchez-González
- Department of Geography, National Distance Education University (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria João Forjaz
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC) and Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Molina-Martínez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, National Distance Education University (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Cárdenas Soriano P, Rodriguez-Blazquez C, Forjaz MJ, Ayala A, Rojo-Perez F, Fernandez-Mayoralas G, Molina-Martinez MA, de Arenaza Escribano CP, Rodriguez-Rodriguez V. Validation of the Spanish Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in Long-Term Care Settings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16183. [PMID: 36498256 PMCID: PMC9741095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the main psychological impacts of the actual pandemic, especially among the population groups with higher mortality rates. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) has been used in different scenarios to assess fear associated with COVID-19, but this has not been done frequently in people living in long-term care (LTC) settings. The present study is aimed at measuring the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the FCV-19S in residents in LTC settings, following both the classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch model frameworks. The participants (n = 447), aged 60 years or older, were asked to complete the FCV-19S and to report, among other issues, their levels of depression, resilience, emotional wellbeing and health-related quality of life with validated scales. The mean FCV-19S score was 18.36 (SD 8.28, range 7−35), with higher scores for women, participants with lower education (primary or less) and higher adherence to preventive measures (all, p < 0.05). The Cronbach’s alpha for the FCV-19S was 0.94. After eliminating two items due to a lack of fit, the FCV-19S showed a good fit to the Rasch model (χ2 (20) = 30.24, p = 0.019, PSI = 0.87), with unidimensionality (binomial 95% CI 0.001 to 0.045) and item local independency. Question 5 showed differential item functioning by sex. The present study shows that the FCV-19S has satisfactory reliability and validity, which supports its use to effectively measure fear in older people living in LTC settings. This tool could help identify risk groups that may need specific health education and effective communication strategies to lower fear levels. This might have a beneficial impact on adherence to preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Cárdenas Soriano
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Albacete, ES-02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria João Forjaz
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC) and Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Institute of Health, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Ayala
- Department of Statistics, University Carlos III of Madrid, and Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Carlos III Institute of Health, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermina Rojo-Perez
- Grupo de Investigacion Sobre Envejecimiento (GIE), IEGD, CSIC, ES-28037 Madrid, Spain
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